Estimated doses to the heart, lungs and oesophagus and risks from typical UK radiotherapy for early breast cancer during 2015-2023
Breast cancer radiotherapy can increase the risks of heart disease, lung cancer and oesophageal cancer. At present, the best dosimetric predictors of these risks are mean doses to the whole heart, lungs and oesophagus, respectively. We aimed to estimate typical doses to these organs and resulting risks from UK breast cancer radiotherapy. (Source: Clinical Oncology)
Source: Clinical Oncology - May 6, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Francesca Holt, Addie Ivanova, Zhe Wang, Sarah Darby, Frances Duane, Georgios Ntentas, Sileida Oliveros, Bernadette Lavery, Ketan Shah, Andrew Eichholtz, David Dodwell, Carolyn Taylor (FRCR Source Type: research
Adolescent with painful swallowing
Clinical introduction A healthy 16-year-old boy presented with a 3-day history of odynophagia. This occurred after a football struck his anterior chest and neck region. The odynophagia radiated to the retrosternal area. Dysphagia, dyspnoea and fever were not noted. His only abnormal vital sign was an RR of 24 beats per minute. His neck appeared normal, and his voice exhibited clarity and normal pitch without hoarseness or stridor. The chest radiogram (CXR) was normal. Lateral view neck radiography was performed (figure 1). Question What is the most likely diagnosis? Hyoid bone fracture Retropharyngeal haematoma Pneumomedia...
Source: Emergency Medicine Journal - April 22, 2024 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Liu, E.-J., Wang, C.-Y., Liu, Y.-Y. Tags: EMJ Image Challenge Source Type: research
Diabetes and the gastrointestinal tract
Gastrointestinal (GI) complications of diabetes mellitus are common and substantially decrease health-related quality of life. Diabetes can affect every part of the GI tract, from the oesophagus to the rectum, and causes various symptoms, including reflux, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea and constipation. Diabetes-induced GI complications are collectively referred to as diabetic gastroenteropathy. Over recent years, investigation of the underlying pathogenesis of diabetes-induced GI complications has provided objective evidence of abnormalities in the enteric nervous system, essential for normal moti...
Source: Medicine - April 11, 2024 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Anne-Marie Wegeberg, Christina Brock Tags: New advances Source Type: research
Refining definitions of Barretts oesophagus to improve clinical resource utilisation
Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is a devastating disease with an average 5-year survival of around 15%.1 Moreover, rates of OAC have increased substantially in recent decades, adding greatly to the clinical and economic burden of this disease.2 OAC arises out of a metaplastic precursor in which the normal squamous lining of the oesophagus is replaced with columnar, mucin-secreting cells. This is termed Barrett’s oesophagus (BO) and is thought to form as a protective mechanism in response to gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD). The cells that make up this oesophageal metaplasia can take several forms, roughly be...
Source: Gut - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Stachler, M. D., Ain, Q. U. Tags: Gut Commentary Source Type: research
Understanding the malignant potential of gastric metaplasia of the oesophagus and its relevance to Barretts oesophagus surveillance: individual-level data analysis
Conclusion
SS-GM is a distinct entity from SS-IM and the malignant potential of GM is lower than IM. It is questionable whether SS-GM warrants inclusion in BO surveillance. (Source: Gut)
Source: Gut - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Black, E. L., Ococks, E., Devonshire, G., Ng, A. W. T., ODonovan, M., Malhotra, S., Tripathi, M., Miremadi, A., Freeman, A., Coles, H., Oesophageal Cancer Clinical and Molecular Stratification (OCCAMS) Consortium, Fitzgerald, R. C., Fitzgerald, Nutzinger, Tags: Open access, Gut Oesophagus Source Type: research
Toning down the role of eosinophils in eosinophilic oesophagitis
Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is an immune-mediated disease of uncertain aetiology. The diagnosis of EoE relies on the epithelial infiltration of eosinophils (peak eosinophil count of ≥15 per high-power field (HPF)) and on the presence of symptoms. Consequently, a combined clinical–histological endpoint has been devised to assess response to treatments in clinical trials. Recent guidelines drafted by the British Society of Gastroenterology have confirmed the pivotal role of swallowed topical steroid and, for the first time, explicitly considered the use of biological therapy in case of a coexisting severe allerg...
Source: Gut - April 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Rossi, C. M., Lenti, M. V., Di Sabatino, A. Tags: Gut PostScript Source Type: research
Cancer patterns in Arua district, Uganda: a hospital-based retrospective study
CONCLUSION: There is a high incidence of liver cancer in Arua district. The high levels of cervical, breast and oesophagus cancer were consistent with what is reported by the two PBCRs in Uganda. However, BL could be due to the presence of a BL treatment centre at Kuluva hospital in Arua. Cancer interventions in Arua should therefore be targeted towards liver, cervix, breast, and oesophagus cancer and furthering research on the reason for the high incidence of liver cancer.PMID:38566768 | PMC:PMC10984836 | DOI:10.3332/ecancer.2024.1688 (Source: Ecancermedicalscience)
Source: Ecancermedicalscience - April 3, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Bridget Angucia Sharon Annet Nakaganda Geriga Fadhil Micah June Ezra Anecho Gilbert Aniku Amandua Jacinto Hesborn Wao Jackson Orem Onguru Daniel Source Type: research
