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Role of Social Media in Psychiatry During Pandemic: A Potential Risk for Suicidal Ideation
The COVID-19 pandemic brought with itself significant mental health challenges owing not only to the morbidity and mortality from the infection but also to mitigation strategies of social distancing and self-isolation. Indeed, in the absence of adequate pharmaceutical aids, quarantine and social distancing measures are taken to limit the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Thus, living in the world of social media, the average usage of social media could be expected to show a sharp rise as measures of social distancing and quarantine are adopted to contain the pandemic. In this context, social media could be thought of as an a...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - September 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Commentary Source Type: research

How Exercise Protects Against Mild Cognitive Impairment in Nursing Home–Dwelling Older Adults: A Path Analysis
To explore how exercise protects against mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from physical, psychological, and social perspectives, we conducted a cross-sectional study in four nursing homes in Changchun, China, selected by convenience sampling. A total of 338 older adults aged 60 years or more with normal cognition or MCI were included. Data including demographic characteristics, exercise habits, frailty status, depression, sleep quality, social support, and cognitive status were collected. Weighted least squares estimation with mean and variance adjusted chi-square and bootstrapping with 2000 resamples were used to conduct t...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - September 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Autistic Personality Traits and Treatment Outcome for Alcohol Use Disorders
The importance of personality traits for the outcome of psychiatric treatment, including treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), has been widely acknowledged. Also, research on autism spectrum disorders has evolved in recent years, emphasizing that the behavioral traits within these neuropsychiatric disorders exist on a dimension both within and outside the boundaries of psychopathology. In the present study, the relationship between personality traits associated with autistic functioning and level of alcohol use among patients before and after concluded AUD treatment was investigated. The participants (n = 165, diagnose...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - September 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Attached to Virtual Dreams: The Mediating Role of Maladaptive Daydreaming in the Relationship Between Attachment Styles and Problematic Social Media Use
Maladaptive daydreaming describes excessive fantasy activity that interferes with an individual's life. Surprisingly, the precursors of maladaptive daydreaming and its role in excessive involvement in virtual worlds have been scarcely investigated. In the current study, we examined the relationships among attachment styles, maladaptive daydreaming, and problematic social media use (PSMU) in a sample of community-dwelling adults. Eight hundred seventy-seven participants between 18 and 68 years old were recruited via an online survey and asked to fill out self-reported measures on attachment styles, maladaptive daydreaming, ...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - September 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Emotion Regulation Difficulties and Depression Among Individuals With Dermatological and Body Dysmorphic Concerns
This study integrates divergent literatures and suggests the important role of ER difficulties in depression in this unique sample, thereby highlighting directions for future investigation. (Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease)
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - September 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Difference and Disdain as Indicators of the Public Stigma of Mental Illness
This study tests whether three emotions—intergroup anxiety, anger, and empathy—mediate the path between difference and disdain. Six hundred thirty-eight research participants from MTurk provided valid responses to an online survey via Qualtrics. The survey used standardized measures of difference, disdain, intergroup anxiety, anger, and empathy. The hypothesized path model was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). Fit indicators from SEM and corresponding betas supported a two-mediator model. Specifically, difference was found to be significantly associated with disdain. The path between the two was positive...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - September 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Is Increased Intracranial Pressure a Factor in Persistent Headache After Coronavirus Disease 2019?
This study aimed to determine pain characteristics in patients with persistent headache after COVID-19 and to investigate the role of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in the pathogenesis of this headache. This is a case-control study comparing the parameters and measurements indicating increased ICP based on magnetic resonance imaging between COVID-19–diagnosed patients with persistent headache and a control group. Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) and eyeball transverse diameter (ETD) were performed on the left eye of each participant. Seventeen of the patients (53.12%) met the diagnostic criteria for new daily pe...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - September 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Alexithymia Is Associated With Internalizing Disorders in a Clinical Adolescent Outpatient Sample
The aim of this study was to investigate alexithymic traits in an adolescent clinical sample with internalizing and externalizing disorders. The study group consisted of 125 adolescents aged between 12 and 17 years who applied at our outpatient unit and diagnosed with an internalizing or externalizing disorder. The healthy control group consisted of 53 adolescents with no psychiatric disorder. All subjects fulfilled the Alexithymia Questionnaire for Children (AQC). Total AQC scores were higher in the study group than in the control group. When we divided the study group into two groups as internalizing and externalizing di...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - September 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Self-Injury Is My Drug: The Functions of Describing Nonsuicidal Self-Injury as an Addiction
Adolescents and emerging adults who engage in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) often participate in online activity regarding their self-injury. Of particular importance are the potential benefits and risks associated with online NSSI activity, including how individuals describe their NSSI experiences. One way that individuals describe these experiences is by discussing NSSI as an addiction. Accordingly, we used thematic analysis to explore why individuals may use addiction references to describe their NSSI experiences. To do this, we examined 71 posts from a popular NSSI social network. Four themes emerged: difficulty inher...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - September 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

What Ever Happened to Nostalgia (the Diagnosis)?
Nostalgia and homesickness are not currently regarded as mental disorders. The psychic pain associated with longing to return home had been considered a mental disorder for centuries, especially in Europe, where it was a sign of moral weakness between nations. Nostalgia's effects on American Civil War soldiers—anxiety, depression, and sleep and appetite disturbances, for example—were described by clinicians and linked to significant morbidity and mortality. Since then, although these effects of combat have been of interest, focus has shifted to psychic trauma, relegating the concept of nostalgia to an unclassified but ...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - September 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Addressing Suffering in Patients With Psychiatric Disorders
Conclusions and Implications Ascertaining sources of suffering may require new types of inquiry and additional time. Well-described, evidence-informed strategies and time-honored psychotherapy techniques are available for addressing the numerous concerns that contribute to suffering. Patients with psychiatric disorders whose distinct, multidimensional sources of suffering are identified, acknowledged, and addressed may experience better treatment quality, greater treatment satisfaction, and possibly better outcomes than those whose clinicians' attention is limited to conventional psychiatric signs and symptoms. (Source...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - September 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Clinical Handbook of Fear and Anxiety: Maintenance Processes and Treatment Mechanisms. Jonathan S. Abramowitz and Shannon M. Blakey, Eds. (2019) Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. 399 pp.
No abstract available (Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease)
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - August 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Book Reviews Source Type: research

The Psychiatric Evaluation and Treatment of Refugees. J. David Kinzie, MD, and George A. Keepers, MD, Eds. (2020) Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association Publishing. 222 pp.
No abstract available (Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease)
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - August 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Book Reviews Source Type: research

Thought Process Evolved From Rigid to Flexible in a Patient With Bipolar Disorder Via “Return to Work Program”: A Case Report
In conclusion, a variety of effects of our return to work program might have enabled her thought process to evolve from rigid to flexible, and she showed successful reinstatement. (Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease)
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - August 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

The Dual Burden of HIV Infection and First-Episode Psychosis in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to synthesize data on HIV prevalence in individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and to provide an overview of the association of HIV with clinical variables of FEP. Electronic databases were searched for quantitative studies published from January 1986 to November 2019. Meta-analyses were undertaken to calculate the pooled HIV/FEP proportion based on random effects modeling with inverse variance method. Seven HIV/FEP studies from sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) met inclusion criteria. The prevalence of HIV in FEP ranged from 24% to 40%, and FEP in people living with HIV (P...
Source: The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease - August 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research