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Condition: Stroke
Infectious Disease: Epidemics

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Total 445 results found since Jan 2013.

With Obesity Epidemic, What’s the Best Way to Get People to Eat Healthfully?
This article describes a study modeling the health and financial impacts of a penny-per-ounce tax on sugar-sweetened beverages, which was supported by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.
Source: RWJF News Digest - Childhood Obesity - May 6, 2013 Category: Eating Disorders and Weight Management Source Type: news

Insulin Resistance, Small LDL Particles, and Risk for Atherosclerotic Disease.
Abstract There is a global epidemic of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus. Insulin resistance (IR) is etiologic for both metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. IR induces a broad range of toxic systemic effects, including dyslipidemia, hypertension, hyperglycemia, increased production of advanced glycosylation end products, increased inflammatory tone, as well as a prothrombotic and pro-oxidative state. Patients with IR are highly vulnerable to the development of accelerated atherosclerosis as well its clinical sequelae, including coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction, carotid artery...
Source: Current Vascular Pharmacology - April 25, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Toth PP Tags: Curr Vasc Pharmacol Source Type: research

Pharmacotherapy of obesity: clinical treatments and considerations.
Abstract Obesity is a world-wide epidemic associated with significant morbidity and mortality which costs billions of dollars per year. The associated related conditions are many and include heart disease, stroke, type II diabetes mellitus, sleep apnea and certain types of cancer. Given that it is a multifactorial problem, the treatments must also address the numerous causes associated with the development of obesity. The neurohormonal regulation of feeding and energy is a complex system often necessitating modification through more than 1 pathway to achieve weight loss. Therefore, in addition to lifestyle changes...
Source: The American Journal of the Medical Sciences - April 1, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Holes-Lewis KA, Malcolm R, O'Neil PM Tags: Am J Med Sci Source Type: research

MicroRNAs In Arterial Hypertension.
Abstract Arterial hypertension is an epidemic currently affecting almost a billion people worldwide. The consequences from high blood pressure vary, from peripheral arterial disease and chronic kidney failure to acute myocardial infarction and stroke. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules comprised of 22-26 nucleotides and provide post-transcriptional protein expression regulation. The many biological processes in which they are implicated, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, cell differentiation and morphogenesis confirms the functional significance of miRNAs. It has been found that...
Source: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry - May 31, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Synetos A, Toutouzas K, Stathogiannis K, Latsios G, Tsiamis E, Tousoulis D, Stefanadis C Tags: Curr Top Med Chem Source Type: research

Correlation between clinical parameters of periodontal disease and mean platelet volume in patients with coronary artery disease: a pilot study.
CONCLUSIONS: Chronic periodontitis in patients with CAD results in an increased MPV that may suggest increased plateletactivity. This observation could indicate a potential pathophysiological link between chronic periodontitis and an increasedrisk of acute coronary syndromes. PMID: 23797433 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Polish Heart Journal - June 26, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Androsz-Kowalska O, Jankowski KJ, Rymarczyk Z, Kowalski J, Pruszczyk P, Górska R Tags: Kardiol Pol Source Type: research

If you could propose one idea to help improve health care delivery in the United States, what would it be?
Thumbnail: Tags: conversationsphrma conversationslarry hausnermyrl weinbergchris hansennancy brownContributors: 11621161115911631173Contributions: Read Larry Hausner's bio Despite the rapid development of innovative technologies in the health care field, we have yet to discover a panacea that will easily transform our health care system into one that provides high-quality and cost-effective care.  What we have discovered and come to agree on over the last decade is that our sick care system must be reconfigured to a health care system that emphasizes wellness and prevention.  For that reason, I offer ...
Source: PHRMA - June 24, 2013 Category: Pharmaceuticals Authors: rlowe Source Type: news

What a jerk: perils in the assessment of psychogenic movement disorders
In 2012, the upstate New York town of LeRoy became something of a neuropsychiatric battleground when it witnessed an outbreak of cases of sudden-onset tic-like behaviour in high-school age girls, many from a single school.1 The ‘Tourette's epidemic’, as it was dubbed by a fascinated world media, attracted different explanations: for every claim that this was ‘mass hysteria’ (ie, conversion disorder), there was an outraged counter-claim to the effect that such a diagnosis was missing a real organic cause of these tics and jerks, variously thought to be PANDAS (a rare and still controversial apparent ...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - July 8, 2013 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Pollak, T. A. Tags: Genetics, Immunology (including allergy), Epilepsy and seizures, Movement disorders (other than Parkinsons), Neurological injury, Pain (neurology), Stroke, Trauma CNS / PNS, Child and adolescent psychiatry, Memory disorders (psychiatry), Somatoform disord Source Type: research

Hypertension-related diseases as a common cause of hospital mortality in Tanzania: a 3-year prospective study
Conclusion: NCDs account for half of all deaths, admissions and hospital days at our Tanzanian hospital and hypertension-related diseases were the most common NCD. Hypertension accounted for 34% of NCD deaths and 15% of all deaths. Hypertension was the second most common cause of death overall and the leading cause of death in patients more than 50 years old. More than half of hypertension-related deaths occurred before retirement age. These findings have important implications for public health and medical education in sub-Saharan Africa, wherein hypertension and related diseases have not traditionally been given a high priority.
Source: Journal of Hypertension - August 16, 2013 Category: Cardiology Tags: ORIGINAL PAPERS: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Atrial fibrillation: Profile and burden of an evolving epidemic in the 21st century
Abstract: Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) represents an increasing public health challenge with profound social and economic implications.Methods: A comprehensive synthesis and review of the AF literature was performed. Overall, key findings from 182 studies were used to describe the indicative scope and impact of AF from an individual to population perspective.Results: There are many pathways to AF including advancing age, cardiovascular disease and increased levels of obesity/metabolic disorders. The reported population prevalence of AF ranges from 2.3%–3.4% and historical trends reflect increased AF incidence. Es...
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - February 4, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jocasta Ball, Melinda J. Carrington, John J.V. McMurray, Simon Stewart Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

As preschool obesity rates dip, Boston Children’s expert suggests feds step to the plate
The scales may not be tipping quite so precipitously for some low-income preschoolers. So says a new report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Nineteen states saw small decreases in obesity rates among preschoolers between 2008 and 2011, while rates held steady in another 20 states. Is this cause for celebration, cautious optimism or concern? Perhaps all of the above, says David Ludwig, MD, PhD, director of the New Balance Foundation Obesity Prevention Center Boston Children’s Hospital. “The report is a small, but encouraging, sign after nearly half a century of bad news.” The latest data...
Source: Thrive, Children's Hospital Boston - September 11, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Lisa Fratt Tags: All posts Childhood obesity Children's in the news Health & wellness Healthful eating Research David Ludwig New Balance Foundation Obesity Prevention Center Source Type: news

The role of diastolic filling in preserving left ventricular stroke volume — An MRI study
In this early part of the 21st century, many countries appear to be experiencing a ‘heart failure epidemic’, with prevalence rates worldwide in the order of 2% and increasing . But despite its significant global impact, there remains considerable debate over the most appropriate way to diagnose heart failure , especially that with a preserved ejection fraction (commonly known as HFPEF). HFPEF, defined as heart failure with a normal, or near normal, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF>50%), now comprises as much as 50–60% of those diagnosed with heart failure .
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - February 18, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: S. Offen, D. Celermajer, C. Semsarian, R. Puranik Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Population-based study of cardiovascular health in Atahualpa, a rural village of coastal Ecuador
The American Heart Association (AHA) recently defined the metrics needed to categorize cardiovascular health (CVH), to implement strategies directed to reduce vascular deaths among US populations . The same could be applied to developing countries, where stroke and cardiovascular diseases will be the next health epidemics due to changes in lifestyle and increased life expectancy . Indeed, the rate of vascular deaths in Latin America is higher than in the developed world; this excess mortality fraction could be related to modifiable factors, including: inadequate access to medical care, increasing obesity and diabetes melli...
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - February 13, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Oscar H. Del Brutto, Milton Santamaría, Elio Ochoa, Ernesto Peñaherrera, Rocío Santibáñez, Freddy Pow-Chon-Long, Mauricio Zambrano, Victor J. Del Brutto Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Walking ‘could save 37,000 lives a year’ report claims
The benefits of walking have been reported across the UK media. The BBC reports that “walking more 'would save thousands' of lives in the UK”. These stories have been prompted by the "Walking Works” report (PDF, 3.4MB). It provides an overview of current evidence on physical inactivity, and makes the case for encouraging more people to take up walking as a form of physical activity. It lays out that a large proportion of the population is not meeting physical activity guidelines and that if more people did so, this could potentially save 37,000 lives a year in England. It also discusses the specific benefits o...
Source: NHS News Feed - October 7, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Cancer Lifestyle/exercise QA articles Source Type: news

Social and spatial patterns of obesity diffusion over three decades in a Norwegian county population: the HUNT Study
Conclusions: The prevalence of obesity increased in all socioeconomic groups in this Norwegian adult county population from the 1980ies up to present time. The data did not suggest increasing relative inequalities, but increasing absolute socioeconomic differences and a geographical diffusion towards rural districts. Public health preventive strategies should be oriented to counteract the obesity epidemic in the population.
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - October 19, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Steinar KrokstadLinda ErnstsenErik SundJohan BjørngaardArnulf LanghammerKristian MidthjellTurid HolmenJostein HolmenHåvard ThoenSteinar Westin Source Type: research

Nox2-Derived Superoxide Contributes to Cerebral Vascular Dysfunction in Diet-Induced Obesity Basic Sciences
Conclusions— Endothelial dysfunction produced by a HFD occurs in a temporal manner and appears much earlier in cerebral arterioles than in carotid arteries. Genetic studies revealed that Nox2-derived superoxide plays a major role in endothelial dysfunction produced by a HFD. Such functional changes may serve to predispose blood vessels to reduced vasodilator responses and thus may contribute to alterations in cerebral blood flow associated with obesity.
Source: Stroke - October 21, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Lynch, C. M., Kinzenbaw, D. A., Chen, X., Zhan, S., Mezzetti, E., Filosa, J., Ergul, A., Faulkner, J. L., Faraci, F. M., Didion, S. P. Tags: Animal models of human disease, Type 2 diabetes, Endothelium/vascular type/nitric oxide, Other Vascular biology Basic Sciences Source Type: research