Decreased Mortality of falciparum Malaria in Anemic Prisoners of War?
Abstract
Modern clinical trials have suggested that anemia protects against malaria mortality. Military records of the Second World War in Asia were examined to see if there was support for this hypothesis. When relatively well-nourished Imperial Japanese Navy sailors captured on Nauru (n = 799) were imprisoned on the Fauro Islands, 26% died from falciparum malaria. Similarly treated but very malnourished colocated Imperial Army soldiers experienced low stable malaria mortality. One-fifth of previously healthy Australian Army soldiers (n = 252) retreating from New Britain died largely because of malaria in...
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - September 7, 2020 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Shanks GD Tags: Am J Trop Med Hyg Source Type: research
Temporal variations in the distribution of self-harm episodes and methods across the Australian asylum seeker population: An observational study
by Kyli Hedrick, Gregory Armstrong, Guy Coffey, Rohan Borschmann
BackgroundTemporal patterns in the frequency and characteristics of self-harm episodes across the Australian asylum seeker population may have implications for self-harm prevention and public health policy. The aim of this study was to examine how the distribution of self-harm episodes and method(s) of self-harm used across the Australian asylum seeker population vary according to the 24-hour cycle, day, and month, and to establish a basis for further research. Methods and findingsWe conducted an observational study of all 949 self-harm incidents reported acr...
Source: PLoS Medicine - August 5, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Kyli Hedrick Source Type: research
GSE147110 Analysis of cell-associated DENV RNA by oligo(dT) primed 5' capture scRNAseq
Series Type : Expression profiling by high throughput sequencingOrganism : Dengue virus ; Dengue virus 1 Nauru/West Pac/1974 ; Homo sapiensThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. (Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus)
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - May 16, 2020 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing Dengue virus Dengue virus 1 Nauru/West Pac/1974 Homo sapiens Source Type: research
Culture, climate change and mobility decisions in Pacific Small Island Developing States
AbstractThe Pacific Small Island Developing States are often considered on the frontline of climate change due to high levels of exposure to climate-related hazards and limited adaptive capacity to respond. In this context, Pacific Islanders may be displaced, or choose to migrate to escape risk and find more secure livelihoods. On the other hand, Pacific political and community leaders stress that mobility can be a threat to sovereignty and culture and should only be considered as a last resort. This paper adopts a cultural ecology framing to gain a greater understanding of these contested local discourses on climate chang...
Source: Population and Environment - May 16, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
A comparative ethnography of nutrition interventions: Structural violence and the industrialisation of agrifood systems in the Caribbean and the Pacific
Publication date: Available online 21 March 2019Source: Social Science & MedicineAuthor(s): Marisa Wilson, Amy McLennanAbstractPublic health interventions that involve strategies to re-localise food fail in part because they pay insufficient attention to the global history of industrial food and agriculture. In this paper we use the method of comparative ethnography and the concept of structural violence to illustrate how historical and geographical patterns related to colonialism and industrialisation (e.g. agrarian change, power relations and trade dependencies) hinder efforts to address diet-related non-communicable dis...
Source: Social Science and Medicine - March 21, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Urgent medical attention needed for people on Nauru
Publication date: 27 October–2 November 2018Source: The Lancet, Volume 392, Issue 10157Author(s): Chris McCall (Source: The Lancet)
Source: The Lancet - October 27, 2018 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Body size, body norms and some unintended consequences of obesity intervention in the Pacific islands.
CONCLUSIONS: Body norms and body size interventions exist in an iterative relationship. Our findings suggest that Pacific island obesity interventions do not fail because they conflict with local body norms; rather, they fail because they powerfully re-shape body norms in ways that confuse and counteract their intended purpose. Left unacknowledged, this appears to have (unintended) consequences for the success of anti-obesity interventions.
PMID: 29877154 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of Human Biology)
Source: Annals of Human Biology - June 8, 2018 Category: Biology Tags: Ann Hum Biol Source Type: research
The problem with relying on dietary surveys: sociocultural correctives to theories of dietary change in the Pacific islands.
CONCLUSIONS: Theories of dietary change and DR-NCD emergence and resulting interventions could be improved through a more holistic approach to nutrition that integrates sociocultural and historical evidence about both the target population and the scientists doing the research.
PMID: 29877160 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of Human Biology)
Source: Annals of Human Biology - June 8, 2018 Category: Biology Tags: Ann Hum Biol Source Type: research
The Ethics of Discharging Asylum Seekers to Harm: A Case From Australia
AbstractIn February 2016 a twelve-month-old asylum seeker, who came to be know as Baby Asha, was transferred from Nauru and hospitalized in Brisbane. This case came to public attention after Doctors refused to discharge Asha as she would have been returned to detention on Nauru. What in other circumstances would have been considered routine clinical care, quickly turned into an act of civil disobedience. This paper will discuss the ethical aspects of this case, along with its implications for clinicians and the broader healthcare community. (Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry)
Source: Journal of Bioethical Inquiry - January 24, 2018 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research
Epidemiology of haemodialysis patients and haemodialysis performance in Nauru
ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first study to report the haemodialysis status in Nauru. The epidemiology of haemodialysis patients in Nauru is unique in Central Pacific. Improvement of primary health care in disease detection and prevention of progression should be considered to decrease the need for dialysis and optimise the care of haemodialysis patients in Nauru. (Source: Nephrology)
Source: Nephrology - November 28, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Chia ‐Tien Hsu, Richard Leona, Ming‐Ju Wu Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Epidemiology of haemodialysis patients and haemodialysis performance in Nauru
Nephrology,Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-. (Source: Nephrology)
Source: Nephrology - November 28, 2017 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Chia ‐Tien
Hsu
MD
,
Richard
Leona
MD
,
Ming‐Ju
Wu
MD, PhD Source Type: research
Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128 ·9 million children, adolescents, and adults
Publication date: Available online 10 October 2017 Source:The Lancet Author(s): NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)LeandraAbarca-GómezZiad AAbdeenZargar AbdulHamidNiveen MAbu-RmeilehBenjaminAcosta-CazaresCeciliaAcuinRobert JAdamsWichaiAekplakornKaosarAfsanaCarlos AAguilar-SalinasCharlesAgyemangAlirezaAhmadvandWolfgangAhrensKamelAjlouniNazgulAkhtaevaHazzaa MAl-HazzaaAmani RashedAl-OthmanRajaaAl-RaddadiFadiaAl BuhairanShahlaAl DhukairMohamed MAliOsmanAliAla'aAlkerwiMarAlvarez-PedrerolEmanAlyDeepak NAmarapurkarPhilippeAmouyelAntoinetteAmuzuLars BoAndersenSigmund AAnderssenDolores SAndradeLars HÄngquistRanjit MohanAnj...
Source: The Lancet - October 11, 2017 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Australia and the Nauru files: doctors fighting for the human rights of asylum seekers.
PMID: 28963420 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The British Journal of General Practice)
Source: The British Journal of General Practice - October 1, 2017 Category: Primary Care Authors: Lowth M Tags: Br J Gen Pract Source Type: research
Suicidality in detention centres: a case study
This study offers a unique insight into suicidality in this hard to reach population. (Source: International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care)
Source: International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care - February 21, 2017 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: research
