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Specialty: Cardiology
Drug: Insulin

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Total 191 results found since Jan 2013.

Insulin resistance: an additional risk factor in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes
Abstract Sedentary life style and high calorie dietary habits are prominent leading cause of metabolic syndrome in modern world. Obesity plays a central role in occurrence of various diseases like hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, which lead to insulin resistance and metabolic derangements like cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) mediated by oxidative stress. The mortality rate due to CVDs is on the rise in developing countries. Insulin resistance (IR) leads to micro or macro angiopathy, peripheral arterial dysfunction, hampered blood flow, hypertension, as well as the cardiomyocyte and the endothelia...
Source: Heart Failure Reviews - November 5, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Abstract P636: Sex Differences in Cardioprotective AT2R Expression in Diabetic Rats and Its Correlation with Myocardial Damage Session Title: Diabetes, Nutrition and Obesity/Insulin and Metabolic Syndrome
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Healthy, young women are protected from CVD, while diabetic women are more susceptible to CVD compared to age-matched diabetic men and non-diabetic women. Underlying mechanisms for this sex difference in CVD are not fully elucidated. The angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) is a member of the protective, vasodilative arm of the renin angiotensin system. The Agtr2 gene that codes for AT2R is X-linked, and increased Agtr2 expression is reported in female vasculature of rodent models. We hypothesized that a sex difference might exist in DM...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lum-Naihe, K., Mahmood, A., Bajwa, J., Emter, C. A., Pulakat, L. Tags: Session Title: Diabetes, Nutrition and Obesity/Insulin and Metabolic Syndrome Source Type: research

Abstract P638: Investigating Gene Pleiotropy in the Metabolic Syndrome in Lyon Hypertensive Rats Session Title: Diabetes, Nutrition and Obesity/Insulin and Metabolic Syndrome
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) - hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance - is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Our overall goal is to identify novel genes and pathways causing MetS. Our previous work determined that rat chromosome 17 (RNO17) contributes to several MetS-defining traits (including high blood pressure, obesity, and dyslipidemia) in the Lyon Hypertensive (LH) rat, a genetically determined MetS rat model. We hypothesized that at least some of the traits on RNO17 are controlled by a single gene with pleiotropic effects. To address this hypothesis, we generated congeni...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kwitek, A. E., Pettus, J., Jakoubek, J., Ma, J. Tags: Session Title: Diabetes, Nutrition and Obesity/Insulin and Metabolic Syndrome Source Type: research

Ten year experience of using a novel metabolic protocol in 'off pump' coronary artery bypass revascularization
Conclusions: Off-pump coronary artery bypass coupled with this novel metabolic protocol was associated with a low operative mortality and acceptable perioperative morbidities, including patients with left main coronary artery disease. These benefits are apparent at both short- and medium-term follow up.
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease - November 16, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Perkowski, D. J., Wagner, S., Muller, K., Schneider, J. R., St.Cyr, J. A. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Cardiovascular safety of insulin degludec versus insulin glargine in patients at high risk of cardiovascular events: Design of the DEVOTE Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial (DEVOTE 1)
Publication date: Available online 18 June 2016 Source:American Heart Journal Author(s): Steven P. Marso, Darren K. McGuire, Bernard Zinman, Neil R. Poulter, Scott S. Emerson, Thomas R. Pieber, Richard E. Pratley, Poul-Martin Haahr, Martin Lange, Kirstine Brown Frandsen, Rasmus Rabøl, John B. Buse The Trial Comparing Cardiovascular Safety of Insulin Degludec Versus Insulin Glargine in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes at High Risk of Cardiovascular Events (DEVOTE) was designed to evaluate the cardiovascular safety of insulin degludec versus insulin glargine U100 in patients with type 2 diabetes at high risk of c...
Source: American Heart Journal - June 17, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Outcomes for Patients With Diabetes After Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation
Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects an estimated 366 million people worldwide, and confers a markedly increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, and HF.1 Diabetes is an independent mortality risk factor for HF patients at follow-up intervals of 1 –8 years.2–5 Decompensated HF is an insulin-resistant state, promoting hyperglycemia in patients with and without DM. Independently from DM status, blood glucose level at HF hospital admission is prognostic for 30-day mortality.
Source: Journal of Cardiac Failure - February 24, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Amanda R. Vest, Stanley M. Mistak, Rory Hachamovitch, Maria M. Mountis, Nader Moazami, James B. Young Tags: Clinical Investigation Source Type: research

Design of DEVOTE (Trial Comparing Cardiovascular Safety of Insulin Degludec vs Insulin Glargine in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes at High Risk of Cardiovascular Events) – DEVOTE 1
Publication date: September 2016 Source:American Heart Journal, Volume 179 Author(s): Steven P. Marso, Darren K. McGuire, Bernard Zinman, Neil R. Poulter, Scott S. Emerson, Thomas R. Pieber, Richard E. Pratley, Poul-Martin Haahr, Martin Lange, Kirstine Brown Frandsen, Rasmus Rabøl, John B. Buse DEVOTE was designed to evaluate the cardiovascular safety of insulin degludec (IDeg) vs insulin glargine U100 (IGlar) in patients with T2D at high risk of cardiovascular events. DEVOTE is a phase 3b, multicenter, international, randomized, double-blind, active comparator-controlled trial, designed as an event-driven t...
Source: American Heart Journal - July 30, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Gender Discrepancy in Diabetic Patients Hospitalized With Heart Failure: Does Age Matter?
Conclusions: In DHF, female gender is characterized by having a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome components. Also, females are more likely to have better Left ventricular ejection fraction but less likely to receive cardiovascular evidence based medications. There is no significant difference in the overall hospital mortality between both genders, however, in the younger age; males have a significantly higher mortality.
Source: Critical Pathways in Cardiology - August 2, 2016 Category: Cardiology Tags: Original Studies Source Type: research

Metabolic Markers to Predict Incident Diabetes Mellitus in Statin-Treated Patients (From the Treating to New Targets (TNT) and the Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels (SPARCL) Trials)
The goal of this analysis was to evaluate the ability of insulin resistance, identified by the presence of prediabetes mellitus (PreDM) combined with either an elevated triglyceride (TG>1.7mmol/L) or body mass index (BMI> 27.0 kg/m2), to identify increased risk of statin-associated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Consequently, a retrospective analysis of data from non-diabetic individuals in the TNT and SPARCL randomized controlled trials was performed, subdividing participants into 4 experimental groups: 1) normal fasting glucose (NFG) and TG ≤ 1.7 mmol/L (42%); 2) NFG and TG> 1.7 mmol/L (22%); 3) PreDM and TG ≤ 1.7 ...
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - August 11, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Payal Kohli, Joshua W. Knowles, Ashish Sarraju, David D. Waters, Gerald Reaven Source Type: research

Added Sugars and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Children: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.
CONCLUSIONS: Associations between added sugars and increased cardiovascular disease risk factors among US children are present at levels far below current consumption levels. Strong evidence supports the association of added sugars with increased cardiovascular disease risk in children through increased energy intake, increased adiposity, and dyslipidemia. The committee found that it is reasonable to recommend that children consume ≤25 g (100 cal or ≈6 teaspoons) of added sugars per day and to avoid added sugars for children <2 years of age. Although added sugars most likely can be safely consumed in low amounts as ...
Source: Circulation - August 21, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Vos MB, Kaar JL, Welsh JA, Van Horn LV, Feig DI, Anderson CA, Patel MJ, Cruz Munos J, Krebs NF, Xanthakos SA, Johnson RK, American Heart Association Nutrition Committee of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Clinical Cardiology Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Right ventricular metabolic adaptations to high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous training in healthy middle-aged men
Despite the recent studies on structural and functional adaptations of the right ventricle (RV) to exercise training, adaptations of its metabolism remain unknown. We investigated the effects of short-term, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on RV glucose and fat metabolism. Twenty-eight untrained, healthy 40–55 yr-old-men were randomized into HIIT (n = 14) and MICT (n = 14) groups. Subjects performed six supervised cycle ergometer training sessions within 2 wk (HIIT session: 4–6 x 30 s all-out cycling/4-min recovery; MICT session: 40–60 min at 60% pe...
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - August 31, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Heiskanen, M. A., Leskinen, T., Heinonen, I. H. A., Löyttyniemi, E., Eskelinen, J.-J., Virtanen, K., Hannukainen, J. C., Kalliokoski, K. K. Tags: ENERGETICS AND METABOLISM Source Type: research

Cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality with insulin versus glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue in type 2 diabetes
Conclusions In this cohort of obese people with T2DM, intensification of dual oral therapy by adding GLP-1ar analogue is associated with a lower MACE outcome in routine clinical practice, compared with adding insulin therapy as the third glucose-lowering agent.
Source: Heart - September 12, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Anyanwagu, U., Mamza, J., Mehta, R., Donnelly, R., Idris, I. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Acute coronary syndromes, Epidemiology, Diabetes, Metabolic disorders Healthcare delivery, economics and global health Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Consequences of Childhood Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure: Prevailing Evidence, Burden, and Racial and Socioeconomic Disparities: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.
CONCLUSIONS: The epidemiological, observational, and experimental evidence accumulated to date demonstrates the detrimental cardiovascular consequences of SHS exposure in children. IMPLICATIONS: Increased awareness of the adverse, lifetime cardiovascular consequences of childhood SHS may facilitate the development of innovative individual, family-centered, and community health interventions to reduce and ideally eliminate SHS exposure in the vulnerable pediatric population. This evidence calls for a robust public health policy that embraces zero tolerance of childhood SHS exposure. PMID: 27619923 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation - September 11, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Raghuveer G, White DA, Hayman LL, Woo JG, Villafane J, Celermajer D, Ward KD, de Ferranti SD, Zachariah J, American Heart Association Committee on Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, and Obesity in the Young of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Youn Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibition for the reduction of cardiovascular events in high-risk patients with diabetes mellitus
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) exhibit an increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) events. Hyperglycaemia itself contributes to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and heart failure (HF) in these patients, but glucose-lowering strategies studied to date have had little to no impact on reducing CV risk, especially in patients with a long duration of T2D and prevalent CV disease (CVD). Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a novel class of anti-hyperglycaemic medications that increase urinary glucose excretion, thus improving glycaemic control independent of insulin. The recently published CV outc...
Source: European Heart Journal - November 16, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Marx, N., McGuire, D. K. Tags: Clinical update Source Type: research

Cross-Sectional Positive Association of Serum Lipids and Blood Pressure With Serum Sodium Within the Normal Reference Range of 135-145 mmol/L.
CONCLUSIONS: Serum sodium concentration is a cardiovascular risk factor even within the normal reference range. Thus, decreasing sodium to the lower end of the normal range by modification of water and salt intake is a personalizable strategy for decreasing cardiovascular risks. PMID: 28062505 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology - December 28, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gao S, Cui X, Wang X, Burg MB, Dmitrieva NI Tags: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Source Type: research