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Prevalence, Factor Structure, and Heritability of Avoidant Personality Disorder
To review the community prevalence, factor structure, and heritability of avoidant personality disorder (AVPD), we reviewed the literature of empirical studies reported between years 1980 and 2020. Community point prevalence rates ranged from 0.8% to 5%, with one study of women older than 25 years finding a lifetime rate of 9.3%. A weighted point prevalence for studies involving both men and women was 3.3%. All factor analytic studies indicated a one factor solution. The themes were social inadequacy, feeling inferior, and fears of social rejection. Family studies of heritability for AVPD ranged from 0.18 to 0.56. Twin stu...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - October 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Impact of Parental Impulsivity on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder: Do Mothers' Attitudes Predict Symptom Severity in Children?
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder that occurs early in school-aged children, and it is highly comorbid with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Parents of children with ADHD frequently show mental problems related to impulsivity. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between impulsivity of the mothers and the symptom patterns and severity of children. A total of 85 children between the ages of 6 and 12 and their mothers participated. Conners' Parent and Teacher Scales, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders, and ıowa gambling t...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - October 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Psychological Strain and Suicidal Behaviors Among Medical Students in Northwest, China: The Mediating Effect of Psychological Distress and Hopelessness
Although most studies have shown the psychological strains associated with increased risk of suicidal behaviors, how psychological strains are linked to suicidal behaviors is still unclear. The current study examines the possible mediation effect of psychological distress and hopelessness on the relationship between psychological strains and suicidal behaviors among Chinese medical college students. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from November 2017 to March 2018 involving 5703 medical college students, and the 12-month prevalence of suicidal behaviors was 12.89%. Psychological strains significantly associated with ...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - October 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Interpersonal and Social Functioning Among Psychotherapy Patients: The Indirect Effect of Childhood Adversity
This study examined the mediating role of pathogenic beliefs on the relationship between patients’ recollections of experienced adverse parenting in childhood and adult interpersonal and social problems. A total of 210 psychotherapy outpatients rated their experiences of perceived adverse parenting in childhood and completed measures of psychological distress, interpersonal problems and social impairment, and internalized beliefs about self and others. Significant mediation effects were observed for two of the three belief domains: “cannot rely on others” and “undeserving.” Although both were significant mediator...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - October 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

How Positive Are Conversion Disorder Diagnoses?: Patterns of Referral to a Functional Neurology Clinic
In conclusion, positive signs are diagnostically helpful but are only reported in a minority of assessments. A significant group of those currently believed to have conversion disorder would not meet the revised diagnostic criteria based on this. (Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease)
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - October 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Early Trauma Is Associated With Suicidal Ideation in Patients With Panic Disorder
This study aimed to examine whether early trauma is associated with suicidal ideation in patients with PD. Our study included 267 patients with PD and 105 controls. Data on sociodemographic variables and data from the Early Trauma Inventory Self Report–Short Form, Beck Depression Inventory, Panic Disorder Severity Scale, Anxiety Sensitivity Inventory–Revised, Coping Scales, and Scale for Suicide Ideation were collected, and correlation and regression analyses were performed. This study suggests that clinicians should consider early trauma when assessing suicidal ideation in patients with PD. Clinicians could consider a...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - October 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Frequency of Anxiety, Depression, and Irritability Symptoms in Children During the COVID-19 Outbreak and Potential Risk Factors Associated With These Symptoms
In conclusion, this study revealed that the COVID-19 outbreak may have serious effects on the mental health of children, and the study highlighted potential risk factors. (Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease)
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - October 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Moral Injury and Burnout in Health Care Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic
The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) is predicted to increase burnout in health professionals (HPs), but little is known about moral injury (MI) in this context. We administered the Moral Injury Symptoms Scale for Health Professionals (MISS-HP) and the abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory via online survey to a global sample of 1831 HPs in April and October 2020. Mean MISS-HP increased from 27.4 (SD, 11.6) in April to 36.4 (SD, 13.8) in October (p (Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease)
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - October 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

God Representation Types Are Associated With Levels of Personality Organization and Christian Religious Orthodox Culture
This exploratory study shows that God representation types are associated with levels of personality organization. Among two Dutch samples of psychiatric patients (n = 136) and nonpatients (n = 161), we found associations between the psychotic, borderline, and neurotic personality organizations, and passive-unemotional, negative-authoritarian, and positive-authoritative God representation types, respectively. Both patients and nonpatients reported positive God representations, but only nonpatients and higher-level functioning patients reported an integrated God-object relation. For persons with personality pathology, the r...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - October 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Who Uses Veterans Mental Health Services?: A National Observational Study of Male Veteran and Nonveteran Mental Health Service Users
Mental health (MH) research among veterans receiving services from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is extensive and growing and informs many clinical practice guidelines. We used nationally representative survey data to examine the generalizability of this extensive body of research by comparing sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of male veteran veterans health service (VHS) users (n = 491) with veteran non-VHS users (n = 840) and nonveteran (n = 6300) MH service users. VHS users were older, more often reported Black race, and less likely to have private or Medicaid insurance, but had similar prevalence...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - October 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Accepting the Incomprehensible: What Samuel Beckett Can Tell Psychiatrists Today
The aim of this article is to propose that reading Samuel Beckett's novels can improve compassionate acceptance of mental phenomena and human behavior deemed incomprehensible. In a narrative inquiry into all of Beckett's novels, we could discern nihilism and existential insecurity as themes both central to Beckett's prose and relevant in working with people with severe mental disorders. By deconstructing narrative structures and struggling to say the unsayable, Beckett can provide a perspective that goes beyond rational understanding. Beckett's prose can extend our imagination of mental and embodied phenomena by describing...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - October 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Minority Women
No abstract available (Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease)
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - October 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Commentary Source Type: research

Suicide Prevention: An Ethically and Scientifically Informed Approach. Samuel J. Knapp (2019) Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. 255 pp.
No abstract available (Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease)
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - September 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Book Review Source Type: research

Depression: A Gut “Microbiome” Feeling!
Burgeoning body of evidence from neuroscience is pouring in highlighting a potential association between gut microbiota with the pathophysiology of depression and anxiety. Manipulation of gut microbiota may be then useful to decode this role and to provide novel therapeutics for major depressive disorder (MDD), developing microbiota-related biomarkers to stratify patients at risk and to delineate more homogeneous biotypes of MDD. (Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease)
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - September 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

Schizophrenia and Dental Health: A Systematic Review
Schizophrenia is characterized not only by psychopathological symptoms but also by medical comorbidities. Among the latter, there are limited data on dental health. We conducted a systematic review with the primary aim of clarifying the extent of the relationship between dental diseases and schizophrenia. The second aim was to delineate an intervention program based on illness-related factors that influence dental health. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses statement for reporting systematic reviews was used. Only articles published in English language peer-reviewed journals were consider...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - September 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Review Article Source Type: research