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Cohort Variation in U.S. Violent Crime Patterns from 1960 to 2014: An Age –Period–Cohort-Interaction Approach
ConclusionsThe APC-I framework introduced in this study provides new insights into the dynamic aspect of cohort effects on violent crime that have not been examined in the criminological literature. Criminological studies on cohort effects would benefit by shifting away from the problematic assumption of constant and additive cohort effects to the dynamic and interactive  approach represented by the APC-I framework. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - October 2, 2020 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Does Prison Deter Drunk-Drivers?
ConclusionWe conclude that the funds currently spent on imprisoning DUI offenders could be more fruitfully be invested in measures that show more promise in reducing DUI recidivism. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - September 25, 2020 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Are Trustworthiness and Legitimacy ‘Hard to Win, Easy to Lose’? A Longitudinal Test of the Asymmetry Thesis of Police-Citizen Contact
ConclusionsThe association between police-citizen encounters and attitudes towards the police may not be as asymmetrical as previously thought, particularly for changes in trust in procedural fairness and legitimacy. Policy implications include considering public-police interactions as ‘teachable moments’ and potential sources for enhancing police trustworthiness and legitimacy. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - September 25, 2020 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Is Gang Violent Crime More Contagious than Non-Gang Violent Crime?
ConclusionsContagious spread of gang-related violent crime is different from contagion in non-gang violence. The results support crime prevention policies that target the disruption of gang retaliations. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - September 21, 2020 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Accounting for Meso- or Micro-Level Effects When Estimating Models Using City-Level Crime Data: Introducing a Novel Imputation Technique
ConclusionsThe results demonstrate that existing studies aggregated to macro units can yield considerably different (and therefore potentially problematic) results when failing to account for meso-level processes. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - September 13, 2020 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Too Fine to be Good? Issues of Granularity, Uniformity and Error in Spatial Crime Analysis
ConclusionsBy balancing internal uniformity and robustness to error, our method is capable of producing more reliable crime maps. Our methodology shows that finer is not necessarily better in the micro-analysis of crime, and that units coarser than street segments might be better for this type of study. Finally, the observed crime clustering in our study was less intense than the expected from the law of crime concentration. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - September 11, 2020 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Editor ’s Introduction: Terrorism and Violent Extremism
(Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - September 8, 2020 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Describing Changes in Features of Psychopathy Via an Individual-Level Measure of P( Δ)
ConclusionsAssertions about adolescents with features of psychopathy as posing a life-long risk for reoffending may require revisitation. Replication is needed using expert rating tools as opposed to tools that only rely on self-reported information. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - September 6, 2020 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

When Do Offenders Commit Crime? An Analysis of Temporal Consistency in Individual Offending Patterns
DiscussionThe results are consistent with offenders having recurring rhythms that shape their temporal crime pattern. These findings might prove valuable for improving predictive policing methods and crime linkage analysis as well as interventions to reduce recidivism. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - August 30, 2020 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Forecasting Spatio-Temporal Variation in Residential Burglary with the Integrated Laplace Approximation Framework: Effects of Crime Generators, Street Networks, and Prior Crimes
DiscussionOur findings on crime generators and street network characteristics support evidence in the literature on environmental correlates of burglary. The significance of spatio-temporal interaction indicates that residential burglary is spatio-temporally concentrated. Our finding thatrecency andproximity of prior burglaries do not contribute to the performance of the forecast, probably indicates that relevant spatio-temporal interaction is limited to fine-grained spatial and temporal units of analysis, such as days and street blocks. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - August 12, 2020 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Third-Party Policing Approaches Against Organized Crime: An Evaluation of the Yakuza Exclusion Ordinances
ConclusionsThe YEOs are related to TPP strategies that rely on coercive techniques, and thus our results suggest the effectiveness of TPP strategies against organized crime. Furthermore, the heterogeneity of the YEOs ’ effect suggests the effectiveness of enforcement policies that intensively target regions withlower concentration of organized crime. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - August 8, 2020 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

A Conditional Likelihood Model of the Relationship Between Officer Features and Rounds Discharged in Police Shootings
ConclusionsOfficer features appear to have little or no relationship with shooting rate. These findings correspond with police scholars ’ supposition that duty assignment may be more responsible for explaining differences in police use of force than individual officer characteristics. It contrasts with some prior research suggesting that officer race, age at recruitment, and prior performance affect shooting risk. In doing so, the se results also lend support to theoretical frameworks emphasizing the role of organizational features and other system-level factors over individual-level explanations for police use of force....
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - July 30, 2020 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Police Legitimacy and the Norm to Cooperate: Using a Mixed Effects Location-Scale Model to Estimate the Strength of Social Norms at a Small Spatial Scale
ConclusionsFindings support a boundary condition of procedural justice theory: namely, that cooperation can be modelled as a place-based norm that varies in strength from neighborhood to neighborhood and that legitimacy only predicts an individual ’s willingness to cooperate in neighborhoods where the norm is relatively weak. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - July 20, 2020 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Explaining the Consumption of Illicit Cigarettes
ConclusionsThe geographic concentration of illicit consumption and smuggling calls for the creation of anti-illicit-trade units in most densely populated areas or custom task forces at the most sensitive borders. The disproportionate relevance of illicit flows from eastern non-EU countries suggests to increase the political pressure on these source countries. Finally, given the importance of the demand side in determining the size of the illicit market, price increases should be matched with consumer awareness campaigns. These campaigns should focus on the societal consequences of purchasing illicit cigarettes together wit...
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - June 24, 2020 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

p -value Problems? An Examination of Evidential Value in Criminology
ConclusionsMore studies, especially carefully designed and implemented randomized experiments with sufficiently large sample sizes, are needed before we are able to affirm the presence of evidential value and replicability of studies in all CC topic areas with confidence. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - June 15, 2020 Category: Criminology Source Type: research