Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Semin Reprod Med 2021; 39: 069-070 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735506 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - September 16, 2021 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Mousa, Aya Joham, Anju Boyle, Jacqueline Tags: Preface Source Type: research
The Use of Androgen Priming in Women with Reduced Ovarian Reserve Undergoing Assisted Reproductive Technology
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735646Androgen priming with either dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) or testosterone has been suggested as an adjunct to improve in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes in women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). Numerous studies have investigated the effects of both DHEA and testosterone on IVF outcome. The results were inconsistent, and the quality of most studies is substandard. Meta-analyses have consistently reported that DHEA does appear to significantly improve IVF outcome in women with predicted or proven poor ovarian response (POR), but these have included some normal responders...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - September 9, 2021 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Richardson, Alison Jayaprakasan, Kanna Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Contraception in Adolescents
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735629Adolescents are at risk for unwanted pregnancy when they become sexually active, and contraception is an important part of mitigating this risk. Use of contraceptive methods, and long-acting reversible contraceptive methods such as implants and intrauterine devices in particular, has increased among adolescents. Although sexual activity has declined and contraceptive use has increased among adolescents in the United States in recent years, the unintended pregnancy rate remains high. All of the currently available contraceptive methods are safe and effective for adolescents to use...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - September 9, 2021 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Raidoo, Shandhini Pearlman Shapiro, Marit Kaneshiro, Bliss Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
A Baby at All Costs? Exploring the Use and Provision of Unproven Adjuvant Treatments in the Context of IVF
This article uses a psychosocial perspective to consider the motivations behind patient and clinician behavior along with the wider societal and economic factors that may be impacting upon the increase in the use of adjuvant treatments in fertility clinics more widely. It suggests the reasons fertility patients use unproven “optional extras” are complex, with interpersonal, psychological, and social factors intertwining to generate an increase in the use of IVF add-ons. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Abs...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - September 9, 2021 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Jones, Georgina L. Lang, Victoria Hudson, Nicky Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Social Determinants of Health and Adverse Outcomes in Adolescent Pregnancies
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735847The association between adolescent childbearing and adverse maternal and birth outcomes has been well documented. Adverse adolescent pregnancy outcomes are associated with substantial risk of long-term morbidities for the young mother and their newborns. Multiple levels of social disadvantage have been related to adverse pregnancy outcomes among adolescent mothers. Patterns of cumulative social adversity define the most marginalized group of adolescents at the highest risk of experiencing adverse maternal and birth outcomes. Using a social determinants of health (SDOH) framework,...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - September 9, 2021 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Amjad, S. Adesunkanmi, M. Twynstra, J. Seabrook, J.A. Ospina, M.B. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Natural History of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and New Advances in the Epidemiology
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735211Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women, affecting up to 15% of the female population. The natural history of the syndrome is complex, including both androgen exposure in early life and adiposity-driven dysfunction involving also dysregulated, also involving altered hypothalamus–ovarian crosstalk. The manifestations can arise as early as childhood or puberty onward, suggesting that genetic susceptibility is an important etiological factor. In adulthood, women with PCOS present with reproductive, metabolic, and psychological health issues at a...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - August 31, 2021 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Piltonen, Terhi T. Arffman, Riikka K. Joham, Anju E. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
An Analysis on the Implementation of the Evidence-based PCOS Lifestyle Guideline: Recommendations from Women with PCOS
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735575Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinological disorder affecting women of reproductive age, affecting 8–13% in this group. Women with PCOS are more likely to have excess BMI, which in turn exacerbates the symptoms of PCOS in these women. The latest evidence-based guideline recommends lifestyle management as the first-line treatment for PCOS. However, the implementation of this recommendation through health services faces a significant challenge. As part of the mapping of the implementation plan for lifestyle management in PCOS, citizen panels and semi-str...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - August 30, 2021 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lim, Siew Wright, Breanna Savaglio, Melissa Goodwin, Denise Pirotta, Stephanie Moran, Lisa Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Metabolic Conditions Including Obesity, Diabetes, and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Implications for Breastfeeding and Breastmilk Composition
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1732365Breastfeeding is internationally recognized as the recommended standard for infant nutrition, informed by evidence of its multiple benefits for both mother and baby. In the context of common metabolic conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome, diabetes (type 1, type 2, and gestational), and obesity, breastfeeding may be particularly beneficial for both mother and infant. However, there is evidence of delayed lactogenesis and reduced breastfeeding rates and duration in women with these conditions, and the effects of altered maternal metabolic environments on breastmilk composit...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - August 25, 2021 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Rassie, Kate Mousa, Aya Joham, Anju Teede, Helena J. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Informing a PCOS Lifestyle Program: Mapping Behavior Change Techniques to Barriers and Enablers to Behavior Change Using the Theoretical Domains Framework
This study included women with PCOS residing in Australia. Main outcome measures include intervention functions, policy categories, and BCTs described in the BCW. Twenty-three BCTs were recognized to influence behavior change in women with PCOS. Factors were categorized into the subcomponents of the COM-B: psychological capability (e.g., lack of credible information), physical capability (e.g., managing multiple health conditions), physical opportunity (e.g., limited access to resources), social opportunity (e.g., adequate social support), reflective motivation (e.g., positive health expectancies following behavior change)...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - August 25, 2021 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Pirotta, Stephanie Joham, A.E. Moran, L.J. Skouteris, H. Lim, S.S. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Endometrial Factor in Unexplained Infertility and Recurrent Implantation Failure
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735199Unexplained infertility (UI) and recurrent implantation failure (RIF) are diagnoses based on failed pregnancy attempts within current infertility treatment models. Both diagnoses are made when fertility is unexplained based on current diagnostic methods and has no clear cause; UI is diagnosed when testing is inconclusive, and RIF is diagnosed after three failed in vitro fertilization cycles. In both cases, interventions are often introduced without an understanding of the cause of the infertility, frequently leading to frustration for patients and caregivers. Here, we review evid...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - August 23, 2021 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Santamaria, Xavier Sim ón, Carlos Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
The Need to Reassess the Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Review of Diagnostic Recommendations from the International Evidence-Based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of PCOS
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735259Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that is associated with negative metabolic, reproductive, endocrine, and psychological consequences among women of reproductive age. The diagnosis of PCOS remains challenging due to limited and conflicting evidence regarding definitions for each of the diagnostic features. This review of the recommended PCOS assessment criteria from the international evidence-based guideline highlights the crucial need to reassess, redefine, and optimize the diagnosis of PCOS. Notably, normal values and cut-offs need to be defined fo...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - August 17, 2021 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Kiconco, Sylvia Teede, Helena J. Azziz, Ricardo Norman, Robert J. Joham, Anju E. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Endometrial Receptivity Testing and Therapy in Assisted Reproductive Treatment
Semin Reprod Med 2021; 39: 027-033 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730421Assisted reproductive treatment (ART) gave numerous couples the chance to have their biological child. Improvement in laboratory and culture conditions allows for selection of embryos with the best developmental potential, although replacement of these top-quality embryos does not, however, guarantee reproductive success. Endometrial receptivity is essential for pregnancy establishment and may be the limiting factor for the observed pregnancy rates with ART. Multiple modalities have been in use to assess endometrial receptivity, with ultrasound assessment of the...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - August 14, 2021 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Polanski, Lukasz Tadeusz Baumgarten, Miriam Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Complications of Pregnancy in Adolescents
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1734020Teenage pregnancy is a complex issue that can have negative socioeconomic and health outcomes. About 11% of births worldwide are by adolescents aged between 15 and 19 years and middle- and low-income countries account for more than 90% of these births. Despite the downward trend in international adolescent pregnancy rates, 10 million unplanned adolescent pregnancies occur annually. Adolescents are also at increase risks of poor obstetric outcomes including preterm delivery, low birth weight, eclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage, anemia, and infant, as well as maternal morbidity. Impo...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - August 10, 2021 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Todhunter, Logan Hogan-Roy, Megan Pressman, Eva K. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
The Prevalence of Clinical Characteristics of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome among Indigenous Women: A Systematic Search and Review of the Literature
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730021Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among reproductive-aged women; however, to date there has been no synthesis of the burden of PCOS specifically among indigenous women. We aimed to systematically identify and collate studies reporting prevalence and clinical features of PCOS among indigenous women worldwide. We performed a comprehensive search of six databases (Ovid MEDLINE, MEDLINE In Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, EMBASE, EBM reviews, CINAHL, and SCOPUS) supplemented by gray literature searches and the screening of reference list...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - July 17, 2021 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Gilbert, Emily Avery, Jodie Bartlett, Rebeccah Campbell, Sandra Joham, Anju Rumbold, Alice Boyle, Jacqueline Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Prior Thromboembolic Disease and Assisted Reproductive Therapy
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1732375Assisted reproductive therapy (ART) increases the risk of venous thrombosis (VT) by 2- to 4-fold, whereas pregnancy increases the risk by 5- to 10-fold. Women with a history of VT undergoing ART are often suggested thromboprophylaxis. The literature is scarce and international guidelines are lacking. We made a review of the literature and base our suggestions primarily on expert opinions. We suggest women with a prior VT to use low-molecular-weight heparin as thromboprophylaxis starting from ovarian stimulation, throughout pregnancy, and 6 weeks postpartum. Assessment of VT risk ...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - July 14, 2021 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Jacobsen, Anne Flem Sandset, Per Morten Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
