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Optimizing Emollient Therapy for Skin Barrier Repair in Atopic Dermatitis
CONCLUSION: We provide guidelines for the appropriate dispensation of moisturizers and physiologic lipid-based, barrier repair therapy for the treatment of AD. Both OTC (AtopalmÒ) and Rx (EpiCeramÒ) products are available in the USA with these characteristics.PMID:35065300 | DOI:10.1016/j.anai.2022.01.012
Source: Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology - January 22, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Peter M Elias Source Type: research

Periostin in Allergy and Inflammation
Matricellular proteins are involved in the crosstalk between cells and their environment and thus play an important role in allergic and inflammatory reactions. Periostin, a matricellular protein, has several documented and multi-faceted roles in health and disease. It is differentially expressed, usually upregulated, in allergic conditions, a variety of inflammatory diseases as well as in cancer and contributes to the development and progression of these diseases. Periostin has also been shown to influence tissue remodelling, fibrosis, regeneration and repair. In allergic reactions periostin is involved in type 2 immunity...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - August 27, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Metal allergy after the Nuss procedure for pectus excavatum: a review.
Authors: Gałązka P, Leis K, Kroczek K, Baska A, Kazik J, Czajkowski R Abstract Minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum (MIRPE) technique (the Nuss procedure) is a minimally-invasive method that is commonly used in the treatment of pectus excavatum. An allergic reaction to the metal alloy bar that is implanted in the thorax during the procedure is a reported complication. We briefly review current literature concerning epidemiology, mechanisms and research results of allergic reactions after Nuss bar implantation. This allergic reaction occurs in approximately 2.7% of patients and is caused by metals used in...
Source: Advances in Dermatology and Allergology - February 21, 2021 Category: Dermatology Tags: Postepy Dermatol Alergol Source Type: research

Allergic Immune Diseases and the Risk of Mortality Among Patients Hospitalized for Acute Infection*
The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that comorbid type 2 immune diseases confer protection against morbidity and mortality due to acute infection. Design: Retrospective cohort study of patients hospitalized with an acute infection between November 2008 and January 2016 using electronic health record data. Setting: Single tertiary-care academic medical center. Patients: Admissions to the hospital through the emergency department with likely infection at the time of admission who may or may not have had a type 2 immune-mediated disease, defined as asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, or f...
Source: Critical Care Medicine - November 16, 2019 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Clinical Investigations Source Type: research

Atopic Dermatitis Is a Barrier Issue, Not an Allergy Issue
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing disease that typically manifests in childhood and improves with age. Studies have demonstrated that the presence of AD increases the risk of developing food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and asthma later in life. Although children with AD are more likely to produce allergen-specific immunoglobulin E, there is conflicting evidence that allergen avoidance improves disease severity. Furthermore, food-elimination diets in patients with AD may increase the risk of developing immediate, life-threatening reactions to the removed food. The most effective treatments of AD aim to repair a...
Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America - August 30, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Monica T. Kraft, Benjamin T. Prince Source Type: research

Combining Understanding of Immunological Mechanisms and Genetic Variants Toward Development of Personalized Medicine for Psoriasis Patients
Conclusion Although GWAS contributed insight into the utility of the genotype biomarker to treatment selection, adequately powered prospective studies will be required before clinical application of pharmacogenomics can become a reality. Genotype and phenotype assessment should be facilitated by the availability of detailed molecular analyses and data integration. Careful assessment of prospective GWAS data is essential to integrate findings into the clinical decision-making process, and thereby optimizing the treatment of patients with psoriasis in the future. Author Contributions BY, NG, and WY performed the project. ...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - May 2, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Current Clinical Trials in Pemphigus and Pemphigoid
Conclusions The clinical trials discussed here, which include several trials investigating novel therapeutic targets, demonstrate that translational research in pemphigus and pemphigoid is a fast-growing field. We thus expect that several novel treatments will be shortly available for the treatment of pemphigus and pemphigoid patients. Given the high, and thus far unmet, medical need in this field (110), this is highly encouraging and will hopefully improve the quality of life of the affected patients. In addition to the compounds and targets described here, several new targets have been recently identified in preclinical...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - May 2, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Cross-sectional Survey of Nickel Allergy Management in the Context of Intracardiac Device Implantation.
CONCLUSIONS: There was no consensus regarding the ability of patch testing to accurately determine allergic reactions within cardiac tissue. There was also no agreement on the criteria for patch testing in patients undergoing intracardiac implantation. However, most would inquire about a history of contact sensitivity to previously implanted devices. With a positive patch test, nickel-based intracardiac devices should be avoided, or the decision should be left to the discretion of the cardiologist. PMID: 31045931 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Dermatitis - April 28, 2019 Category: Dermatology Authors: Bahrani B, Moghaddam N, DeKoven J Tags: Dermatitis Source Type: research

Innate Lymphoid Cells: Expression of PD-1 and Other Checkpoints in Normal and Pathological Conditions
Conclusions and Future Perspectives It is now evident that NK/ILC family plays a pivotal role in the immune defenses. Recent studies in murine and human settings demonstrated that the expression of several inhibitory checkpoints, that may be detrimental in the tumor context, is not restricted to T lymphocytes, revealing an important, yet poorly appreciated, contribution of their expression on innate immune cells. Thus, in the recent years different immunotherapy approaches, based on the blockade of inhibitory NK cell receptors, have been developed in order to unleash NK cell cytotoxicity. This is particularly important in...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 25, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

The Emerging Epigenetic Role of CD8+T Cells in Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review
The Emerging Epigenetic Role of CD8+T Cells in Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review Qiancheng Deng1, Yangyang Luo1,2, Christopher Chang3, Haijing Wu1, Yan Ding4* and Rong Xiao1* 1Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China 2Department of Dermatology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China 3Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States 4Department of Dermatology, Hainan Provincial Dermatology Disease Hospital, Haikou, China A...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 17, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Epithelial barrier repair and prevention of allergy
Allergic diseases have in common a dysfunctional epithelial barrier, which allows the penetration of allergens and microbes, leading to the release of type 2 cytokines that drive allergic inflammation. The accessibility of skin, compared with lung or gastrointestinal tissue, has facilitated detailed investigations into mechanisms underlying epithelial barrier dysfunction in atopic dermatitis (AD). This Review describes the formation of the skin barrier and analyzes the link between altered skin barrier formation and the pathogenesis of AD. The keratinocyte differentiation process is under tight regulation. During epidermal...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - February 19, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Elena Goleva, Evgeny Berdyshev, Donald Y.M. Leung Source Type: research

Allergy to Surgical Implants
AbstractSurgical implants are essential elements of repair procedures to correct worn out joints, damaged spinal components, heart and vascular disease, and chronic pain. However, many of the materials that provide stability, flexibility, and durability to the implants are also immunogenic. Fortunately, allergic responses to surgical implants are infrequent. When they do occur, however, the associated pain, swelling, inflammation, and decreased range of motion can significantly impair the implant function. Given the high numbers of joint replacements performed in the developed world, allergic reactions to orthopedic implan...
Source: Clinical Reviews in Allergy and Immunology - September 15, 2018 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

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