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Recent Stressful Life Events and Suicidal Ideation in Schizophrenia: A 1-Year Follow-up Study
Half of patients with schizophrenia experience suicidal ideation. Only few studies have examined the effects of recent stress on both current and emergent suicidal ideation. (Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease)
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - February 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Coping Under Extreme Conditions: Do Coping Dispositions Matter
The role of coping dispositions in predicting coping with a potentially traumatic event (PTE; situational coping) has been bypassed. We explored the degree to which the dispositional coping of 103 mountain rescuers predicted coping with their last PTE. Dispositional venting of emotions and turning to religion explained more than half of the variance in the use of the same strategy to cope with the PTE. Most coping dispositions predicted about 30% to 40% of the variance in comparable situational coping. Dispositional denial did not predict situational use of denial. Multivariate dispositional coping style explained a great ...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - February 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Preliminary Data on Gastrointestinal Deficiencies Incidence and the Prevalence of Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among the Medical Workers
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly contagious new β-coronavirus that primarily affects the lungs. Because of its unprecedented spread, in a relatively short interval, it is declared a global pandemic. Binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors, SARS-CoV-2 is easily disseminated through air. Apart from the established clinical panel, individuals exposed to prolonged chronic stress also manifest gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms similar to those exhibited by SARS-CoV-2–infected patients. (Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease)
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - February 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: COVID Source Type: research

Is Ignorance Bliss? Examining the Effect of News Media Exposure on Anxiety and Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic
There has been a widespread increase in affective disorders after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the current study, we investigated the effects of exposure to and perceived accuracy of news media and demographic characteristics on anxiety and depressive symptoms. We conducted an online survey of US adults (N = 480) using hierarchical linear regression models to understand the predictive roles of duration and frequency of news media exposure, as well as the perceived accuracy of COVID-19 portrayal by the news media, on anxiety and depression. Increased exposure duration predicted greater anxiety, and decreased f...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - February 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: COVID Source Type: research

Personality Traits, Media Exposure, and Deterioration of Psychological Wellbeing in Japan During the COVID-19 Pandemic
This study examined the associations among personality traits, media exposure regarding COVID-19, and deterioration of mental wellbeing among the public in Japan. We conducted a cross-sectional Web-based questionnaire survey among 8000 Japanese men and women aged 25 to 64 years. Approximately half of participants reported deterioration of mental wellbeing. Nearly 20% of participants reported “constant/excessive” exposure to media information regarding COVID-19. As compared with those with low “extraversion” and “less frequent” exposure to media information about COVID-19, those with high “extraversion” and ...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - February 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: COVID Source Type: research

Thirty-Minute Psychiatric Management Visits in Academic Medical Centers: Framing and Exploring Distinct Clinical-Educational Social Processes
To address high clinical demand and manage workflow, some university-based practice settings are tending to replace traditional hour-long outpatient appointments with 30-minute psychiatric management visits, which must comply with multiple regulatory requirements for documentation and billing. This care model can significantly shape the culture of psychiatric treatment and education. Based on the limited published literature on this topic and pooled experiences of faculty, residents, and administrators, this article offers observations and raises questions concerning 1) clinical, educational and administrative benefits, li...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - February 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Patients' Perspective of the Impacts of Group Psychoeducation for Bipolar Disorder: A Qualitative Study
Little is known regarding the mechanisms involved in the clinical improvement of patients with bipolar disorder (BD) after group psychoeducation. We aimed at investigating these mechanisms by focusing on their subjective experience. Thirteen patients with BD aged 35.54 (SD, 12.06) were recruited. Interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. Four high-order themes were identified: a) relationship among patients, b) effect of the facilitation style, c) program-related factors, and d) subjective impacts. “Relationships among patients” included a lower-ordered theme evoked by all participants, that is, “shared exper...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - January 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research

Temporal Stability of Dissociative Symptoms in the General Population
The most widely used measure to quantify dissociative symptoms is the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES). However, little information is available concerning its temporal stability. The purpose of this study was to assess the stability of DES scores after 4 years. A total of 316 respondents recruited from a general population in Brazil took part in baseline and follow-up (70.57% were men; mean age = 32.97, SD = 10.95, minimum = 22, maximum = 74). Temporal stability was assessed through test-retest correlations and mean-level stability analyses. We found that the DES total and subscale scores revealed moderate test-retest...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - January 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research

Psychosocial Stress, Social Support, and the Escalation of Schizotypal Symptoms
In this study, 131 young adults completed measures of schizotypal symptoms, major life events, daily hassles, and perceptions of social support at baseline, and measures of stress and symptoms again 4 to 6 weeks later. Results indicated, after controlling for baseline measures, that for those scoring low on schizotypal measures at baseline, only low levels of social support were associated with increased symptoms. For those scoring high on the schizotypal scales at baseline, however, both major life events and daily hassles were associated with increased symptomatology, but only when perceptions of social support at baseli...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - January 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Shame in Response to Affective Expression and Its Relation to Social Anhedonia and Schizotypy Traits
Schizotypy is marked by negative symptoms including blunted affect, social isolation, and social anhedonia. Contemporary personality theory suggests that maladaptive shame regulation may disrupt interpersonal function across personality disorders. We hypothesized that “affect shame”—a conditioned response of shame evoked by openly expressing emotions would co-occur with interpersonal deficits in schizotypy. As hypothesized, affect shame was associated with interpersonal deficits (r = 0.17, p (Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease)
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - January 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Exploring Factors Associated With Depressive Symptoms Among Patients With Chronic Pain: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study
This cross-sectional study examined the factors associated with depression among people with chronic pain (PwCP) attending specialized pain clinics in Muscat, Oman. Two-hundred eighty-seven participants were recruited for the study, and univariate analyses were used to investigate the difference between individuals who scored above/below the cutoff points for depressive symptoms. A multiple regression analysis was used to detect the independent predictors. Twenty-six percent of participants scored above the cutoff point. Further analysis indicated that unstable family relationships pre-existing depressive symptoms (odds ra...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - January 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

A Visual Task-Based Assessment of Theory of Mind and Social Perception Within Bipolar Disorder
This study assessed the manifestation of TOM and SP in a BD sample. Twenty-six individuals diagnosed with BD and 25 controls were recruited and assessed for TOM, SP, and functioning. Whereas differences were observed regarding functional outcome, differences were not observed regarding social cognitive performance, regardless of facet. Correlations between social cognitive and functional outcome domains were nonsignificant, whereas significant associations were observed between the social cognitive measures. Results suggest that despite functional differences, TOM and SP, independent of facet assessed, seem preserved withi...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - January 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Conditional Process Modeling of the Relationship Among Self-Reliance, Loneliness, and Depressive Symptoms, and the Moderating Effect of Feeling Understood
Self-reliance features as one of the notable male norms espoused by traditional masculine socialization. Strict adherence to a self-reliant attitude has been found to confer risk for depression and suicidality among men. Yet, little research has investigated the factors that may contribute to self-reliance having a negative impact for men. Using data from a large sample of Canadian men (N = 530), the present study examined the association between self-reliance and depression, while also assessing the roles of loneliness and not feeling understood as contributing factors in this process. Findings indicated that the moderate...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - January 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Is Gratitude Associated With Suicidal Ideation in Veterans With Mental Illness and Student Veterans With PTSD Symptoms?
This study partially supports the association between gratitude and SI in veterans with mental illness. Based on the results from this study, gratitude interventions may be effective in reducing SI when working with veterans with mental illness. (Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease)
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - January 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

A Retrospective Evaluation on Demographic, Phenomenological, and Comorbidity Features of Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
The impacts of sex, age of onset, phenotype, and comorbidity on clinical features were explored in a large clinical sample with pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (p-OCD) (n = 457), along with concomitant specific features in the framework of different symptom dimensions/phenotypes, by a retrospective cross-sectional evaluation design. The most prevalent phenotype was obsession/checking (almost half), and the clinical features belonging to different phenotypes varied among sexes, age of onset, severity, and comorbidities. The contamination and aggressive obsessions, along with the compulsions such as cleaning and repe...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - January 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research