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Diffusion-based structural connectivity patterns of multiple sclerosis phenotypes
Conclusions In conclusion, brain connectivity is disrupted in MS and has differential patterns according to the phenotype. Secondary progressive is associated with more widespread changes in connectivity. Additionally, classification tasks can distinguish between MS types, with subcortical connections being the most important factor. (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 12, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Martinez-Heras, E., Solana, E., Vivo, F., Lopez-Soley, E., Calvi, A., Alba-Arbalat, S., Schoonheim, M. M., Strijbis, E. M., Vrenken, H., Barkhof, F., Rocca, M. A., Filippi, M., Pagani, E., Groppa, S., Fleischer, V., Dineen, R. A., Bellenberg, B., Lukas, C Tags: Multiple sclerosis Source Type: research

Predictors of persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) and similar forms of chronic dizziness precipitated by peripheral vestibular disorders: a systematic review
Conclusions After acute vestibular events, psychological and behavioural responses and brain maladaptation are the most likely predictors of PPPD, rather than the severity of changes on vestibular testing. Age-related brain changes appear to have a smaller role and require further study. Premorbid psychiatric comorbidities, other than dependent personality traits, are not relevant for the development of PPPD. (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 12, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Trinidade, A., Cabreira, V., Goebel, J. A., Staab, J. P., Kaski, D., Stone, J. Tags: Neuropsychiatry Source Type: research

Familial {alpha}-synucleinopathy spectrum features in patients with psychiatric REM sleep behaviour disorder
Conclusion Patients with psy-RBD are familially predisposed to α-synucleinopathy. The occurrence of RBD with major depression may signify a subtype of major depressive disorders with underlying α-synucleinopathy neurodegeneration. Trial registration number NCT03595475. (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 12, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Wang, J., Lam, S. P., Huang, B., Liu, Y., Zhang, J., Yu, M. W. M., Tsang, J. C. C., Zhou, L., Chau, S. W. H., Chan, N. Y., Chan, J. W. Y., Schenck, C. H., Li, S. X., Mok, V. C. T., Ma, K. K. Y., Chan, A. Y. Y., Wing, Y. K. Tags: Neuropsychiatry Source Type: research

Risk-conferring HLA variants in an epilepsy cohort: benefits of multifaceted use of whole genome sequencing in clinical practice
Conclusions Comprehensive utilisation of genetic data spreads beyond the search for causal variants alone and can be extended to additional clinical benefits such as identifying pharmacogenomic biomarkers, which can guide pharmacotherapy for genetically-susceptible individuals. (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 12, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Vakrinou, A., Bellampalli, R., Gulcebi, M. I., Martins Custodio, H., Research Consortium, G. E., Balestrini, S., Sisodiya, S. M. Tags: Editor's choice Epilepsy Source Type: research

Long-term outcomes of mesial temporal laser interstitial thermal therapy for drug-resistant epilepsy and subsequent surgery for seizure recurrence: a multi-centre cohort study
Conclusions MRgLITT is a viable treatment with durable outcomes for patients with drug-resistant mTLE evaluated at a comprehensive epilepsy centre. Although seizure freedom rates were lower than reported with ATL, this series represents the early experience of each centre and a heterogeneous cohort. ATL remains a safe and effective treatment for well-selected patients who fail MRgLITT. (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 12, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Youngerman, B. E., Banu, M. A., Khan, F., McKhann, G. M., Schevon, C. A., Jagid, J. R., Cajigas, I., Theodotou, C. B., Ko, A., Buckley, R., Ojemann, J. G., Miller, J. W., Laxton, A. W., Couture, D. E., Popli, G. S., Buch, V. P., Halpern, C. H., Le, S., Sh Tags: Epilepsy Source Type: research

Paramagnetic rim and core sign lesions in paediatric multiple sclerosis patients
Introduction In the last years, susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) has been applied in multiple sclerosis (MS) to identify a subgroup of white matter lesions (WMLs) characterised by a hypointense rim (ie, paramagnetic rim lesions (PRL)). Correlative pathological-MRI studies have shown that these lesions, defined as chronic active, are characterised by a peripheral ‘rim’ of iron-laden activated microglia/macrophages associated with ongoing demyelination and axonal loss.1 A subset of WMLs showing a diffuse hypointensity on SWI (ie, core sign lesions) has also been recently described.2 These lesions have been s...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - September 26, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Margoni, M., Preziosa, P., Storelli, L., Gueye, M., Moiola, L., Filippi, M., Rocca, M. A. Tags: Letters Source Type: research

Glutamine/arginine site-unedited GluA2 mRNA in cerebrospinal fluid as a biomarker for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Introduction Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable motor neuron disease with diverse clinical manifestations and progression speed among patients.1 Reliable diagnostic biomarkers for sporadic ALS are currently lacking, leading to delayed diagnosis. Therefore, developing disease-specific diagnostic biomarkers reflecting ALS processes is a critical unmet medical need. Moreover, biomarkers predicting treatment efficacy are required, given the increasing number of clinical trials investigating potential therapies resulting from the increase in knowledge regarding ALS pathogenesis.1 Excitotoxicity or dysregulation...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - September 14, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Hosaka, T., Tsuji, H., Terada, M., Tomidokoro, Y., Ishii, A., Nakamagoe, K., Ishii, K., Terashi, H., Aizawa, H., Tamaoka, A., Kwak, S. Tags: PostScript Source Type: research

Functional neurological disorder is a feminist issue
The terms ‘hysteria’ and ‘psychogenic’ came up regularly during my medical training. Once a patient received either of these diagnoses, as clinicians, we frequently labelled such patients as ‘time wasters’ who were keeping us from seeing ‘genuine patients’. This stemmed from an understanding that such patients were feigning their symptoms. It is only recently, during my neurology residency training, that I have had exposure to treat patients with functional neurological disorders (FNDs). Although it is undocumented in my setting, most of the patients I’ve encountered ar...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - September 14, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Gadama, Y. Tags: PostScript Source Type: research

Paramagnetic rim and core sign lesions in paediatric multiple sclerosis patients
Introduction In the last years, susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) has been applied in multiple sclerosis (MS) to identify a subgroup of white matter lesions (WMLs) characterised by a hypointense rim (ie, paramagnetic rim lesions (PRL)). Correlative pathological-MRI studies have shown that these lesions, defined as chronic active, are characterised by a peripheral ‘rim’ of iron-laden activated microglia/macrophages associated with ongoing demyelination and axonal loss.1 A subset of WMLs showing a diffuse hypointensity on SWI (ie, core sign lesions) has also been recently described.2 These lesions have been s...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - September 14, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Margoni, M., Preziosa, P., Storelli, L., Gueye, M., Moiola, L., Filippi, M., Rocca, M. A. Tags: PostScript Source Type: research

Migrating cortical lesion in FLAIR-hyperintense lesions in anti-MOG-associated encephalitis with seizures
We present here a 1-year course of FLAMES with the typical migratory pattern from the initially unilateral cortical FLAIR hypersignal to complete disappearance of inflammatory lesions. Patient A young adult patient with no prior medical history was admitted for new-onset of focal myoclonus of the left hand with secondary generalised tonic-clonic seizures, headaches and fever. Brain MRI showed cortical swelling of the right central sulcus with leptomeningeal enhancement (figure 1A). The lumbar puncture revealed 104 white cell 13/ml with 84% polynuclear, normal glucose level and protein content without oligoclonal IgG bands....
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - September 14, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Holay, Q., Gazzola, S., Quesnel, L., Faivre, A. Tags: Neurological pictures Source Type: research

Longitudinal decline in striatal dopamine transporter binding in Parkinsons disease: associations with apathy and anhedonia
Conclusions Our findings support a central role for dopaminergic dysfunction in motivational symptoms in PD. Striatal DAT imaging may be a useful indicator of apathy/anhedonia risk that could inform intervention strategies. (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - September 14, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Costello, H., Yamamori, Y., Reeves, S., Schrag, A.-E., Howard, R., Roiser, J. P. Tags: Open access Neuropsychiatry Source Type: research

Functional neurological disorder is a feminist issue
Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a common and disabling disorder, often misunderstood by clinicians. Although viewed sceptically by some, FND is a diagnosis that can be made accurately, based on positive clinical signs, with clinical features that have remained stable for over 100 years. Despite some progress in the last decade, people with FND continue to suffer subtle and overt forms of discrimination by clinicians, researchers and the public. There is abundant evidence that disorders perceived as primarily affecting women are neglected in healthcare and medical research, and the course of FND mirrors this negle...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - September 14, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: McLoughlin, C., Hoeritzauer, I., Cabreira, V., Aybek, S., Adams, C., Alty, J., Ball, H. A., Baker, J., Bullock, K., Burness, C., Dworetzky, B. A., Finkelstein, S., Garcin, B., Gelauff, J., Goldstein, L. H., Jordbru, A., Huys, A.-C. M., Laffan, A., Lidston Tags: JNNP Patients' choice, Open access Neuropsychiatry Source Type: research

Predictors of cognitive deterioration in subjective cognitive decline: evidence from longitudinal studies and implications for SCD-plus criteria
Conclusion This study constructed a risk factor profile for SCD to CD conversion, supporting and supplementing the existing list of features for identifying SCD populations at high risk of objective cognitive decline or dementia. These findings could promote early identification and management of high-risk populations to delay dementia onset. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021281757. (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - September 14, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Li, H., Tan, C.-C., Tan, L., Xu, W. Tags: Neurodegeneration Source Type: research

Multidisciplinary consensus guideline for the diagnosis and management of spontaneous intracranial hypotension
Conclusions This multidisciplinary consensus clinical guideline has the potential to increase awareness of SIH among healthcare professionals, produce greater consistency in care, improve diagnostic accuracy, promote effective investigations and treatments and reduce disability attributable to SIH. (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - September 14, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Cheema, S., Anderson, J., Angus-Leppan, H., Armstrong, P., Butteriss, D., Carlton Jones, L., Choi, D., Chotai, A., D'Antona, L., Davagnanam, I., Davies, B., Dorman, P. J., Duncan, C., Ellis, S., Iodice, V., Joy, C., Lagrata, S., Mead, S., Morland, D., Nis Tags: Open access General neurology Source Type: research

Clinical feature and disease outcome in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorder: a Chinese study
Conclusions The results underscored the importance of timely maintenance treatment to prevent further relapses, especially in adult patients with persistently positive MOG-ab and unsatisfactory recovery from the onset attack. (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - September 14, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: ZhangBao, J., Huang, W., Zhou, L., Tan, H., Wang, L., Wang, M., Yu, J., Lu, C., Lu, J., Quan, C. Tags: Neuro-inflammation Source Type: research