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Total 17 results found since Jan 2013.

Letter to the Editor regarding “Mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes diagnosed after metformin-triggered stroke-like episodes”
We read with interest the article by Murakami et al. about a 40 years-old male with mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episode (MELAS) syndrome due to the variant m.3243A>G with a heteroplasmy rate of 27%, in whom metformin was suspected to have triggered a stroke-like episode (SLE), the phenotypic hallmark of MELAS.1 Metformin was replaced by sitagliptin and the patient was discharged in a stable condition after three weeks.1 The study is excellent, but has limitations that are objectionable and should be discussed.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - April 20, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Josef Finsterer Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Safety, feasibility and efficacy of metformin and sitagliptin in patients with a TIA or minor ischaemic stroke and impaired glucose tolerance
Conclusions Metformin and sitagliptin were both effective in reducing fasting glucose and HbA1c levels in patients with recent TIA or minor ischaemic stroke and IGT. However, the reduction of glucose levels and sample size was relatively small. The clinical relevance, therefore, needs to be tempered. A phase III trial is needed to investigate whether medical treatment, compared with lifestyle intervention or a combination of both, not only improves glucose metabolism in IGT, but also leads to reduction of recurrent TIA or ischaemic stroke in these patients. Trial registration number NL3048.
Source: BMJ Open - September 16, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Osei, E., Zandbergen, A., Brouwers, P. J. A. M., Mulder, L. J. M. M., Koudstaal, P., Lingsma, H., Dippel, D. W. J., den Hertog, H. Tags: Open access, Neurology Source Type: research

Metformin monotherapy for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
CONCLUSIONS: There is no clear evidence whether metformin monotherapy compared with no intervention, behaviour changing interventions or other glucose-lowering drugs influences patient-important outcomes. PMID: 32501595 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - June 4, 2020 Category: General Medicine Authors: Gnesin F, Thuesen ACB, Kähler LKA, Madsbad S, Hemmingsen B Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Protection with Anti-hyperglycemic Agents
AbstractDiabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) disease. Conversely, CV disease is responsible for a majority of the deaths in patients with diabetes. Many drug trials have concentrated on blood glucose (hemoglobin A1c) reduction. This strategy, while reducing microvascular outcomes like nephropathy and neuropathy, has little or no effect on reducing macrovascular events like heart attack, stroke, and heart failure. It has been postulated that hypoglycemia may counterbalance some of the beneficial effects of anti-hyperglycemic agents, but this is not proven. Further, trial evidence for thiazolidine...
Source: American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs - February 15, 2019 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Leptin, cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Abstract Leptin, an adipokine that is implicated in the control of food intake via appetite suppression, may also stimulate oxidative stress, inflammation, thrombosis, arterial stiffness, angiogenesis and atherogenesis. These leptin-induced effects may predispose to the development of cardiovascular diseases. In the present review we discuss the evidence linking leptin levels with the presence, severity and/or prognosis of both coronary artery disease and non-cardiac vascular diseases such as stroke, carotid artery disease, peripheral artery disease (PAD) and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) as well as with chroni...
Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica - June 7, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Katsiki N, Mikhailidis DP, Banach M Tags: Acta Pharmacol Sin Source Type: research

Finding Good Candidates for Risk-Sharing Arrangements
Continued from Part I that discusses the tools device manufacturers can use to manage risk How to find good candidates? Not all devices are created equal. But how can device manufacturers identify the low-hanging fruit for a risk-sharing arrangement? Needless to say, the more characteristics a product has that are associated with successful risk-sharing arrangements, the more such an arrangement is likely to succeed. To illustrate, in Exhibit 1, we chart a select number of risk-sharing arrangements established since 2015 along two key dimensions: product effectiveness and time needed to observe expected outcomes. The findi...
Source: MDDI - April 3, 2018 Category: Medical Devices Authors: Harry Liu and Christine Chen Tags: Contract Manufacturing Design Source Type: news

Integration of recent evidence into management of patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes
Publication date: Available online 26 January 2017 Source:The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology Author(s): Eberhard Standl, Oliver Schnell, Darren K McGuire, Antonio Ceriello, Lars Rydén Cardiovascular outcome trials of antihyperglycaemic drugs and non-statin LDL-cholesterol-lowering drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes who have, or who are at high risk of, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease have provided new evidence that has substantially affected the management of cardiovascular risk in these patients. On the basis of proven cardiovascular and renal benefit, the antihyperglycaemic drugs empagliflozin, lira...
Source: The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology - January 25, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Antidiabetic agents and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart diseases.
This article reviews evidence of benefits and risk of antidiabetic agents in cardiovascular (CV) outcomes, with a focus on medications approved by the FDA since 2008. Peer-reviewed articles were identified from MEDLINE and Current Content database (both 1966 to October 1, 2016) using the search terms insulin, metformin, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, glyburide, glipizide, glimepiride, acarbose, miglitol, albiglutide, exenatide, liraglutide, lixisenatide, dulaglutide, pramlintide, meglitinide, alogliptin, linagliptin, saxagliptin, sitagliptin, canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, colesevalam, bromocriptine, mortality,...
Source: Current Medical Research and Opinion - January 19, 2017 Category: Research Tags: Curr Med Res Opin Source Type: research

Liraglutide improves cardiac function in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic heart failure
ConclusionsThese data provide evidence that treatment with liraglutide is associated with improvement of cardiac function and functional capacity in failing post-ischemic type-2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Source: Endocrine - November 8, 2016 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

EMPA-REG and Other Cardiovascular Outcome Trials of Glucose-lowering Agents: Implications for Future Treatment Strategies in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Abstract During the last decade, the armamentarium for glucose-lowering drugs has increased enormously by the development of DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors, allowing individualization of antidiabetic therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Some combinations can now be used without an increased risk for severe hypoglycemia and weight gain. Following a request of the US Food and Drug Administration, many large cardiovascular (CV) outcome studies have been performed in patients with longstanding disease and established CV disease. In the majority of CV outcome studies, CV ris...
Source: Clinical Therapeutics - May 18, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Schernthaner G, Schernthaner-Reiter MH, Schernthaner GH Tags: Clin Ther Source Type: research

Metformin and sitAgliptin in patients with impAired glucose tolerance and a recent TIA or minor ischemic Stroke (MAAS): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Background: Impaired glucose tolerance is present in one third of patients with a TIA or ischemic stroke and is associated with a two-fold risk of recurrent stroke. Metformin improves glucose tolerance, but often leads to side effects.The aim of this study is to explore the feasibility, safety, and effects on glucose metabolism of metformin and sitagliptin in patients with TIA or minor ischemic stroke and impaired glucose tolerance. We will also assess whether a slow increase in metformin dose and better support and information on this treatment will reduce the incidence of side effects in these patients.Methods/DesignThe ...
Source: Trials - August 5, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Elizabeth OseiSusanne FonvilleAdrienne ZandbergenPaul BrouwersLaus MulderHester LingsmaDiederik DippelPeter KoudstaalHeleen den Hertog Source Type: research

Rationale, design, and organization of a randomized, controlled Trial Evaluating Cardiovascular Outcomes with Sitagliptin (TECOS) in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease
Sitagliptin, an oral dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, lowers blood glucose when administered as monotherapy or in combination with other antihyperglycemic agents. TECOS will evaluate the effects of adding sitagliptin to usual diabetes care on cardiovascular outcomes and clinical safety. TECOS is a pragmatic, academically run, multinational, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, event-driven trial recruiting approximately 14,000 patients in 38 countries who have type 2 diabetes (T2DM), are at least 50 years old, have cardiovascular disease, and have an hemoglobin A1c value between 6.5% and 8.0%. Eligible participan...
Source: American Heart Journal - October 25, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jennifer B. Green, M. Angelyn Bethel, Sanjoy K. Paul, Arne Ring, Keith D. Kaufman, Deborah R. Shapiro, Robert M. Califf, Rury R. Holman Tags: Trial Design Source Type: research

All‐cause mortality and cardiovascular effects associated with the DPP‐IV inhibitor sitagliptin compared with metformin, a retrospective cohort study on the Danish population
ConclusionIn a retrospective analysis, sitagliptin monotherapy compared with metformin monotherapy was not associated with any statistical significant increased risk of all‐cause mortality or the composite endpoint, but was associated with an increased likelihood of changing glucose‐lowering treatment.
Source: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism - September 10, 2013 Category: Endocrinology Authors: N. M. Scheller, U. M. Mogensen, C. Andersson, A. Vaag, C. Torp‐Pedersen Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

All‐cause mortality and cardiovascular effects associated with the DPPIV‐inhibitor sitagliptin compared with metformin, a retrospective cohort study on the Danish population
ConclusionIn a retrospective analysis, sitagliptin monotherapy compared with metformin monotherapy was not associated with any statistical significant increased risk of all‐cause mortality or the composite endpoint, but was associated with an increased likelihood of changing glucose‐lowering treatment.
Source: Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism - August 21, 2013 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Nikolai Madrid Scheller, Ulrik Madvig Mogensen, Charlotte Andersson, Allan Vaag, Christian Torp‐Pedersen Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Efficacy of acute high-intensity interval training in lowering glycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes: diabetes em movimento(r) pilot study.
CONCLUSIONS: HIIT appears to be an effective and safe exercise strategy to acutely control blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes. TRIAL FUNDING AND REGISTRATION: Diabetes em Movimento® is funded by Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology with reference SFRH/BD/47733/2008 and is registered in Current Controlled Trials with reference ISRCTN09240628. PMID: 23757644 [PubMed - in process]
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - June 14, 2013 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Mendes R, Sousa N, Garrido N, Rocha P, Themudo Barata José L, Reis Victor M Tags: Br J Sports Med Source Type: research