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Drug: Victoza

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GLP-1R as a Target for the Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy: Friend or Foe?
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists are increasingly being used as treatment for type 2 diabetes. Since the U.S. Food and Drug Administration published recommendations about the cardiovascular safety of new antidiabetes therapies for treating type 2 diabetes in 2008, the results of two outstanding clinical trials using GLP-1R agonists addressing this issue (Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results—A Long Term Evaluation [LEADER] and Trial to Evaluate Cardiovascular and Other Long-term Outcomes With Semaglutide in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes [SUSTAIN-6]) ...
Source: Diabetes - May 22, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Simo, R.; Hernandez, C. Tags: Perspectives in Diabetes Source Type: research

Evaluation of the effect of GLP ‐1 agonists on quality of bowel preparation for colonoscopy in patients with diabetes
Abstract People with diabetes mellitus warrant a greater need for colonoscopy owing to the increased risk of colorectal cancer and autonomic neuropathy. Unfortunately, this population is reported to have a higher proportion of inadequate bowel preparation during colonoscopy, which translates into lower adenoma detection rates and repeat colonoscopies. Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) agonists commonly used in the management of diabetes are well known to cause delayed gastrointestinal (GI) transit times, yet it is unknown if they contribute to the higher frequency of inadequate bowel preparation in people with diabetes...
Source: Practical Diabetes - June 15, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Toishi Sharma, Nitin Das, Bahaaeldeen Ismail, Fernando Castro ‐Pavia, Jose Cabral, Carmen Villabona Tags: Original short report Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes: Has the Dawn of a New Era Arrived?
Hyperglycemia is the major risk factor for microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the principal cause of death, and lowering HbA1c has only a modest effect on reducing CVD risk and mortality. The recently published LEADER and SUSTAIN-6 trials demonstrate that, in T2D patients with high CVD risk, the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists liraglutide and semaglutide reduce the primary major adverse cardiac events (MACE) end point (cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke) by 13% and 24%, respectively. The EMPA-REG OUTCOME, ...
Source: Diabetes Care - June 21, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Abdul-Ghani, M.; DeFronzo, R. A.; Del Prato, S.; Chilton, R.; Singh, R.; Ryder, R. E. J. Tags: Epidemiology-Diabetes Complications Perspectives in Care Source Type: research

Effects of liraglutide on hemodynamic parameters in patients with heart failure.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of liraglutide on hemodynamic parameters in patients with heart failure. A total of 78 patients with heart failure were enrolled in this study between August 2014 and November 2015. Of these, 52 patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either liraglutide or placebo for 7 days. Hemodynamic measurements were made using transpulmonary thermodilution and arterial pulse contour analysis. At 7 days, the difference in change of the primary endpoint of cardiac output between the liraglutide group and control group was +1.1 1/min (95% CI +0.1 to +2.2; P < 0.001). Stroke volume was signific...
Source: Oncotarget - June 25, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Victoza (liraglutide) is Approved to Reduce the Risk of Three Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Type 2 Diabetes Patients
PLAINSBORO, N.J., Aug. 25, 2017 /PRNewswire/ -- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a new indication for Victoza (liraglutide) to reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events, heart attack, stroke and CV death, in...
Source: Drugs.com - New Drug Approvals - August 25, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: news

Victoza ® reduces the risk of major cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes with or without prior events
A new analysis of the landmark LEADER trial shows that Victoza® (liraglutide) reduced the risk of major cardiovascular (CV) events in people with type 2 diabetes at high CV risk, irrespective of their history of having a heart attack and/or stroke or not having any of these events, when compared to placebo.(1) This post-hoc analysis was presented today at the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Annual Congress in Barcelona, Spain.
Source: World Pharma News - August 28, 2017 Category: Pharmaceuticals Tags: Featured Novo Nordisk Business and Industry Source Type: news

Diabetes News
Abstract More than 31,000 attendeesfrom around the world gathered in Barcelona, Spain for the 2017 European Society of Cardiology conference. In presentinga post‐hoc analysis of the Liraglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes(LEADER)1 trial, Dr Neil Poulter (Imperial College London, UK) showedthat results are still positive, indicating cardioprotection, after adjusting for baseline history of stroke or myocardial infarction (MI), which had no mediating effect on the significant association between Novo Nordisk's (Copenhagen, Denmark) glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) agonist Victoza (liraglutide) and c...
Source: Journal of Diabetes - September 1, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Ann M. Carracher, Payal H. Marathe, Kelly L. Close Tags: News Source Type: research

Liraglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in adults with overweight or obesity: A post hoc analysis from SCALE randomized controlled trials
The objective was to evaluate whether cardiovascular risk was increased with liraglutide treatment. The primary composite outcome of this time‐to‐event analysis was the first occurrence of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction or nonfatal stroke. These cardiovascular events were adjudicated prospectively for three of the trials and retrospectively for two trials by an event adjudication committee. The primary outcome was analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model, stratified by trial. With liraglutide 3.0 mg, 8 participants had positively adjudicated cardiovascular events (1.54 events/1000 person‐...
Source: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism - September 26, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: MJ Davies, LJ Aronne, ID Caterson, AB Thomsen, PB Jacobsen, SP Marso, Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research

Does Neprilysin Inhibition Potentiate or Minimize the Adverse Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Chronic Heart Failure?
Heart failure and diabetes commonly coexist, and therefore, drugs that favorably influence the natural history of each of these two disorders are likely to be prescribed together.1 In patients with type 2 diabetes, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists decrease the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events,2,3 and liraglutide is approved to reduce cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction and nonfatal stroke.4 Analogously, in patients with chronic heart failure and a reduced ejection fraction, neprilysin inhibition has been shown to decrease the risk of cardiovascular death and hospitalization for ...
Source: Journal of Cardiac Failure - January 3, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Milton Packer Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

The kidney and cardiovascular outcome trials
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects a substantial minority of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Analysis of US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) datasets from 2007 through 2012 showed Stage 3 or worse disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2) in nearly one in five patients, with increasing age, blood pressure, obesity, and levels of glycemia all associated with higher likelihood of Stage 3 or worse CKD, comparable to findings from surveys from many other areas, which also show micro‐ or macroalbuminuria to be present in one‐sixth to one‐third of diab...
Source: Journal of Diabetes - January 19, 2018 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Zachary Bloomgarden Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Integrating cardioprotective glucose-lowering medications into clinical practice
Patients with type 2 diabetes suffer from both microvascular and macrovascular complications. Optimal glycemic control is well known to reduce the microvascular complications of retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. However, despite having multiple classes of antidiabetes medications, we have not been able to favorably affect the cardiovascular (CV) complications of diabetes, which cause considerable morbidity and premature CV mortality in patients with diabetes. The recent publication of the EMPA-REG Outcome and the LEADER studies demonstrating favorable CV outcomes with empagliflozin and liraglutide have led to a dec...
Source: Cardiovascular Endocrinology - February 19, 2018 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review articles Source Type: research

Myocardial Infarction Subtypes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Effect of Liraglutide Therapy (From the LEADER Trial)
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a known risk factor for myocardial infarction (MI); however, data regarding MI subtypes in people with diabetes are limited. In the LEADER trial (N=9340), liraglutide significantly reduced the risk of major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (composite of CV death, non-fatal MI or non-fatal stroke) versus placebo in patients with type 2 DM and high CV risk. Liraglutide also reduced risk of first MI (292 events with liraglutide versus 339 with placebo). This post hoc analysis characterized MIs (first and recurrent) occurring in LEADER, by treatment arm and regarding incidence, outcome, subtype and troponin levels.
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - March 15, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Steven P. Marso, Michael A. Nauck, Tea Monk Fries, S øren Rasmussen, Marianne Bach Treppendahl, John B. Buse, LEADER Trial Investigators Source Type: research

Myocardial Infarction Subtypes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Effect of Liraglutide Therapy (from the LEADER Trial)
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a known risk factor for myocardial infarction (MI); however, data regarding MI subtypes in people with diabetes are limited. In the Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results (LEADER) trial (n  = 9,340), liraglutide significantly reduced the risk of major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events (composite of CV death, nonfatal MI, or nonfatal stroke) versus placebo in patients with type 2 DM and high CV risk. Liraglutide also reduced risk of first MI (292 events with liraglutide vs 339 wit h placebo).
Source: The American Journal of Cardiology - March 15, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Steven P. Marso, Michael A. Nauck, Tea Monk Fries, S øren Rasmussen, Marianne Bach Treppendahl, John B. Buse, LEADER Publication Committee on behalf of the LEADER Trial Investigators Source Type: research

Liraglutide Attenuates the Depressive- and Anxiety-like Behaviour in the Corticosterone Induced Depression Model Via Improving Hippocampal Neural Plasticity.
Abstract Recent studies indicate that metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity are a major risk factor of psychiatric diseases. This relationship opens the opportunity to develop new antidepressant drugs by repurposing antidiabetic drugs. Previous research has demonstrated that GLP-1 analogs are neuroprotective in several neurological disease models including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and stroke. In addition, the GLP-1 analog liraglutide has been shown to promote neurogenesis, which is seen to play important roles in memory formation and cognitive and emotional processing. However...
Source: Brain Research - April 26, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Weina H, Yuhu N, Christian H, Birong L, Feiyu S, Le W Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

Leptin, cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Abstract Leptin, an adipokine that is implicated in the control of food intake via appetite suppression, may also stimulate oxidative stress, inflammation, thrombosis, arterial stiffness, angiogenesis and atherogenesis. These leptin-induced effects may predispose to the development of cardiovascular diseases. In the present review we discuss the evidence linking leptin levels with the presence, severity and/or prognosis of both coronary artery disease and non-cardiac vascular diseases such as stroke, carotid artery disease, peripheral artery disease (PAD) and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) as well as with chroni...
Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica - June 7, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Katsiki N, Mikhailidis DP, Banach M Tags: Acta Pharmacol Sin Source Type: research