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Specialty: Cancer & Oncology
Cancer: Bone Cancers

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Total 114 results found since Jan 2013.

Circadian clock components ROR α and Bmal1 mediate the anti-proliferative effect of MLN4924 in osteosarcoma cells.
In this study, we demonstrate that MLN4924 suppresses osteosarcoma cell proliferation by inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Our results indicate that MLN4924 stabilizes the retinoid orphan nuclear receptor alpha (RORα) by decreasing its ubiquitination. RNA interference of RORα attenuates the anti-proliferative effect of MLN4924 in U2OS osteosarcoma cells. MLN4924 up-regulates the expression of p21 and Bmal1, two transcriptional targets of RORα. However, p21 plays a minimal role in the anti-proliferative effect of MLN4924 in U2OS osteosarcoma cells. In contrast, Bmal1 suppression by siRNA attenuates the anti-...
Source: Oncotarget - September 10, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Downregulation of DNA-PKcs suppresses P-gp expression via inhibition of the Akt/NF- κB pathway in CD133-positive osteosarcoma MG-63 cells.
In this study, CD133+ and CD133‑negative (CD133‑) MG‑63 cells were isolated by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS). We verified that CD133+ MG‑63 cells were more resistant to cisplatin (CDDP) than CD133‑ MG‑63 cells. DNA‑dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA‑PKcs) and P‑glycoprotein (P‑gp) were expressed at higher levels in the CD133+ MG‑63 cells compared with those levels in the CD133‑ MG‑63 cells, whereas downregulation of DNA‑PKcs by small interfering RNA (siRNA) decreased chemoresistance to CDDP and P‑gp expression at the mRNA and protein levels in these cells. This indi...
Source: Oncology Reports - August 9, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research

Notch1 is associated with the multidrug resistance of hypoxic osteosarcoma by regulating MRP1 gene expression.
In this study, to further evaluate the role of hypoxia and Notch1 on drug resistance of OS, we investigated the influence of inhibiting Notch1 pathway by Notch1 small interference RNA (siRNA) on human MG-63 OS cells in hypoxia. Our data showed that hypoxia promoted OS cell proliferation, induced the G0/G1-S-G2/M phase transition, and increased multidrug resistance of human OS cells. Western blot analysis suggested that hypoxia increased the expression of HIF-1α, Notch1, and multidrug resistance protein-1 (MRP1) in human OS cells. Notch1 siRNA inhibits proliferation and increases apoptosis of hypoxic OS cells. Finally, the...
Source: Neoplasma - July 28, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Li C, Guo D, Tang B, Zhang Y, Zhang K, Nie L Tags: Neoplasma Source Type: research

Silencing of hERG1 Gene Inhibits Proliferation and Invasion, and Induces Apoptosis in Human Osteosarcoma Cells by Targeting the NF-κB Pathway
In this study, hERG1 transcript and protein levels in osteosarcoma cells and tissues were measured using semi-quantitative real time PCR (RT-PCR), Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. The effects of hERG1 knockdown on osteosarcoma cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion were examined using CCK-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, caspase-3 activity, wound healing and transwell based assays. Furthermore, semi-quantitative RT-PCR, Western blot and a luciferase reporter assay were used to assess the effects of hERG1 inhibition on the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. In addition, the effect of NF-κB p65-...
Source: Journal of Cancer - June 5, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Wenrong Zeng, Qingjun Liu, Zhida Chen, Xinyu Wu, Yuanfu Zhong, Jin Wu Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Overexpression of EZH2 is associated with the poor prognosis in osteosarcoma and function analysis indicates a therapeutic potential.
In this study, we examined EZH2 expression by immunohistochemistry in a large series of osteosarcoma tissues in association with tumor characteristics and patient outcomes. EZH2 expression was also analyzed in a microarray dataset of osteosarcoma. Results showed that higher expression of EZH2 was significantly associated with more aggressive tumor behavior and poor patient outcomes of osteosarcoma. We subsequently investigated the functional and therapeutic relevance of EZH2 as a target in osteosarcoma. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that EZH2 expression was significantly associated with more aggressive tumor behav...
Source: Oncotarget - May 27, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Elevated expression of matrix metalloproteinase-3 in human osteosarcoma and its association with tumor metastasis.
CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that MMP-3 expression is deregulated in osteosarcomas and this potentially contributes to metastasis and might be a promising marker for the prognosis and therapy of metastatic osteosarcoma. PMID: 27061553 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of B.U.ON. - April 12, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: J BUON Source Type: research

MiR-34a-5p promotes the multi-drug resistance of osteosarcoma by targeting the CD117 gene.
Authors: Pu Y, Zhao F, Wang H, Cai W, Gao J, Li Y, Cai S Abstract An association has been reported between miR-34a-5p and several types of cancer. Specifically, in this study, using systematic observations of multi-drug sensitive (G-292 and MG63.2) and resistant (SJSA-1 and MNNG/HOS) osteosarcoma (OS) cell lines, we showed that miR-34a-5p promotes the multi-drug resistance of OS through the receptor tyrosine kinase CD117, a direct target of miR-34a-5p. Consistently, the siRNA-mediated repression of CD117 in G-292 and MG63.2 cells led to a similar phenotype that exhibited all of the miR-34a-5p mimic-triggered change...
Source: Oncotarget - April 9, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Abstract A18: Epigenetic profiling uncovers the suppressive role of caveolae in Ewing sarcoma
Ewing sarcoma (ES) is the second most common bone tumor in childhood. ES harbors a characteristic gene translocation that gives rise to a fusion protein, most commonly EWS/FLI1 (EF). Caveolin-1 (CAV1) is a direct target of EF, it is overexpressed in ES and has an oncogenic role. CAV1 and the Polymerase I and transcript release factor (PTRF) interact at the plasma membrane and are essential for caveolae formation. The methylome analysis of ES samples and cell lines revealed a hypermethylation in the N-shore islands of the PTRF promoter compared to normal cells. We hypothesize that, as ES cells have very few caveolae and do ...
Source: Cancer Research - April 3, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Huertas–Martinez, J., Court, F., Rello–Varona, S., Martin, D. H., Almacellas, O., Sainz–Jaspeado, M., Garcia–Monclus, S., Lagares–Tena, L., Buȷ, R., Hontecillas–Prieto, L., Mateo–Lozano, S., Sastre, A., Azo Tags: Epigenetics Source Type: research

Knockdown of receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 inhibits cell proliferation and colony formation in osteosarcoma cells by inducing arrest in cell cycle progression.
Authors: Huang J, Shi Y, Li H, Tan D, Yang M, Wu X Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant tumor of the bone, with a high mortality rate and poor prognosis. Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2) has been reported to be dysregulated in human malignancies. More recently, ROR2 has been demonstrated to promote OS cell migration and invasion. However, the role of ROR2 in the regulation of OS cell proliferation, as well as the underlying molecular mechanism, remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of ROR2 in osteosarcoma growth. Reverse transcripti...
Source: Oncology Letters - January 21, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Lett Source Type: research

Study of the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effects of transglutaminase II on apoptosis in the osteosarcoma MG-63 cell line under hypoxic conditions.
Authors: Wang G, Fu L, Chen F Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between the apoptosis phenomenon in the MG-63 osteosarcoma cell line, and transglutaminase II (TG2) expression. The relationship between the anti-apoptotic mechanism of TG2 and the expression of cytochrome c as well as caspase-3 under hypoxic conditions was also verified. A hypoxic culture of MG-63 cells was prepared. The hypoxia and TG2 siRNA hypoxia groups were established, and the cultures were incubated for 12 h under hypoxic conditions. TG2 activity, TG2 protein expression and its mRNA level were investigated...
Source: Oncology Letters - January 21, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Lett Source Type: research

Abstract A155: Small molecule metabolic inhibitors, compound A and the derivatives specifically inhibit the cell growth of Ewing's sarcoma cells harbor EWS-FLI1 in vitro and in vivo
Conclusions: Compound A and its derivatives may be a therapeutic agent with potent antitumor activity for Ewing's sarcoma patients.Citation Format: Hiromichi Kosaka, Yasuo Watanabe, Michihiro Maemoto, Masamori Sugawara, Miwa Watanabe, Yoko Ono, Yoshisuke Nakasato, Masahiro Matsubara, Ryuichiro Nakai. Small molecule metabolic inhibitors, compound A and the derivatives specifically inhibit the cell growth of Ewing's sarcoma cells harbor EWS-FLI1 in vitro and in vivo. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2015 Nov 5-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (P...
Source: Molecular Cancer Therapeutics - January 7, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kosaka, H., Watanabe, Y., Maemoto, M., Sugawara, M., Watanabe, M., Ono, Y., Nakasato, Y., Matsubara, M., Nakai, R. Tags: Therapeutic Agents: Other: Poster Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

PAI‐1, a target gene of miR‐143, regulates invasion and metastasis by upregulating MMP‐13 expression of human osteosarcoma
In this study, we examined the biological role and mechanism of miR‐143 in the metastasis of human osteosarcoma cells. We identified plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) as a direct target gene of miR‐143. To determine the role of PAI‐1 in human osteosarcoma cells, siRNA was transfected into 143B cells for knockdown of PAI‐1 expression. An in vitro study showed that downregulation of PAI‐1 suppressed cell invasion activity, but not proliferation. Moreover, injection of PAI‐1 siRNA into a primary lesion in the osteosarcoma mouse model inhibited lung metastasis compared to control siRNA‐injected mice, ...
Source: Cancer Medicine - January 1, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Mio Hirahata, Mitsuhiko Osaki, Yusuke Kanda, Yui Sugimoto, Yusuke Yoshioka, Nobuyoshi Kosaka, Fumitaka Takeshita, Tomohiro Fujiwara, Akira Kawai, Hisao Ito, Takahiro Ochiya, Futoshi Okada Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

CD151 knockdown inhibits osteosarcoma metastasis through the GSK-3β/β-catenin/MMP9 pathway.
Authors: Zhang Z, Wang F, Li Q, Zhang H, Cui Y, Ma C, Zhu J, Gu X, Sun Z Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary bone malignancy with a high early metastatic propensity. It is crucial to find specific protein targets to develop therapeutic strategies against this lethal disease. Tetraspanin CD151 is involved in facilitating tumor metastasis. However, the role and molecular mechanism of CD151 in promoting OS metastasis remain enigmatic. In the present study, we used small interfering RNA (siRNA) to inhibit CD151 expression in highly metastatic OS cells and the results demonstrated that CD151 knockdown inhibited thei...
Source: Oncology Reports - December 29, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research

Focal adhesion kinase overexpression and its impact on human osteosarcoma.
Authors: Ren K, Lu X, Yao N, Chen Y, Yang A, Chen H, Zhang J, Wu S, Shi X, Wang C, Sun X Abstract Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) has been implicated in tumorigenesis in various malignancies. We sought to examine the expression patterns of FAK and the activated form, phosphorylated FAK (pFAK), in human osteosarcoma and to investigate the correlation of FAK expression with clinicopathologic parameters and prognosis. In addition, the functional consequence of manipulating the FAK protein level was investigated in human osteosarcoma cell lines. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect FAK and pFAK in pathologic arc...
Source: Oncotarget - September 26, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 regulates angiogenesis in a transforming growth factor β‐dependent manner in human osteosarcoma
Angiogenesis plays an important role in tumor growth and metastasis and has been reported to be inversely correlated with overall survival of osteosarcoma patients. It has been shown that apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1), a dually functional protein possessing both base excision repair and redox activities, is involved in tumor angiogenesis, although these mechanisms are not fully understood. Our previous study showed that the expression of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) was significantly reduced in APE1‐deficient osteosarcoma cells. Transforming growth factor β promotes cancer metastasis through vario...
Source: Cancer Science - September 25, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Xuan Jiang, Jinlu Shan, Nan Dai, Zhaoyang Zhong, Yi Qing, Yuxing Yang, Shiheng Zhang, Chongyi Li, Jiangdong Sui, Tao Ren, Mengxia Li, Dong Wang Tags: Original Article Source Type: research