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Neuroimaging findings and neurological manifestations in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: Impact of cancer and ventilatory support status
This study suggests COVID-19 is associated with neurological manifestations that may be visible with brain imaging techniques such as MRI. In our COVID-19 cohort, there was no association between cancer status and neuroimaging findings. Future studies might include more prospectively enrolled systematically characterized patients, allowing for more rigorous statistical analysis.
Source: PLoS One - March 24, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Lily McCarthy Source Type: research

How AI Is Changing Medical Imaging to Improve Patient Care
That doctors can peer into the human body without making a single incision once seemed like a miraculous concept. But medical imaging in radiology has come a long way, and the latest artificial intelligence (AI)-driven techniques are going much further: exploiting the massive computing abilities of AI and machine learning to mine body scans for differences that even the human eye can miss. Imaging in medicine now involves sophisticated ways of analyzing every data point to distinguish disease from health and signal from noise. If the first few decades of radiology were about refining the resolution of the pictures taken of...
Source: TIME: Health - November 4, 2022 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Alice Park and Video by Andrew D. Johnson Tags: Uncategorized Frontiers of Medicine 2022 healthscienceclimate Innovation sponsorshipblock Source Type: news

Comparison of impedance cardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for the evaluation of cardiac function in early-stage breast cancer patients
Objective. Breast cancer treatment can negatively impact cardiac function in some breast cancer patients. Current methods (MUGA, echocardiography) used in clinical practice to detect abnormal cardiac changes as a result of treatment suffer from important limitations. Use of alternative techniques that would offer safe, inexpensive and non-invasive cardiac function assessment in this population would be highly advantageous. The aim of this study was to examine the agreement between impedance cardiography (ICG) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) in quantifying stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO) and end-d...
Source: Physiological Measurement - November 3, 2021 Category: Physiology Authors: Erifyli Piastopoulou, Parvaiz Ali, Gianfilippo Bertelli, Martyn Heatley, Maung Moe, Chandramohan Murugesan, Gareth Stratton and Michael Lewis Source Type: research

Case Report: Brain Metastasis Confined to the Infarcted Area Following Stroke
Conclusions: Cerebral infarctions can cause neovascularization and disruption of the blood–brain barrier. Moreover, the compartmentalized cavity formed by the ischemic injury may accept a large volume of metastatic tumor cells. Such an altered microenvironment of infarcted tissue would be suitable for the colonization and proliferation of metastatic seed. Further, brain metastases should be considered, in addition to recurrence, when new focal neurological deficits develop in patients with ischemic stroke and comorbid cancer.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - January 29, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A Rare Case of Clival Metastasis in a Patient with Gastric Cancer.
We report a rare case of clival metastasis from gastric cancer. A 73-year-old man with advanced gastric cancer treated with nivolumab as a third-line chemotherapy experienced headache, tongue deviation, and difficulties in speaking clearly. We suspected stroke or brain metastasis, but brain contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a clival mass, diagnosed as clival metastasis from gastric cancer. The tumor could not be identified by plain computed tomography and plain magnetic resonance imaging alone. He received palliative radiotherapy (30 Gy/10 fr); his symptoms improved gradually. Although metastasis fr...
Source: Internal Medicine - December 19, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Intern Med Source Type: research

Sex Differences in Sex Hormone Profiles and Prediction of Consciousness Recovery After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Conclusion: These findings indicate that TBI differentially affects the levels of sex-steroid hormones in men and women patients. Plasma levels of testosterone could be a good candidate blood marker to predict recovery from unconsciousness after sTBI for male patients. Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide and is increasing in incidence (1). Patients with acute severe TBI (sTBI) often develop severe disorders of consciousness, i.e., coma, minimally conscious state or vegetative state. Although many patients may regain consciousness during the 1-month post-TBI p...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 25, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Determinants of exercise intolerance in breast cancer patients prior to anthracycline chemotherapy
We sought to interrogate previous reports that fitness in breast cancer patients was less than expected for community norms. As compared with healthy control subjects, we observed reduced oxygen consumption capacity in recently diagnosed breast cancer patients prior to treatment. This reduced capacity was associated with smaller heart size and reduced peak exercise cardiac output. This may suggest that reduced exercise conditioning is associated with breast cancer risk. AbstractWomen with early ‐stage breast cancer have reduced peak exercise oxygen uptake (peakVO2). The purpose of this study was to evaluate peakVO2 and r...
Source: Physiological Reports - January 10, 2019 Category: Physiology Authors: Rhys I. Beaudry, Erin J. Howden, Steve Foulkes, Ashley Bigaran, Piet Claus, Mark J. Haykowsky, Andre La Gerche Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Chemotherapy induced stroke mimic: 5-Fluorouracil encephalopathy fulfilling criteria for tissue plasminogen activator therapy
Stroke mimics, especially those involving chemotherapy related neurotoxicity, can confound the clinical diagnosis of acute stroke. Here we describe the case of a 63year-old male with a recent history of stage IIIC colon cancer who presented with confusion on the second day of modified FOLFOX6 (5-fluorouracil/oxaliplatin) chemotherapy and subsequently received alteplase, tissue plasminogen activator therapy (tPA), for presumed ischemic stroke. Magnetic resonance imaging scans after tPA administration did not reveal evidence of an infarction and the patients' neurological symptoms resolved completely after discontinuation of...
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - July 6, 2017 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: May Thuy Nguyen, Robyn Stoianovici, Luigi Brunetti Source Type: research

Reflections on the Future of Medicine
Recently, I traveled through China. I climbed mountains, hiked through forests, crossed deep valleys. I visited cities of every size. I floated across lakes and traveled beautiful shorelines churning with life. As a man of a certain age, I began to compare the permanence of the timeless landscape with the evanescence of my own existence. Yet, as a scientist, I knew these reflections were flawed. Scientists are trained to think in terms of aeons, millenia, and lifetimes. Consider the paradox. Is it the solid mountain or fragile the forest that is permanent? Is it the massive shoreline cliffs or the teeming shore life that...
Source: Science - The Huffington Post - January 9, 2017 Category: Science Source Type: news

Cancer-related multiple brain infarctions caused by Trousseau syndrome in a patient with metastatic colon cancer: a case report.
Abstract Thromboembolism that occurs in association with a malignant tumor is known as Trousseau syndrome. We herein present a case of Trousseau syndrome during systemic chemotherapy for metastatic colon cancer. A 65-year-old man with multiple liver metastases underwent primary tumor resection and systemic chemotherapy. Multiple brain infarctions were detected by magnetic resonance imaging immediately after first-line chemotherapy, which was deemed ineffective. There was no evidence of cardioembolic stroke or carotid atherosclerosis. Although the patient was initially asymptomatic, he subsequently developed paraly...
Source: Atherosclerosis - September 8, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Akiyama T, Miyamoto Y, Sakamoto Y, Tokunaga R, Kosumi K, Shigaki H, Kurashige J, Iwatsuki M, Baba Y, Yoshida N, Baba H Tags: Surg Case Rep Source Type: research

Prevalence of Cerebral Small-Vessel Disease in Long-Term Breast Cancer Survivors Exposed to Both Adjuvant Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Breast Cancer
Conclusion More CMBs were found in the aRCeBCS group than in the population-based controls. These vascular lesions potentially mark cerebrovascular frailty that could partially explain the well-documented association between chemotherapy and cognitive dysfunction. No support was found for a radiotherapy-related origin of CMBs.
Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology - February 18, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Koppelmans, Vernooij, Boogerd, Seynaeve, Ikram, Breteler, Schagen Tags: Radiation, Chemotherapy Breast Cancer Source Type: research

Prevalence of Cerebral Small-Vessel Disease in Long-Term Breast Cancer Survivors Exposed to Both Adjuvant Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy.
CONCLUSION: More CMBs were found in the aRCeBCS group than in the population-based controls. These vascular lesions potentially mark cerebrovascular frailty that could partially explain the well-documented association between chemotherapy and cognitive dysfunction. No support was found for a radiotherapy-related origin of CMBs. PMID: 25559803 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Genitourinary Cancer - January 5, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Koppelmans V, Vernooij MW, Boogerd W, Seynaeve C, Ikram MA, Breteler MM, Schagen SB Tags: J Clin Oncol Source Type: research