“Don't We Take Care of Our Veterans?” The Critical Need for Veteran's Health Services Infertility Services for Veterans: Policies, Challenges, and Opportunities
We describe the need for policy and expansion of services for infertility care in the Department of Defense and Veterans Health Administration, and the challenges and opportunities that exist. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Article in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - May 7, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Woodruff, Lee Mottla, Gilbert Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Gynecologic Oncology in the Department of Defense
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1709706Gynecologic oncology existed within the Department of Defense (DOD) prior to its recognition as a separate subspecialty of obstetrics and gynecology. Military gynecologic oncologists were among the founders of the specialty and continue a tradition of leadership and engagement within the field at the national and international level. The full range of gynecologic oncology services is located at the military's largest medical centers, acknowledging the team approach with multiple subspecialties necessary to provide the highest standard of modern gynecologic cancer care. Gynecologi...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - April 30, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Hamilton, Chad A. Maxwell, George L. Casablanca, Yovanni Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Fertility Preservation Before Deployment: Oocyte and Sperm Freezing in Members of the Active Duty Military
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1701633Active duty military service and deployment has the potential to compromise fertility through combat-related genitourinary injury, gonadotoxic exposures, and physical separation from a partner. Despite a growing interest among the military community as well as promising efficacy and safety data, fertility preservation remains an uncovered benefit for active duty soldiers. In 2016, the Pentagon proposed a program that would cover oocyte and sperm cryopreservation for any member of the active duty military desiring its use. Regrettably, that funding was not secured and predeploymen...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - February 9, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Martini, Anne E. Doyle, Joseph O. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Contraception and Unintended Pregnancy in the Military Healthcare System
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3400461The number of women serving in the Armed Forces is growing and readiness has been decreed as the number 1 priority for the total Army. Provision of contraception and unintended pregnancy rates higher than the general population are two key factors in readiness of female soldiers. An in-depth review of women's healthcare in the military identified these two areas of women's health as greatly understudied. Long-acting reversible contraception provides effective and cost-efficient method for contraception and a proven way to decrease unintended pregnancy. Increased research and focu...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - February 3, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Heitmann, Ryan J. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Progesterone Elevation and Preventive Strategies to Avoid Implantation Failure
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1700531Despite the wide utilization of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs, progesterone elevation (P4E) in the late follicular phase occurs in 5 to 30% of all ovarian stimulation (OS) cycles. Although the detrimental effect of P4E on pregnancy rates in fresh in vitro fertilization cycles is valid in all subsets of cases, higher levels of P4 and a longer duration of P4E may be needed in patients with a hyper-ovarian response in order for a negative impact on pregnancy rates to occur. Available preclinical and clinical data suggest that aggressive OS with high doses of follicle-stimul...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - January 22, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Bozdag, Gurkan Turkyilmaz, Esengul Yildiz, Sule Mumusoglu, Sezcan Yarali, Hakan Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
KISS1/KISS1R and Breast Cancer: Metastasis Promoter
Semin Reprod Med 2019; 37: 197-206 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3400968Kisspeptins (KPs), peptide products of the kisspeptin-1 (KISS1) gene, are the endogenous ligands for the KISS1 receptor, KISS1R, which is a G protein-coupled receptor. In many human tumors, KISS1 functions as a metastasis-suppressor gene and KISS1/KISS1R signaling has antimetastatic and tumor-suppressor roles. On the contrary, emerging evidence indicates that the KP/KISS1R pathway plays detrimental roles in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), the most difficult type of breast cancer to treat. TNBC patients initially respond to chemotherapy, but tumors acquire ...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - January 22, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Guzman, Stephania Brackstone, Muriel Wondisford, Frederic Babwah, Andy V. Bhattacharya, Moshmi Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Phoenixin and Its Role in Reproductive Hormone Release
Semin Reprod Med 2019; 37: 191-196 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3400964Phoenixin is novel neuropeptide, recently identified following the description of a peptide sequence highly conserved across several animal species, including humans, cows, and pigs. Expressed both centrally in the hypothalamus and arcuate nucleus and peripherally in cardiac and gastrointestinal tissue, it appears to modulate reproductive hormone secretion in a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone–dependent manner and may also influence anxiety and memory. While there remains much to be described regarding its signaling, this review assesses the currently available...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - January 22, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Clarke, Sophie A. Dhillo, Waljit S. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Regulation of Pregnancy: Evidence for Major Roles by the Uterine and Placental Kisspeptin/KISS1R Signaling Systems
Semin Reprod Med 2019; 37: 182-190 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3400966Several studies provide strong evidence suggesting that in addition to central kisspeptin/KISS1R signaling, the peripheral uterine- and placental-based kisspeptin/KISS1R signaling systems are major regulators of pregnancy. Specifically, the evidence suggests that the uterine-based system regulates embryo implantation and decidualization, while both the uterine- and placental-based systems regulate placentation. Uterine kisspeptin and KISS1R regulate embryo implantation by controlling the availability of endometrial glandular secretions, like leukemia inhibitory ...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - January 22, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Radovick, Sally Babwah, Andy V. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
DLK1, Notch Signaling and the Timing of Puberty
Semin Reprod Med 2019; 37: 174-181 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3400963The factors that trigger human puberty are among the central mysteries of reproductive biology. Several approaches, including mutational analysis of candidate genes, large-scale genome-wide association studies, whole exome sequencing, and whole genome sequencing have been performed in attempts to identify novel genetic factors that modulate the human hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis to result in premature sexual development. Genetic abnormalities involving excitatory and inhibitory pathways regulating gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion, represented ...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - January 22, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Macedo, Delanie B. Kaiser, Ursula B. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Evolutionary Conservation of MKRN3 and Other Makorins and Their Roles in Puberty Initiation and Endocrine Functions
Semin Reprod Med 2019; 37: 166-173 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3400965Puberty is a critical period of development regulated by genetic, nutritional, and environmental factors. The role of makorin ring finger protein 3 (MKRN3) in the regulation of pubertal timing was revealed when loss-of-function mutations were identified in patients with central precocious puberty (CPP). To date, MKRN3 mutations are the most common known genetic cause of CPP. MKRN3 is a member of the makorin family of ubiquitin ligases, together with MKRN1 and MKRN2. The Mkrn genes have been identified in both vertebrates and invertebrates and show high evolution...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - January 22, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Naul é, Lydie Kaiser, Ursula B. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Neuropeptide Control of Puberty: Beyond Kisspeptins
Semin Reprod Med 2019; 37: 155-165 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3400967Puberty is a fundamental developmental event in the lifespan of any individual, when sexual and somatic maturation is completed, and reproductive capacity is achieved. While the tempo of puberty is under strong genetic determination, it is also modulated by a wide array of internal and environmental cues, including, prominently, nutritional and metabolic signals. In the last decade, our understanding of the neurohormonal basis of normal puberty and its perturbations has enlarged considerably. This is illustrated by the elucidation of the essential roles of kissp...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - January 22, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Barroso, Alexia Roa, Juan Tena-Sempere, Manuel Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Kisspeptin, Neurokinin B and New Players in Reproduction
Semin Reprod Med 2019; 37: 153-154 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1701704 Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Article in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - January 22, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Dhillo, Waljit S. Tags: Preface Source Type: research
Waljit S. Dhillo, MD
Semin Reprod Med 2019; 37: 151-152 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1701703 Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.Article in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - January 22, 2020 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Legro, Richard S. Tags: Introduction Source Type: research
Should We Make More Bone or Not, As Told by Kisspeptin Neurons in the Arcuate Nucleus
Semin Reprod Med 2019; 37: 147-150 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3400238Since its initial discovery in 2002, the neuropeptide Kisspeptin (Kiss1) has been anointed as the master regulator controlling the onset of puberty in males and females. Over the last several years, multiple groups found that Kiss1 signaling is mediated by the 7TM surface receptor GPCR54. Kiss1 mRNA is highly enriched in the basal medial and lateral subregions of the arcuate nucleus (ARC) in the medial basal hypothalamus. Thus, Kiss1ARC neurons reside in a unique anatomical location ideal for sensing and responding to circulating steroid hormones as well as nutr...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - December 22, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Herber, Candice B. Ingraham, Holly A. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Kisspeptin and Glucose Homeostasis
Semin Reprod Med 2019; 37: 141-146 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3400242Kisspeptin has well-established critical roles in the control of reproduction and fertility. Recently, evidence has emerged that suggests kisspeptin may have additional roles in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Conflicting reports on the effects of kisspeptin on insulin secretion in animal models have been published, which cannot be fully accounted for by the different kisspeptin isoforms and range of kisspeptin doses used in these studies. Human studies have demonstrated associations between circulating kisspeptin levels and measures of insulin secretion ...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - December 22, 2019 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Izzi-Engbeaya, Chioma Hill, Thomas G. Bowe, James E. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
