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The Gender Gap in Sex Offender Punishment
ConclusionsThese findings suggest that female sex offenders are treated more leniently than their matched male counterparts, even in instances of more serious sex offenses and those involving minor victims. Findings support theoretical arguments that contend that court decision-making is influenced by legally-irrelevant characteristics and raise questions about the source of gendered views of sex offenders and their effects on punishment approaches. Findings also raise questions about the virtue of get-tough sentencing policies that provide leeway for such dramatic variation across different groups of people. (Source: Jour...
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - May 30, 2019 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

The Crime of Animal Abuse in Two Nonwestern Cities: Prevalence, Perpetrators, and Pathways
ConclusionsPeople who abuse animals appear to do so partly because, due to low self-control and exposure to animal-abusing peers, they hold beliefs justifying the behavior and perceive greater benefits associated with it. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - May 28, 2019 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Concentrated and Close to Home: The Spatial Clustering and Distance Decay of Lone Terrorist Vehicular Attacks
ConclusionsThe findings indicate that the laws of crime concentration are applicable to the case of lone terrorist vehicular attacks. The results demonstrate the utility of the methodological approach to examining specific types of terror attacks. Such approaches may be useful for informing environmental based prevention policies and strategies. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - May 7, 2019 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Risk Factors for Violent Dissident Republican Incidents in Belfast: A Comparison of Bombings and Bomb Hoaxes
ConclusionsRTM could be a useful tool in guiding targeted responses to the dissident Republican threat in Belfast. The results suggest that there is some assessment of risk by the offenders, and that they are selecting targets rationally. Due to the differences in risk factors for the two types of events it can be proposed that there may be differences between targets relevant to ideology and realistic targets with increased chance of success. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - April 16, 2019 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Prison and Violent Political Extremism in the United States
ConclusionsIn support of longstanding arguments that prison plays a major role in the identity and behavior of individuals after their release, we find consistent evidence that the post-prison use of politically motivated violence can be estimated in part by whether perpetrators spent time in prison and whether they were radicalized there. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - April 15, 2019 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

The Application of the “Law of Crime Concentration” to Terrorism: The Jerusalem Case Study
ConclusionsThe concentration of terror attacks calls for a specialized counterterrorism response equivalent to “hot spots policing” based on the characteristics of the potential terrorist hot spots. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - April 14, 2019 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Street Egohood: An Alternative Perspective of Measuring Neighborhood and Spatial Patterns of Crime
ConclusionsA primary contribution of the current study is to develop and propose a new perspective of measuring neighborhood based on urban streets. We empirically demonstrated that whereas certain socio-demographic measures show the strongest relationship with crime when measured at the micro geographic unit of street segments, a number of them actually exhibited the strongest relationship when measured using our larger street egohoods. We hope future research can use egohoods to expand understanding of neighborhoods and crime. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - March 27, 2019 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Paying Money for Freedom: Effects of Monetary Compensation on Sentencing for Criminal Traffic Offenses in China
ConclusionsThe significant positive relationship between monetary compensation and lenient sentencing outcomes suggests that compensation plays a crucial role in the Chinese judicial process. Our study will not only help researchers to better understand the legal process in China, but it will also benefit the larger community as an example of utilizing new sources of data. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - February 20, 2019 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Homelessness and Incarceration: A Reciprocal Relationship?
ConclusionsOur study shows the importance of having adequate coverage for post-release programs to break the link between incarceration and homelessness. Specifically, we find that the critical period for ex-inmates starts 6  months after release suggesting that this may be the time when support programs are currently lacking and would be most efficient. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - February 18, 2019 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Crime Feeds on Legal Activities: Daily Mobility Flows Help to Explain Thieves ’ Target Location Choices
ConclusionsThe mobility flow measure is a useful addition to the estimated effects of distance and crime generators. It predicts the locations of thefts much better than the presence of crime generators does. However, it does not replace the role of distance, suggesting that offenders are more spatially restricted than others, or that even within their activity spaces they prefer to offend near their homes. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - February 13, 2019 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Gang Organization and Gang Identity: An Investigation of Enduring Gang Membership
ConclusionsThis research finds support for using a theoretical framework based on gang organization and gang identity to understand enduring gang membership. Both gang identity and gang organization exert independent effects on the length of time an individual spends in a gang. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - February 11, 2019 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

The Effect of Facility Security Classification on Serious Rules Violation Reports in California Prisons: A Regression Discontinuity Design
ConclusionsThe fuzzy regression discontinuity design allows for a rigorous way to estimate the causal effect of facility security classification on rules violation reports in California prisons, providing an evidence base for policy-makers facing capacity constraints within the prison system while at the same time updating the extant literature on the effects of an important feature of prison structure on inmate outcomes. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - January 24, 2019 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Reducing Bias in Estimates for the Law of Crime Concentration
ConclusionsThe Poisson –Gamma method has applications to measuring the concentration of rare events, comparisons of concentration across cities of different sizes, and improving time series estimates of crime concentration. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - January 14, 2019 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Correction to: Incarceration and Personal Networks: Unpacking Measures and Meanings of Tie Strength
The original version of the article contained an error in the text. The corrected text should read as. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - January 7, 2019 Category: Criminology Source Type: research

Investigating the Assignment of Probation Conditions: Heterogeneity and the Role of Race and Ethnicity
ConclusionsLCA has the potential of classifying the multiple components of probation sentences without masking the heterogeneous nature of the conditions and imposing classification systems. Heterogeneity in the assignment of probation conditions represents a source of racial and ethnic sentencing disparities. (Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology)
Source: Journal of Quantitative Criminology - December 14, 2018 Category: Criminology Source Type: research