Musculoskeletal Health in Premature Ovarian Insufficiency. Part One: Muscle
This article is the first of a two-part review which describes estrogen signaling in muscle and its role in musculoskeletal health and disease. Current evidence regarding the utility of available diagnostic tests and therapeutic options is also discussed. A literature review from January 2000 to March 2020 was conducted to identify relevant studies. Women with POI experience significant deterioration in musculoskeletal health due to the loss of protective effects of estrogen. In addition to bone loss, muscle decay and dysfunction is now increasingly recognized. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of validated tools to assess ...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - January 8, 2021 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Samad, Navira Nguyen, Hanh H. Scott, David Ebeling, Peter R. Milat, Frances Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Symptoms of Adenomyosis and Overlapping Diseases
Semin Reprod Med 2020; 38: 144-150 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721795To summarize and update our current knowledge regarding adenomyosis diagnosis, prevalence, and symptoms. Systematic review of PubMed between January 1972 and April 2020. Search strategy included: “adenomyosis [MeSH Terms] AND (endometriosis[MeSH Term OR prevalence study [MeSH Terms] OR dysmenorrhea[Text Word] OR prevalence[Text Word] OR young adults [Text Word] OR adolesce* [Text Word] OR symptoms[Text Word] OR imaging diagnosis [Text Word] OR pathology[Text Word]. Articles published in English that addressed adenomyosis and discussed prevalence, diagnosis, an...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - December 22, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Isaacson, Keith Loring, Megan Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Tubal Flushing Treatment for Unexplained Infertility
Semin Reprod Med 2020; 38: 074-086 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721720Tubal patency testing was initially introduced as a diagnostic test. However, it has been observed that some tubal patency tests also have a therapeutic effect. This therapeutic effect can be influenced by the contrast medium used during tubal flushing. In this review, we discuss current evidence associated with different methods for tubal flushing and their potential impact on reproductive outcomes in women with unexplained infertility. Furthermore, we discuss their diagnostic accuracy, safety, and cost-effectiveness. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 S...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - December 18, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Welie, Nienke van Ludwin, Artur Martins, Wellington P. Mijatovic, Velja Dreyer, Kim Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Eye to the Future in Adenomyosis Research
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721503Adenomyosis is a poorly understood and clinically underappreciated gynecologic disorder associated with substantial morbidity including dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, heavy menstrual bleeding, infertility, and poor pregnancy outcomes. Substantial gaps persist in our understanding of essentially all aspects of this disorder – epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. In this article, we summarize current thoughts on future directions in basic, translational, and clinical adenomyosis research. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Sevent...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - December 11, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Halvorson, Lisa M. Giudice, Linda C. Stewart, Elizabeth A. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Weight Cycling in Women: Adaptation or Risk?
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721418Obesity, dieting, and weight cycling are common among reproductive-age women. Weight cycling refers to intentional weight loss followed by unintentional weight regain. Weight loss is accompanied by changes in gut peptides, adipose hormones, and energy expenditure that promote weight regain to a tightly regulated set point. While weight loss can improve body composition and surrogate markers of cardiometabolic health, it is hypothesized that the weight regain can result in an overshoot effect, resulting in excess weight gain, altered body composition, and negative effects on surro...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - December 7, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Carey, Katelyn J. Vitek, Wendy Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
The Role of Oocyte Quality in Explaining “Unexplained” Infertility
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721377Infertility is described as unexplained when pregnancy does not occur despite ovulation, patent Fallopian tubes, and normal semen parameters. Oocyte developmental competence (or quality) is rate-limiting for pregnancy success as oocytes provide virtually all the cellular building blocks including mitochondria required during embryogenesis. However, available tests estimate oocyte numbers (anti-Müllerian hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and antral follicle count) and ovulation (luteal phase serum progesterone) but not the third, and most pivotal, oocyte-specific parameter, q...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - November 24, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Homer, Hayden Anthony Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Transvaginal Sonographic Imaging and Associated Techniques for Diagnosis of Ovarian, Deep Endometriosis, and Adenomyosis: A Comprehensive Review
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718740Imaging of endometriosis and in particular deep endometriosis (DE) is crucial in the clinical management of women facing this debilitating condition. Transvaginal sonography (TVS) is the first-line imaging method and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may provide supplemental information. However, the delay in diagnosis of up to 10 years and more is of concern. This problem might be overcome by simple steps using imaging with emphasis on TVS and referral to tertiary care. Finally, TVS is crucial in mapping extent and location of disease in planning surgical therapy and counseling w...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - November 24, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Aas-Eng, Mee Kristine Montanari, Eliana Lieng, Marit Keckstein, Joerg Hudelist, Gernot Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Unexplained Infertility
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721425 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - November 24, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Mol, Ben W. Hart, Roger J. Tags: Preface Source Type: research
New Perspectives on Adenomyosis
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721376 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - November 24, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Halvorson, Lisa M. Tags: Preface Source Type: research
Imaging Diagnosis of Adenomyosis
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1719017Uterine adenomyosis can be diagnosed on ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a high degree of accuracy. Adenomyosis is a myometrial process that can appear as diffuse or focal on imaging. Diffuse adenomyosis typically causes uterine enlargement, while focal adenomyosis can mimic other myometrial lesions, such as leiomyomas. Imaging features frequently seen on US include a heterogenous thickened myometrium and myometrial cysts. On MRI, widening of the junctional zone, whether focal or diffuse, and the presence of myometrial cysts, either simple or hemorrh...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - November 16, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: O'Shea, Aileen Figueiredo, Gabrielle Lee, Susanna I. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Cellular Origins of Endometriosis: Towards Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713429Endometriosis remains an enigmatic disease of unknown etiology, with delayed diagnosis and poor therapeutic options. This review will discuss the cellular, physiological, and genomic evidence of Sampson's hypothesis of retrograde menstruation as a cause of pelvic endometriosis and as the basis of phenotypic heterogeneity of the disease. We postulate that collaborative research at the single cell level focused on unlocking the cellular, physiological, and genomic mechanisms of endometriosis will be accompanied by advances in personalized diagnosis and therapies that target unique ...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - November 11, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Filby, Caitlin E. Rombauts, Luk Montgomery, Grant W. Giudice, Linda C. Gargett, Caroline E. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Physiomimetic Models of Adenomyosis
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1719084Adenomyosis remains an enigmatic disease in the clinical and research communities. The high prevalence, diversity of morphological and symptomatic presentations, array of potential etiological explanations, and variable response to existing interventions suggest that different subgroups of patients with distinguishable mechanistic drivers of disease may exist. These factors, combined with the weak links to genetic predisposition, make the entire spectrum of the human condition challenging to model in animals. Here, after an overview of current approaches, a vision for applying ph...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - November 9, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Gnecco, Juan S. Brown, Alex T. Kan, Ellen L. Baugh, Lauren Ives, Clara Loring, Megan Griffith, Linda G. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Is Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection the Solution for all in Unexplained Infertility?
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1719085Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was first introduced as a supplemental method to conventional in vitro fertilization (c-IVF) for couples with severe male factor infertility to overcome the poor fertilization rate, while its indications expanded in current clinical practice and gained worldwide popularity. However, ICSI is invasive and crosses all natural barriers, raising several unresolved concerns regarding procedure-dependent and procedure-independent risks, as well as the characteristic of being labor-intensive and more expensive than c-IVF. This review is aimed to dr...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - November 5, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Zheng, Danni Nguyen, Quynh N. Li, Rong Dang, Vinh Q. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Current and Future Surgical and Interventional Management Options for Adenomyosis
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718921Historically, hysterectomy has been the recommended treatment for patients with adenomyosis. However, in the past two decades, various uterine-sparing treatment methods have emerged. These range from excisional techniques such as adenomyomectomy or wedge resection to uterine artery embolization, radiofrequency thermal ablation, hysteroscopic excision, endometrial ablation, and high-intensity focused ultrasound. While largely investigative for the treatment of adenomyosis, these procedures have demonstrated improvement in symptoms including abnormal uterine bleeding, dysmenorrhea,...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - November 5, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Chen, Joseph Porter, Anne E. Kho, Kimberly A. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Treatment Strategies for Unexplained Infertility
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1719074Unexplained infertility is a common diagnosis among couples with infertility. Pragmatic treatment options in these couples are directed at trying to improve chances to conceive, and consequently intrauterine insemination (IUI) with ovarian stimulation and in vitro fertilization (IVF) are standard clinical practice, while expectant management remains an important alternative. While evidence on IVF or IUI with ovarian stimulation versus expectant management was inconclusive, these interventions seem more effective in couples with a poor prognosis of natural conception. Strategies s...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - October 29, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Wang, Rui van Eekelen, Rik Mochtar, Monique H. Mol, Femke van Wely, Madelon Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
