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Drug: Dexamethasone

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Total 6562 results found since Jan 2013.

Silencing FOXO1 attenuates dexamethasone-induced apoptosis in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.
Abstract Dexamethasone (DEX), a widely used glucocorticoid with strong anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities, has been reported to induce apoptosis in osteoblasts, but the underlying mechanisms are still not comprehensively investigated. FOXO1 plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Our study aims to explore the role of FOXO1 in DEX-induced apoptosis of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells through bioinformatics and experiments. We first employed bioinformatics to identify DEX-related genes and revealed their functions by GO enrichment analysis including FOXO1 associated ...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 18, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Xing L, Zhang X, Feng H, Liu S, Li D, Hasegawa T, Guo J, Li M Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Agonist JWH-015 Inhibits Interleukin-1 β-Induced Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fibroblasts and in Adjuvant Induced Arthritis Rat via Glucocorticoid Receptor
Management of pain in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a priority that is not fully addressed by the conventional therapies. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) agonist JWH-015 using RA synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) obtained from patients diagnosed with RA and in a rat adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) model of RA. Pretreatment of human RASFs with JWH-015 (10-20 µM) markedly inhibited the ability of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) to induce production of IL-6 and IL-8 and cellular expression of inflammatory cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). JWH-015 was effe...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 7, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Inhibition of NOX2-NLRP1 signaling pathway protects against chronic glucocorticoids exposure-induced hippocampal neuronal damage.
In this study, the lentivirus with NLRP1-siRNA was injected into the hippocampus of male mice which were then treated with dexamethasone (DEX, 5 mg/kg) for 28 d. The data indicated that NLRP1-siRNA treatment down-regulated the NLRP1 expression and significantly improved the exploratory behavior and spatial memory deficits in open field tests and Morris water maze which were deteriorated by chronic DEX treatment in mice. Additionally, inhibition of NLRP1 expression significantly alleviated neuronal degeneration and increased MAP2 expression in the hippocampus in mice. Meanwhile, the results showed that DEX exposure incr...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - June 26, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Sun L, Chen Y, Shen X, Xu T, Yin Y, Zhang H, Ding S, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Guan Y, Li W Tags: Int Immunopharmacol Source Type: research

Cryptotanshinone Attenuates Airway Remodeling by Inhibiting Crosstalk Between Tumor Necrosis Factor-Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis and Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 Signaling Pathways in Asthma
The study is to investigate the effect of cryptotanshinone (CTS) on airway remodeling and the possible mechanism. Male BALB/c mice were pretreated with CTS or dexamethasone 30 min before nebulized inhalation of ovalbumin (OVA). CTS significantly inhibited OVA-induced increases of eosinophils and neutrophils infiltration of bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALFs), reduced airway resistance in asthmatic mice, decreased the accumulation of inflammatory cells, the hyperplasia of goblet cells and the deposition of collagen in asthmatic mice lung tissue, as well as markedly attenuated the leakage of inflammatory cells and the leve...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - November 10, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Glucocorticoids mobilize macrophages by transcriptionally up-regulating the exopeptidase DPP4 Cell Biology
Glucocorticoids are potent endogenous anti-inflammatory molecules, and their cognate receptor, glucocorticoid receptor (GR), is expressed in nearly all immune cells. Macrophages are heterogeneous immune cells having a central role in both tissue homeostasis and inflammation and also play a role in the pathogenesis of some inflammatory diseases. Paradoxically, glucocorticoids have only a limited efficacy in controlling the resolution of these macrophage-related diseases. Here, we report that the transcriptomes of monocyte-like THP-1 cells and macrophage-like THP-1 cells (THP1-MΦ) have largely conserved gene expression patt...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - March 5, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: David Diaz-Jimenez, Maria Grazia Petrillo, Jonathan T. Busada, Marcela A. Hermoso, John A. Cidlowski Tags: Gene Regulation Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 25, Pages 6028: The Antiasthma Medication Ciclesonide Suppresses Breast Cancer Stem Cells through Inhibition of the Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling-Dependent YAP Pathway
This study focused on investigating the effect of ciclesonide on breast cancer and CSCs and determining its underlying mechanism. Here, we showed that ciclesonide inhibits breast cancer and CSC formation. Similar glucocorticoids—dexamethasone and prednisone—did not inhibit CSC formation. Ciclesonide-induced glucocorticoid receptor (GR) degradation was dependent on ubiquitination. We showed via GR small interfering RNA (siRNA) that GR plays an important role in CSC formation. We showed via western blot and immunofluorescence assays that ciclesonide reduces the nuclear level of GR. The GR antagoni...
Source: Molecules - December 19, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Su-Lim Kim Hack Sun Choi Ji-Hyang Kim Dong-Sun Lee Tags: Article Source Type: research

Late Breaking Abstract - Aldo-keto reductases expression correlate corticoids efficacy in vitro and on chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Conclusion: AKR1C1, and possibly AKR1C2, seem to participate in the corticoid response by a non-catalytic mechanism, which may be related to GRα nuclear localization. Based on in vitro evidence, the high expression of AKR1C1 in CRSwNP patients may relate to corticoid resistance.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 25, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Morell, A., Milara, J., Lastovickova, L., Roger, I., Garcia-Lliberos, A., Zapater-Latorre, E., Armengot, M., Cortijo, J., Wsol, V. Tags: Airway pharmacology and treatment Source Type: research

Bim downregulation by activation of NF- κB p65, Akt, and ERK1/2 is associated with adriamycin and dexamethasone resistance in multiple myeloma cells
In this study, we examined the MDR mechanism in adriamycin- and dexamethasone-resistant cells. RPMI8226/ADM, ARH-77/ADM, RPMI8226/DEX, and ARH-77/DEX cells exhibited enhanced nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65, Akt, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation. Combination treatment with NF-κB p65, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), and mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2) inhibitors resensitized to adriamycin and dexamethasone via increased Bim expression. A lthough treatment with MDR1 or Survivin siRNA did not overcome adriamycin and dexamethasone resistance in RPMI8226/ADM and RPMI8226/DEX cel...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Medicine - November 30, 2022 Category: Research Source Type: research

Interventions for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in adults
CONCLUSIONS: No RCTs, which evaluated corticosteroids, were identified although the KDIGO guidelines recommend corticosteroids as the first treatment for adults with FSGS. The studies identified included participants with steroid-resistant FSGS. Treatment with cyclosporin for at least six months was more likely to achieve complete remission of proteinuria compared with other treatments but there was considerable imprecision due to few studies and small participant numbers. In future studies of existing or new interventions, the investigators must clearly define the populations included in the study to provide appropriate r...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - February 28, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Elisabeth M Hodson Aditi Sinha Tess E Cooper Source Type: research

A Primate-Specific RNA-Binding Protein (RBMXL3) Is Involved in Glucocorticoid Regulation of Human Pulmonary Surfactant Protein B (SP-B) mRNA Stability
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2021 Mar 10. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.00022.2020. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe ability of pulmonary surfactant to reduce alveolar surface tension requires adequate levels of surfactant protein B (SP-B). Dexamethasone (DEX) increases human SP-B expression, in part, through increased SP-B mRNA stability. A 30 nt-long hairpin element (RBE) in the 3'-untranslated region of human SP-B mRNA mediates both DEX-induced and intrinsic mRNA stability, but the mechanism is unknown. Proteomic analysis of RBE-interacting proteins identified a primate-specific protein; RNA binding motif X-linked-like-3...
Source: Am J Physiol Lung Ce... - March 15, 2021 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Lidan Liu Xiangli Liu Weizhen Bi Joseph L Alcorn Source Type: research