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Heart Failure After Ischemic Stroke or TIA in Insulin-Resistant Patients Without Diabetes Treated with Pioglitazone.
Conclusions -In IRIS, with surveillance and dose adjustments, pioglitazone did not increase risk of HF, and conferred net cardiovascular benefit in patients with insulin resistance and cerebrovascular disease. The risk of HF with pioglitazone was not modified by baseline HF risk. The IRIS experience may be instructive for maximizing the net benefit of this therapy. Clinical Trial Registration -URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov Unique identifier: NCT00091949. PMID: 29934374 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation - June 22, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Young LH, Viscoli CM, Schwartz GG, Inzucchi SE, Curtis JP, Gorman MJ, Furie KL, Conwit R, Spatz E, Lovejoy A, Abbott JD, Jacoby DL, Kolansky DM, Ling FS, Pfau SE, Kernan WN, IRIS Investigators Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Relationship Between Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-2 and Left Ventricular Stroke Volume in Patients with Aortic Stenosis
Conclusions In this study, we documented that lower IGFBP-2 levels are independently associated with lower SVi, a powerful predictor of worse outcomes in the mild to moderate AS population. Teaser In aortic stenosis (AS) patients, LV remodeling and function vary extensively from one patient to another. Considering the associations between circulating IGFBP-2 and markers of the metabolic syndrome, the aim of the study was to examine the relationship between circulating IGFBP-2 and left ventricle (LV) pump function as measured by stroke volume index in AS patients with preserved LV ejection fraction.
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - April 30, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Mediterranean diet and physical activity: An intervention study. Does olive oil exercise the body through the mind?
Several studies address how different features of unhealthy lifestyle and obesity are detrimental in cardiovascular disease . The Mediterranean diet, assumed as a paradigm of healthy nutrition, is still studied, envisaging even pharmacological effects . Other scientific contributions, without correct information, could be more negative than useful for the enhancement of healthier behavior: actually, in such studies, the successful counseling focused to secondary prevention-treatment should deserve more emphasis and dissemination. A recent investigation claims that an energy-unrestricted Mediterranean diet supplemented with...
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - May 28, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Daniela Catalano, Guglielmo M. Trovato, Patrizia Pace, Giuseppe Fabio Martines, Francesca M. Trovato Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Hypertension in diabetes: optimal pharmacotherapy.
Authors: Biswas A, Alvarez A, Mukherjee D Abstract Hypertension is commonly associated with diabetes mellitus. The combination of hypertension with obesity and diabetes is a well recognized entity known as the metabolic syndrome, which shares a common pathophysiology of insulin resistance. The individual components of this syndrome act synergistically to substantially increase the risk of renal disease, stroke, coronary artery disease, and death. Hypertension increases both macrovascular and microvascular complications of diabetes such as neuropathy, nephropathy, coronary artery disease, stroke, and retinopathy. He...
Source: Cardiovascular and Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry - November 23, 2014 Category: Cardiology Tags: Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem Source Type: research

G-Protein β 3 -Subunit Gene C825T Polymorphism and Cardiovascular Risk: An Updated Review
Abstract Hypertension is a common disorder of multifactorial origin that constitutes a major risk factor for cardiovascular events such as stroke and myocardial infarction. The subunits of the heterotrimeric G proteins are attractive candidate gene products for susceptibility to hypertension, obesity and insulin resistance syndrome. A polymorphism (825C/T) in exon 10 of the GNB3 gene, encoding for the Gβ3 subunit, has been described. The 825T allele is associated with alternative splicing of the gene and formation of a truncated but functionally active β3 subunit. Many studies have investigated whether carriers ...
Source: High Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Prevention - April 23, 2015 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Neurocognition in treatment-resistant hypertension: profile and associations with cardiovascular biomarkers
Conclusion: Neurocognitive impairments are common in adults with treatment-resistant hypertension, particularly on tests of executive function. Better neurocognition is independently associated with aerobic fitness, microvascular function, and CVRFs.
Source: Journal of Hypertension - March 29, 2019 Category: Cardiology Tags: ORIGINAL PAPERS: Treatment Source Type: research

Polycystic ovary syndrome: a "risk-enhancing" factor for cardiovascular disease
Fertil Steril. 2022 May;117(5):924-935. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.03.009.ABSTRACTPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age and is hallmarked by hyperandrogenism, oligo-ovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology. Polycystic ovary syndrome, particularly the hyperandrogenism phenotype, is associated with several cardiometabolic abnormalities, including obesity, dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, and prediabetes or type 2 diabetes. Many, but not all, studies have suggested that PCOS is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), includi...
Source: Atherosclerosis - May 5, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Carolyn Guan Salman Zahid Anum S Minhas Pamela Ouyang Arthur Vaught Valerie L Baker Erin D Michos Source Type: research

Association of cardiac changes with serum adiponectin and resistin levels in obese and overweight children
Objectives: To investigate serum adiponectin and resistin levels in childhood obesity and their relationship with cardiac changes and insulin resistance. Methods: Seventy-one obese and 24 overweight children and 40 healthy children and adolescents were selected for the study. Height and weight measurements, BMI values and BMI SD score values were obtained for each individual. After blood pressure measurement, left ventricular wall thickness, left ventricular mass, stroke volume, cardiac output, systolic and diastolic functions of the left ventricle were measured using an M-mode, two dimensional color-coded echocardiography...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine - February 19, 2013 Category: Cardiology Tags: Original articles Source Type: research

Good Fat, Bad Fat The Increasingly Complex Interplay of Adipose Tissue and the Cardiovascular System ∗
Obesity is present in more than 30% of adults in the United States and is a known risk factor for a variety of cardiovascular problems, including coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, and stroke (1). Obesity is considered to be present when there is an excess mass of adipose tissue in the body. There is now widespread acceptance of the notion that regional fat stores might have specific local or systemic effects. The best-known example of a local fat depot with a specific effect is the case of excess fat within the abdominal cavity, which seems to contribute to insulin resistance, raised b...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions - July 1, 2013 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Good Fat, Bad Fat: The Increasingly Complex Interplay of Adipose Tissue and the Cardiovascular System∗
Obesity is present in more than 30% of adults in the United States and is a known risk factor for a variety of cardiovascular problems, including coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, and stroke . Obesity is considered to be present when there is an excess mass of adipose tissue in the body. There is now widespread acceptance of the notion that regional fat stores might have specific local or systemic effects. The best-known example of a local fat depot with a specific effect is the case of excess fat within the abdominal cavity, which seems to contribute to insulin resistance, raised bloo...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology - May 13, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sheldon E. Litwin Tags: Cardiometabolic Risk: Editorial Comment Source Type: research

Obesity paradox in peripheral vascular disease
To prevent cardiovascular diseases, it is essential to control risk factors, among which obesity is a world-wide issue that we are currently facing . Obesity was found to be an independent cardiovascular risk factor by the Framingham Heart study, in which the participants were followed up over 26 years; a higher risk was observed in both men and women whose body weights increased after the young adult years . It has been shown that obesity, particularly visceral obesity, is closely related not only to classical cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension, but also to insulin resistance, abn...
Source: Atherosclerosis - June 3, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Johji Kato Tags: Invited Commentaries Source Type: research

Relationship of obesity and insulin resistance with the cerebrovascular reactivity: a case control study
Conclusions: We found a diminished vasomotor reactivity in individuals with obesity which was not explained by the presence of insulin resistance.
Source: Cardiovascular Diabetology - January 3, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Marcela Rodríguez-FloresCarlos Cantú-BritoEduardo García-GarcíaClaudia Cano-Nigenda Source Type: research

The relationship between insulin-sensitive obesity and cardiovascular diseases in a Chinese population: Results of the REACTION study
Conclusion: Both general and abdominal obesity were associated with elevated prevalent cardiovascular diseases and 10-year CHD risk, regardless of the presence or absence of insulin resistance.
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - February 6, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jieli Lu, Yufang Bi, Tiange Wang, Weiqing Wang, Yiming Mu, Jiajun Zhao, Chao Liu, Lulu Chen, Lixin Shi, Qiang Li, Qin Wan, Shengli Wu, Guijun Qin, Tao Yang, Li Yan, Yan Liu, Guixia Wang, Zuojie Luo, Xulei Tang, Gang Chen, Yanan Huo, Zhengnan Gao, Qing Su, Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Metabolic syndrome in the prediction of cardiovascular events: the potential additive role of hsCRP and adiponectin
Conclusions MS is an important predictor of cardiovascular events and is most harmful in combination with high plasma hsCRP. The clustering of components is especially harmful.
Source: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology - September 16, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Santaniemi, M., Ukkola, O., Malo, E., Bloigu, R., Kesaniemi, Y. A. Tags: Original scientific papers Source Type: research

Heartbeat: Highlights from this issue
Prevention of atrial fibrillation (AF) is an urgent unmet clinical need given its association with a higher risk of stroke, heart failure and death. Known risk factors for AF include age, hypertension, body mass index and diabetes as well as markers of systemic inflammation; all of which likely contribute to the high prevalence of this dysrhythmia in our aging, increasingly obese, population. However, there currently are no established biomarkers to help in assessment of AF risk. Adiponectin is an adipocyte-generated hormone with lower levels seen with increased adiposity. Adiponectin has insulin sensitizing, anti-inflamma...
Source: Heart - August 12, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Otto, C. M. Tags: Drugs: cardiovascular system, Hypertension, Epidemiology, Tobacco use Heartbeat Source Type: research

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