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Total 543 results found since Jan 2013.

Metformin associated with better cardiovascular outcomes than other glycaemic therapies
Context A question exists as to whether the outcome of glycaemic treatment of diabetes varies with the agent used; speculation surrounds whether metformin might be preferable to other treatments. Methods Ghotbi and colleagues performed an epidemiological analysis of 8192 obese patients with diabetes at increased cardiovascular risk participating in the Sibutramine Cardiovascular OUTcomes (SCOUT) trial. Mortality and a combined cardiovascular outcome of non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, resuscitation after cardiac arrest or cardiovascular death were compared among those receiving one of the following interv...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - May 19, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Bloomgarden, Z. T. Tags: Smoking and tobacco, Epidemiologic studies, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Heart failure, Stroke, Hypertension, Diet, Obesity (nutrition), Ischaemic heart disease, Diabetes, Health education, Smoking Therapeutics Source Type: research

Fruit and vegetable consumption is associated with reduced all-cause and cardiovascular mortality
Commentary on: Wang X, Ouyang Y, Liu J, et al.. Fruit and vegetable consumption and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. BMJ 2014;349:g4490 Context Dietary guidelines from around the world recommend the daily consumption of a variety of fruits and vegetables. For example, the ‘5 a day’ public health campaign in the UK encourages people to consume at least five 80 g portions of fruits and vegetables every day. These guidelines are largely based on recommendations from the WHO to consume at least 400&nb...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - January 21, 2015 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Crowe, F. L. Tags: Smoking and tobacco, Epidemiologic studies, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Stroke, Hypertension, Diet, Ischaemic heart disease, Health education, Smoking Therapeutics/Prevention Source Type: research

ACE inhibitors in African Americans with hypertension associated with worse outcomes as compared to other antihypertensives
Commentary on: Bangalore S, Ogedegbe G, Gyamfi J, et al.. Outcomes with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors vs other antihypertensive agents in hypertensive blacks. Am J Med 2015;128:1195–203. Context Hypertension affects one-third of the world's population and remains a leading cause of myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, renal failure and death. Although hypertension control has improved,1 the prevalence is increasing due to an ageing population, rising obesity and a shift towards western lifestyles and disease patterns in low-income and middle-income countries. Hypertension is now also a major contr...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - January 22, 2016 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Lund, L. H. Tags: EBM Prognosis, Epidemiologic studies, Drugs: cardiovascular system, Stroke, Hypertension, Obesity (nutrition), Ischaemic heart disease, Renal medicine, Drugs: musculoskeletal and joint diseases, Health education Source Type: research

Dietary flavonoid intake and incident coronary heart disease: the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study Cardiovascular disease risk
Conclusions: Reported anthocyanidin and proanthocyanidin intakes were inversely associated with incident CHD. There was no significant effect modification by age, sex, race, or region of residence.
Source: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - October 31, 2016 Category: Nutrition Authors: Goetz, M. E., Judd, S. E., Safford, M. M., Hartman, T. J., McClellan, W. M., Vaccarino, V. Tags: Nutritional Epidemiology Research Articles Cardiovascular disease risk Source Type: research

Atrial fibrillation is associated with cognitive decline in stroke ‐free subjects: The Tromsø Study
ConclusionAF in stroke‐free participants was independently associated with cognitive decline as measured with the tapping test.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: European Journal of Neurology - September 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Sweta Tiwari, Maja ‐Lisa Løchen, Bjarne K. Jacobsen, Laila A. Hopstock, Audhild Nyrnes, Inger Njølstad, Ellisiv B. Mathiesen, Kjell A. Arntzen, Jocasta Ball, Simon Stewart, Tom Wilsgaard, Henrik Schirmer Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Correlation Between Intracranial Arterial Calcification and Imaging of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Conclusion: Intracranial artery calcification is common in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease and the intracranial carotid artery is most frequently affected. Intracranial arterial calcifications might be associated with imaging markers of SVD and are highly correlated with WMHs, lacunes, and CMBs. Quantification of calcification on CT provides additional information on the pathophysiology of SVD. Intracranial arterial calcification could act as a potential marker of SVD. Introduction Atherosclerosis is a systemic vascular process that is considered a major cause of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular di...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 30, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Long-term Fine Particulate Matter Exposure and Nonaccidental and Cause-specific Mortality in a Large National Cohort of Chinese Men
Conclusions: Long-term exposure to PM2.5 was associated with nonaccidental, CVD, lung cancer, and COPD mortality in China. The IER estimator may underestimate the excess relative risk of cause-specific mortality due to long-term exposure to PM2.5 over the exposure range experienced in China and other low- and middle-income countries. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1673 Received: 24 February 2017 Revised: 01 September 2017 Accepted: 05 September 2017 Published: 07 November 2017 Address correspondence to M. Zhou, National Center for Chronic Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control ...
Source: EHP Research - November 7, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

Salt cuts have 'saved lives,' says study
Conclusion This UK study used serial cross-sectional data collected as part of the Health Survey for England, the National Diet and Nutrition Survey, and the Office for National Statistics between 2003 and 2011. It found that average blood pressure and salt intake fell significantly, and there was a reduction in the number of deaths from stroke and heart disease. The researchers only looked at people who were not taking blood pressure medications or other drugs that might affect blood pressure. After adjusting for some relevant confounders, there was still a significant decrease in blood pressure between 2003 and 2011 (sys...
Source: NHS News Feed - April 15, 2014 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Heart/lungs Food/diet Source Type: news

How Do Recurrent and First-Ever Strokes Differ in Rehabilitation Outcomes?
Conclusions: Recurrent stroke patients made less functional gains compared to first-ever stroke patients. However, improvements were still significant and these patients should be offered comprehensive inpatient rehabilitation to optimize outcomes. To Claim CME Credits: Complete the self-assessment activity and evaluation online at http://www.physiatry.org/JournalCME CME Objectives: Upon completion of this article, the learner will be able to: (1) Describe unique demographics, and characteristics of recurrent stroke patients admitted for inpatient rehabilitation; (2) Differentiate functional outcomes between first-ever ...
Source: American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation - September 20, 2016 Category: Rehabilitation Tags: Original Research Articles CME Article . 2016 Series . Number 10 Source Type: research

Regular activity may help some people stay 'fat and fit'
Conclusion As people often say, if exercise was a medicine, it would be hailed as a miracle cure. This study suggests that what we already know about the benefits of exercise may extend to reducing risk of cardiovascular disease for middle aged and older people, even if they are overweight or obese. But the study has some limitations. This type of study can't prove that one factor – exercise – is responsible for the lower risk of heart attack and stroke among overweight or obese people who exercise more. It's possible that other factors are important – for example people's income may be linked to their opportuniti...
Source: NHS News Feed - March 2, 2017 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Obesity Lifestyle/exercise Heart/lungs Source Type: news

Ambient Ozone Pollution and Daily Mortality: A Nationwide Study in 272 Chinese Cities
Conclusions: Our findings provide robust evidence of higher nonaccidental and cardiovascular mortality in association with short-term exposure to ambient ozone in China. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1849 Received: 4 March 2017 Revised: 3 October 2017 Accepted: 20 October 2017 Published: 21 November 2017 Address correspondence to H. Kan, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, P.O. Box 249, 130 Dong-An Road, Shanghai 200032, China. Telephone: 86 (21) 5423 7908. Email: kanh@fudan.edu.cn and M. Zhou, National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chines...
Source: EHP Research - November 21, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

The contribution of diet and lifestyle to socioeconomic inequalities in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality
Conclusion: The socioeconomic distribution of diet, smoking and alcohol consumption largely explained the inequalities in CHD and stroke in the Netherlands. These findings need to be considered when developing policies to reduce socioeconomic inequalities in cardiovascular diseases.
Source: International Journal of Cardiology - September 3, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Caroline Méjean, Mariël Droomers, Yvonne T. van der Schouw, Ivonne Sluijs, Sébastien Czernichow, Diederick E. Grobbee, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Joline W.J. Beulens Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Socioeconomic factors and use of secondary preventive therapies for cardiovascular diseases in South Asia: The PURE study
Conclusion The use of secondary preventive drug therapies in patients with known CHD or stroke in South Asia is low with over 80% receiving none of the effective drug treatments. Low household wealth is the most important determinant.
Source: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology - September 11, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gupta, R., Islam, S., Mony, P., Kutty, V. R., Mohan, V., Kumar, R., Thakur, J., Shankar, V. K., Mohan, D., Vijayakumar, K., Rahman, O., Yusuf, R., Iqbal, R., Shahid, M., Mohan, I., Rangarajan, S., Teo, K. K., Yusuf, S. Tags: Original scientific papers Source Type: research

Clinical round-up
HIV and stroke The association between HIV infection and coronary heart disease and haemorrhagic stroke has already been described1–3 but less is known about ischaemic stroke. Sico et al4 looked at the risk factors for ischaemic stroke in HIV+ individuals as part of the Veterans Administration Cohort Study, a study of clinical and laboratory data sets collected from 99 688 US veterans. They compared HIV+ patients with HIV– controls matched for age, sex race/ethnicity and clinical site over a 6-year period from 2003 to 2009, and after women and those with baseline cardiovascular disease (CVD) or stroke were...
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - January 20, 2016 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Herbert, S., Haddow, L. Tags: Epidemiologic studies, Drugs: infectious diseases, HIV/AIDS, Contraception, Drugs: obstetrics and gynaecology, Reproductive medicine, HIV / AIDS, Gonorrhoea, HIV infections, Health education, Smoking Clinical round-up Source Type: research