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Specialty: Cardiology

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Total 800 results found since Jan 2013.

Abstract 441: Aldosterone-salt Hypertension Depends on the SFO, Central Aldosterone Synthase and MR Specifically in the PVN Poster Session II
We examined the role of the subfornical organ (SFO), aldo synthesized locally in the brain, and MR specifically in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in aldo-salt hypertension. Wistar rats with telemetry probes were treated with chronic intra-cerebroventricular infusion of aldo synthase (AS) inhibitor FAD286 (25 μg/day), MR blocker eplerenone (5 μg/day) or vehicle. After 2 days, subcutaneous (sc) aldo infusion (1 μg/h) was started and saline was provided as drinking water. In a second set of rats with telemetry, electrolytic or sham lesions of the SFO, or bilateral intra-PVN infusion of AAV-MR-siRNA or AAV-SCM-siRN...
Source: Hypertension - October 30, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Huang, B. S., Ahmad, M., Chen, A., White, R. A., Leenen, F. H., Leenen, F. H. Tags: Poster Session II Source Type: research

High glucose induces smad activation via the transcriptional coregulator p300 and contributes to cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy
Background: Despite advances in the treatment of heart failure, mortality remains high, particularly in individuals with diabetes. Activated transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) contributes to the pathogenesis of the fibrotic interstitium observed in diabetic cardiomyopathy. We hypothesized that high glucose enhances the activity of the transcriptional co-activator p300, leading to the activation of TGF-beta via acetylation of Smad2; and that by inhibiting p300, TGF-beta activity will be reduced and heart failure prevented in a clinically relevant animal model of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Methods: p300 activity was as...
Source: Cardiovascular Diabetology - May 5, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Antoinette Bugyei-TwumAndrew AdvaniSuzanne AdvaniYuan ZhangKerri ThaiDarren KellyKim Connelly Source Type: research

TXNIP mediates NLRP3 inflammasome activation in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells as a novel mechanism in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury
Abstract NLRP3 inflammasome is necessary for initiating acute sterile inflammation. Recent studies have demonstrated that NLRP3 inflammasome is up-regulated and mediates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. However, the signaling pathways that lead to the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome by MI/R injury have not been fully elucidated. C57BL/6J mice were subjected to 30 min ischemia and 3 or 24 h reperfusion. The ischemic heart exhibited enhanced inflammasome activation as evidenced by increased NLRP3 expression and caspase-1 activity and increased IL-1β and IL-18 production. Intramyocardial NLRP3 siRN...
Source: Basic Research in Cardiology - July 12, 2014 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Renalase is a novel target gene of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 in protection against cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion injury
Conclusion These findings have revealed renalase as a novel target gene of HIF-1α in protection against myocardial I/R injury, which provided a basis for therapeutic strategies for enhancing cardiomyocyte survival in patients associated with ischaemic heart diseases.
Source: Cardiovascular Research - January 16, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Du, M., Huang, K., Huang, D., Yang, L., Gao, L., Wang, X., Huang, D., Li, X., Wang, C., Zhang, F., Wang, Y., Cheng, M., Tong, Q., Qin, G., Huang, K., Wang, L. Tags: Cardiac biology and remodelling Source Type: research

Reduction of Mitochondria-Endoplasmic Reticulum Interactions by Acetylcholine Protects Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells From Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that ER-mitochondria interplay plays an important role in reperfusion injury in the endothelium and may be a novel molecular target for endothelial protection. Acetylcholine attenuates both intracellular and mitochondrial Ca(2+) overload and protects endothelial cells from H/R injury, presumably by disrupting the ER-mitochondria interaction. PMID: 25977565 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology - May 14, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: He X, Bi XY, Lu XZ, Zhao M, Yu XJ, Sun L, Xu M, Wier WG, Zang WJ Tags: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Source Type: research

Corin is down-regulated and exerts cardioprotective action via activating pro-atrial natriuretic peptide pathway in diabetic cardiomyopathy
Conclusions: Our results indicate that corin plays an important role in cardioprotection by activating pro-atrial natriuretic peptide pathway in DCM. Corin deficiency leads to endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling.
Source: Cardiovascular Diabetology - October 7, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Aiming PangYahui HuPengfei ZhouGuangfeng LongXin TianLi MenYanna ShenYunde LiuYujie Cui Source Type: research

Abstract P086: Superoxide but Not Hydrogen Peroxide Increases Nuclear Translocation of Transcription Factor Sp3 and AT1 Receptor Expression in the Renal Cells Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception
Age-associated oxidative stress causes up-regulation of renal AT1 receptor function (AT1R) and hypertension in aging Fischer Brown Norway (FBN) rats. Here we studied the mechanism of up-regulation of renal AT1R, and further tested superoxide Vs hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) specificity in this phenomenon. We found that transcription factor Sp3 plasmid increased (Control vs Sp3: 0.1165 ± 0.01 vs 0.3810 ± 0.03) while Sp3 siRNA decreased (Control siRNA vs Sp3 siRNA: 1.11 ± 0.25 vs 0.64 ± 0.06) the levels of AT1 receptor protein in human kidney (HK2) cells. Whereas transcription factor NF-kB p-65 plasmid...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Saleem, M. Tags: Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception Source Type: research

Abstract P087: PDI via Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway Regulates Renal AT1 Receptors and Blood Pressure in Aging Rats Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception
Renal angiotensin AT1 receptor (AT1R) plays pivotal role in the regulation of blood pressure (BP). We recently reported that age-associated oxidative stress causes hyper-activation of AT1R and hypertension in the aging Fischer Brown Norway (FBN) rats. Our objective was to understand the mechanism of higher oxidative stress contributing to the impaired AT1R function in the aged FBNs. Nrf2 transcription factor protects kidney from oxidative stress by activating the transcription of diverse antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes. Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (keap1) inhibit Nrf2 activity by sequestering Nrf2 in cytosol. W...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wang, X., Asghar, M. Tags: Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception Source Type: research

Abstract 122: Activation of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related Factor 2 (Nrf2) Enhances Cyclooxygenase 2 Expression via Promoter Antioxidant Response Element in Preglomerular Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (PGVSMCs) Session Title: Concurrent XVIII C: Oxidative Stress II
In conclusion, these results show a novel role of Nrf2 in inducing COX2 expression through binding to promoter ARE in the absence of increased ROS in rat PGVSMCs.
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Luo, Z., Welch, W. J., Wilcox, C. S. Tags: Session Title: Concurrent XVIII C: Oxidative Stress II Source Type: research

CTRP9 Ameliorates Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Through Attenuating Inflammation and Improving Endothelial Cell Survival and Function
In conclusion, CTRP9 ameliorated PH by attenuating inflammation and improving endothelial cell survival and function.
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology - May 1, 2016 Category: Cardiology Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The PTEN/Akt Signaling Pathway Mediates Myocardial Apoptosis in Swine After Coronary Microembolization
Conclusion: This study demonstrates, for the first time, that the PTEN/Akt signaling pathway contributes to cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The data generated from this study provide a rationale for the development of PTEN-based therapeutic strategies for CME-induced myocardial injury.
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics - August 4, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wang, J., Chen, H., Su, Q., Zhou, Y., Liu, T., Li, L. Tags: Experimental Studies Source Type: research

Regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell calcification by syndecan-4/FGF-2/PKC α signalling and cross-talk with TGFβ
ConclusionThis is the first demonstration that syndecan-4 promotes FGF-2 signalling, and in turn, suppresses VSMC mineralization by down-regulating TGF β signalling. Our discoveries that FGF-2 and syndecan-4 expression is increased in mineralizing VSMCs and that PKCα regulates FGF-2 and TGFβ signalling in VSMCs suggests that the syndecan-4/FGF-2/TGFβ signalling axis could represent a new therapeutic target for vascular calcification.
Source: Cardiovascular Research - September 6, 2017 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

BOLA3 Deficiency Controls Endothelial Metabolism and Glycine Homeostasis in Pulmonary Hypertension.
CONCLUSIONS: BOLA3 acts as a crucial lynchpin connecting Fe-S-dependent oxidative respiration and glycine homeostasis with endothelial metabolic re-programming critical to PH pathogenesis. These results provide a molecular explanation for the clinical associations linking PH with hyperglycinemic syndromes and mitochondrial disorders. These findings also identify novel metabolic targets, including those involved in epigenetics, iron-sulfur biogenesis, and glycine biology, for diagnostic and therapeutic development. PMID: 30759996 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation - February 14, 2019 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yu Q, Tai YY, Tang Y, Zhao J, Negi V, Culley MK, Pilli J, Sun W, Brugger K, Mayr J, Saggar R, Saggar R, Wallace WD, Ross DJ, Waxman AB, Wendell SG, Mullett SJ, Sembrat J, Rojas M, Khan OF, Dahlman JE, Sugahara M, Kagiyama N, Satoh T, Zhang M, Feng N, Gorc Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

From traditional pharmacological towards nucleic acid-based therapies for cardiovascular diseases
AbstractNucleic acid-based therapeutics are currently developed at large scale for prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), since: (i) genetic studies have highlighted novel therapeutic targets suggested to be causal for CVD; (ii) there is a substantial recent progress in delivery, efficacy, and safety of nucleic acid-based therapies; (iii) they enable effective modulation of therapeutic targets that cannot be sufficiently or optimally addressed using traditional small molecule drugs or antibodies. Nucleic acid-based therapeutics include (i) RNA-targeted therapeutics for gene silencing; (ii) microRNA-mo...
Source: European Heart Journal - April 29, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

CROT (Carnitine O-Octanoyltransferase) Is a Novel Contributing Factor in Vascular Calcification via Promoting Fatty Acid Metabolism and Mitochondrial Dysfunction.
CONCLUSIONS: CROT is a novel contributing factor in vascular calcification via promoting fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction, as such CROT inhibition has strong potential as an antifibrocalcific therapy. PMID: 33356393 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology - December 24, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Okui T, Iwashita M, Rogers MA, Halu A, Atkins SK, Kuraoka S, Abdelhamid I, Higashi H, Ramsaroop A, Aikawa M, Singh SA, Aikawa E Tags: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Source Type: research