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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Use in Warfighting: Benefits, Risks, and Future Prospects
Conclusion The aim of this paper was to examine whether military tDCS use can be efficacious and ethical in military settings. Our assessment is that tDCS offers a number of cognitive, motor, and perceptual enhancement opportunities which could provide value in military situations like training and operations. There is potential scope for use in a number of key areas that directly affect practical battlefield advantage and survivability, such as deceptive capabilities, risk-taking, threat detection, perception, and physiological improvement. Additionally, tDCS has the potential to improve command and control decision maki...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - April 17, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Programming During and After Diabetic Pregnancy: Role of Placental Dysfunction and IUGR
This study demonstrated that the incidence of ischemic heart disease and death were three times higher among men with low birth weight compared to men with high birth weight (5). Epidemiological investigations of adults born at the time of the Dutch famine between 1944 and 1945 revealed an association between maternal starvation and a low infant birth weight with a high incidence of hypertension and coronary heart disease in these adults (23). Furthermore, Painter et al. reported the incidence of early onset coronary heart disease among persons conceived during the Dutch famine (24). In that regard, Barker's findin...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 8, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Automated monitoring compared to standard care for the early detection of sepsis in critically ill patients.
CONCLUSIONS: It is unclear what effect automated systems for monitoring sepsis have on any of the outcomes included in this review. Very low-quality evidence is only available on automated alerts, which is only one component of automated monitoring systems. It is uncertain whether such systems can replace regular, careful review of the patient's condition by experienced healthcare staff. PMID: 29938790 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - June 25, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Warttig S, Alderson P, Evans DJ, Lewis SR, Kourbeti IS, Smith AF Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Endocrine Disruptors and Health Effects in Africa: A Call for Action
Conclusion: To address the many challenges posed by EDCs, we argue that Africans should take the lead in prioritization and evaluation of environmental hazards, including EDCs. We recommend the institution of education and training programs for chemical users, adoption of the precautionary principle, establishment of biomonitoring programs, and funding of community-based epidemiology and wildlife research programs led and funded by African institutes and private companies. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1774 Received: 16 February 2017 Revised: 22 May 2017 Accepted: 24 May 2017 Published: 22 August 2017 Address correspond...
Source: EHP Research - August 23, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Commentary Source Type: research

Ambient Temperature and Stillbirth: A Multi-Center Retrospective Cohort Study
Conclusions: Extremes of local ambient temperature may have chronic and acute effects on stillbirth risk, even in temperate zones. Temperature-related effects on pregnancy outcomes merit additional investigation. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP945 Received: 09 August 2016 Revised: 06 December 2016 Accepted: 22 December 2016 Published: 22 June 2017 Address correspondence to P. Mendola, Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, 6710B Rockledge Dr., Room 3119, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA. Telephone: (301) 496-526...
Source: EHP Research - June 22, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

Air Pollution Emerges as a Top Killer Globally – Part 1
Dark pollution clouds over Cairo. Credit: Khaled Moussa Al-Omrani/IPS.By Martin KhorPENANG, Nov 11 2016 (IPS)New research is showing that air pollution is a powerful if silent killer, causing 6.5 million worldwide deaths as well as being the major cause of climate change.   Air pollution has emerged as a leading cause of deaths and serious ailments in the world.  Emissions that cause air pollution and are Greenhouse Gases are also the main factor causing climate change.Therefore, drastically reducing air pollution should now be treated as a top priority.The seriousness of this problem was highlighted by the heavy smog ...
Source: IPS Inter Press Service - Health - November 11, 2016 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Martin Khor Tags: Environment Headlines Health air pollution Indoor air quality World Health Organization Source Type: news

Reminder: Smoking Hookah For An Hour Is Like Smoking 100 Cigarettes
You hopefully wouldn't smoke 100 cigarettes in 60 minutes -- that's five entire packs of so-called cancer sticks.  If you casually dabble with hookah, however, you might not bat an eye at an hour-long smoking session. New research shows lots of young people don't know that 100 cigarettes and an hour of hookah are about equal in terms of the amount of smoke inhaled -- and therefore in the damage they can cause to a person's health, including increased risk for heart disease, cancers, stroke, blood clots and death, to name a few. A 2005 report by the World Health Organization found that hookah smokers typ...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - August 25, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Ebola Epidemic Takes a Toll on Sierra Leone's Surgeons
This article originally appeared here on ScientificAmerican.com. Thaim Kamara is 60 years old and would like to retire this year. But he is one of only eight remaining surgeons in Sierra Leone, a west African country of about 6 million people. Kamara lost two friends to Ebola in 2014 -- Martin Salia and Thomas Rogers, fellow surgeons at Connaught Hospital in the capital, Freetown. In light of the dire circumstances, Kamara has postponed his plan to retire. Although the rate of new Ebola infections in Sierra Leone, along with neighboring countries Guinea and Liberia, is finally falling, more than 800 health care personnel...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - February 7, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Pure OCD: a rude awakening
You mentally undress your friends, Tony Blair, the lollipop lady. Your thoughts are X-rated. You wonder if you're a paedophile – or just losing your mind. A sufferer describes the nightmare – and dark comedy – of living with pure OCDOn a spring night when I was 15 the mental image of a naked child entered my head and the corners of my world folded in. I put down my cutlery. My throat was closing over. Dad sat across from me, 10,000 miles away, and Mum was hunting draughts at the window.Stoned and smiling, my brother sat next to me, resting his elbows on teenage knees too high for the table. He looked sidelong at Mum ...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - August 31, 2013 Category: Science Tags: The Guardian Psychology Sexuality Mental health & wellbeing Society Features Obsessive-compulsive disorder Life and style Source Type: news