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Effect of nitrite on the electroencephalographic activity in the healthy brain
ConclusionOur study shows that exogenous sodium nitrite does not alter the electrical activity in the healthy brain. This might be because the sodium nitrite is converted to vasoactive nitric oxide in areas of hypoxia, and in the healthy brain there is no significant amount of conversion due to lack of hypoxia. However, this lack of change in the power spectrum density in healthy people emphasises the specificity of the brain's response to nitrite in disease.
Source: Nitric Oxide - June 27, 2019 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research

Dissociation between macro- and microvascular parameters in the early phase of hemorrhagic shock
Publication date: Available online 31 July 2019Source: Microvascular ResearchAuthor(s): Ronald Lima, Nivaldo Villela, Raquel Castiglione, Maria das Graças C. de Souza, Eliete BouskelaAbstractHemorrhagic shock (HS) therapy is based on macrohemodynamic improvement, but it is not clear if this therapy correlates directly with increases in tissue perfusion. Aiming to clarify this point, we compared norepinephrine (NE, a vasoconstrictor), sodium nitroprusside (NP, a vasodilator) and levosimendan (LEV, an inodilator) treatments on macro and microvascular parameters using the hamster dorsal skinfold chamber preparation. One hour...
Source: Microvascular Research - July 31, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Nitric Oxide-Based Treatment of Poor-Grade Patients After Severe Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
ConclusionsEven in comatose/intubated patients, TCD-guided dual-compartment administration of NO donors probably could reverse macrospasm and seems to be feasible. The number of DCI was much lower than expected in this specific subgroup, indicating that this treatment possibly provides a positive impact on outcomes. A randomized trial should verify or falsify our results.
Source: Neurocritical Care - August 14, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Retrospective Assessment of Desmopressin Effectiveness and Safety in Patients With Antiplatelet-Associated Intracranial Hemorrhage*
Conclusions: DDAVP was associated with a decreased likelihood of intracranial hemorrhage expansion during the first 24 hours. DDAVP administration did not significantly affect serum sodium and thrombotic events during the study period.
Source: Critical Care Medicine - November 16, 2019 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Neurologic Critical Care Source Type: research

Bivalirudin anticoagulation to overcome heparin resistance in a neonate with cerebral sinovenus thrombosis
Anticoagulation in a neonate is a challenge and the availability of anticoagulant options is extremely limited. Here we describe the use of a direct thrombin inhibitor, bivalirudin, in a full-term neonate with symptomatic cerebral sinovenous thrombosis complicated by bilateral thalamic hemorrhagic stroke and intraventricular hemorrhage, who could not be effectively treated with sodium heparin due to heparin resistance (HR) and showed thrombosis regression after start of bivalirudin treatment, without worsening of the hemorrhage. While the use of bivalirudin in neonates has been previously described, the indication of cereb...
Source: Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis - January 1, 2020 Category: Hematology Tags: CASE REPORTS Source Type: research

Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus With Neuropsychological Symptoms: Two Case Reports
We report two such cases. Case 1, a 62-year-old man with a history of a subcortical hemorrhage in the right lateral temporal lobe and a brain infarct in the left medial temporo-occipital lobes, suddenly developed left unilateral spatial neglect and visual object agnosia. Diffusion-weighted imaging indicated status epilepticus, not stroke. His deficits resolved immediately after treatment with diazepam and phenytoin sodium. Case 2, a 61-year-old man with a history of brain infarcts in the right lateral temporal and left medial temporo-occipital lobes, suddenly developed global aphasia and cortical deafness. An MRI revealed ...
Source: Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology - December 1, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Summary: International Kidney Cancer Symposium
Conclusions:  Ideal ischemia time is 20-25 minutes or less improves short and long term renal function. >25 minutes carried 5 year risk of new onset stage 4 CKD No differences on GFR for cold vs. warm ischemia times Preoperative GFR and the percent of kidney preserved was a better predictor of post op GFR.  No ischemia preserves renal function better than warm. Longer cold ischemia times were equivalent to shorter warm ischemia times. Quality and quantity of the remaining kidney is associated with ultimate renal function. Robotics in RCC Surgery Gennady Bratslavsky, MD The opening question ...
Source: Kidney Cancer Association - December 15, 2011 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: news

Sodium Variability and Probability of Vasospasm in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Vasospasm is a well-known complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) that generally occurs 4 –14 days post-hemorrhage. Based on American Heart Association guidelines, the current understanding is that hyponatremic episodes may lead to vasospasm. Therefore, we sought to determine the association between repeated serum sodium levels of aSAH patients and its relationship to radiographic vaso spasm.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 5, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Melissa M.J. Chua, Alejandro Enr íquez-Marulanda, Santiago Gomez-Paz, Yosuke Akamatsu, Mohamed M. Salem, Georgios A. Maragkos, Luis C. Ascanio, Khalid A. Hanafy, Corey R. Fehnel, Christopher S. Ogilvy, Justin Moore, Ajith J. Thomas Source Type: research

Beneficial Effect of Sodium Nitrite on EEG Ischaemic Markers in Patients with Subarachnoid Haemorrhage
AbstractSubarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is associated with long-term disability, serious reduction in quality of life and significant mortality. Early brain injury (EBI) refers to the pathological changes in cerebral metabolism and blood flow that happen in the first few days after ictus and may lead on to delayed cerebral ischaemia (DCI). A disruption of the nitric oxide (NO) pathway is hypothesised as a key mechanism underlying EBI. A decrease in the alpha-delta power ratio (ADR) of the electroencephalogram has been related to cerebral ischaemia. In an experimental medicine study, we tested the hypothesis that intravenous...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 14, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Fabrication of Customizable Intraplaque Hemorrhage Phantoms for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
CONCLUSIONS: The cylindrical IPH phantom accurately modeled the short T1 time characteristic of methemoglobin-laden IPH, with the IPH sites exhibiting little variation in imaging properties over 31 days. Furthermore, MPRAGE images of the anatomical atherosclerosis replicas closely matched those of clinical plaques. In combination, these phantoms will allow for IPH imaging protocol standardization and thus facilitate future multicenter IPH imaging.PMID:35486294 | DOI:10.1007/s11307-022-01722-4
Source: Atherosclerosis - April 29, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Matteo A Bomben Alan R Moody James M Drake Naomi Matsuura Source Type: research

Regulation of Ncbe in the Choroid Plexus of Mice after Hemorrhage-Induced Hydrocephalus
FASEB J. 2022 May;36 Suppl 1. doi: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.S1.R3405.ABSTRACTThe choroid plexus (CP) is a small tissue located inside brain ventricles. It is responsible for the production of most of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); approximately 500 mL of CSF per day in the adult human [1, 2]. CSF production occurs as a net result of transcellular movement of salt and water, carried out by various cellular transporters. Ncbe is a sodium-coupled bicarbonate transporter located in the basolateral membrane of the choroid plexus epithelial (CPE) cells. It transports Na+ and HCO3 - into the cell in exchange for Cl- . Ncbe is the m...
Source: Pharmacological Reviews - May 13, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Laura Ø Johnsen Kathrine A Friis Laura B Ry ø Jacob G Mikkelsen Thomas B Lindhardt Rasmus W Knopper Brian Hansen Jeppe Praetorius Helle H Damkier Source Type: research

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