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Structural and functional alterations in the gustatory network underlie taste disturbances after lesional tremor therapy with MRgFUS
Introduction MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) is an emerging technique for treatment of severe, medication-refractory essential tremor (ET). Typical side effects include paraesthesias, gait disorders and less frequently taste disturbances.1 2 The gustatory tract is assumed to pass within the cranial nerves VII, IX and X to the ipsilateral solitary nucleus in the medulla to project via the parvocellular division of the ventral posterior medial nucleus (VPMpc) to the gustatory cortex in the insula, the frontal operculum and the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC).3 Thalamic nuclei adjacent to the targeted posteroventral part of ...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 15, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Purrer, V., Upadhyay, N., Borger, V., Schmeel, C., Boecker, H., Wüllner, U. Tags: PostScript Source Type: research

Raising standards of accuracy in deep brain stimulation requires consistent definitions and unbiased reporting
Dear editor We read with interest the novel systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between targeting accuracy and motor outcome in subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) presented by Kremer et al.1 Efficacy of DBS is purported to be dependent on accurate placement of electrodes in target structures and, as the authors highlight, a tolerance of 2 mm from a desired target has gained informal traction in clinical practice. The authors’ rigorous approach reveals several shortcomings to reviewing peer-reviewed published data to test the validity of the ‘2 mm rule’. As pointed o...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 15, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Mostofi, A., Hart, M. G., Pereira, E. A. C. Tags: PostScript Source Type: research

Epigenetic clocks in neurodegenerative diseases: a systematic review
Conclusions Epigenetic clocks hold great potential in neurodegenerative diseases. Further research is encouraged to evaluate the clinical utility and promote the application. PROSPERO registration number CRD42022365233. (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 15, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Yang, T., Xiao, Y., Cheng, Y., Huang, J., Wei, Q., Li, C., Shang, H. Tags: Neurodegeneration Source Type: research

Anomalies in the review process and interpretation of the evidence in the NICE guideline for chronic fatigue syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis
Chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is a disabling long-term condition of unknown cause. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) published a guideline in 2021 that highlighted the seriousness of the condition, but also recommended that graded exercise therapy (GET) should not be used and cognitive–behavioural therapy should only be used to manage symptoms and reduce distress, not to aid recovery. This U-turn in recommendations from the previous 2007 guideline is controversial. We suggest that the controversy stems from anomalies in both processing and interpretation of the...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 15, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: White, P., Abbey, S., Angus, B., Ball, H. A., Buchwald, D. S., Burness, C., Carson, A. J., Chalder, T., Clauw, D. J., Coebergh, J., David, A. S., Dworetzky, B. A., Edwards, M. J., Espay, A. J., Etherington, J., Fink, P., Flottorp, S., Garcin, B., Garner, Tags: Neuropsychiatry Source Type: research

Association of choroid plexus volume with motor symptoms and dopaminergic degeneration in Parkinsons disease
Conclusion These findings suggest that CPV has the potential to serve as a biomarker for baseline and longitudinal motor disabilities in PD. (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 15, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Jeong, S. H., Park, C. J., Jeong, H.-J., Sunwoo, M. K., Ahn, S. S., Lee, S.-K., Lee, P. H., Kim, Y. J., Sohn, Y. H., Chung, S. J. Tags: Movement disorders Source Type: research

Prognostic significance of peripheral neutrophils and lymphocytes in early untreated Parkinsons disease: an 8-year follow-up study
Conclusion Among the blood biomarkers, only a higher neutrophil count was associated with faster motor progression along with accelerated nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration in patients with PD. The impact of neutrophils and lymphocytes on longitudinal cognitive changes remains unclear. Trial registration number NCT01141023. (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 15, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Kim, R., Kang, N., Byun, K., Park, K., Jun, J.-S. Tags: Movement disorders Source Type: research

Advances in diagnosis and management of distal sensory polyneuropathies
Distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSP) is characterised by length-dependent, sensory-predominant symptoms and signs, including potentially disabling symmetric chronic pain, tingling and poor balance. Some patients also have or develop dysautonomia or motor involvement depending on whether large myelinated or small fibres are predominantly affected. Although highly prevalent, diagnosis and management can be challenging. While classic diabetes and toxic causes are well-recognised, there are increasingly diverse associations, including with dysimmune, rheumatological and neurodegenerative conditions. Approximately half of cases ...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 15, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Silsby, M., Feldman, E. L., Dortch, R. D., Roth, A., Haroutounian, S., Rajabally, Y. A., Vucic, S., Shy, M. E., Oaklander, A. L., Simon, N. G. Tags: COVID-19 Neuromuscular Source Type: research

Pathogenic role of anti-cN1A autoantibodies in sporadic inclusion body myositis
Conclusions Active cN1A peptide immunisation partially reproduced the clinical and histological aspects of sIBM in wild-type mice. The murine model demonstrates the pathogenic properties of anti-cN1A autoantibodies to cause sIBM-like histological changes. (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 15, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Yamashita, S., Tawara, N., Zhang, Z., Nakane, S., Sugie, K., Suzuki, N., Nishino, I., Aoki, M. Tags: Neuromuscular Source Type: research

Association of obesity with mild traumatic brain injury symptoms, inflammatory profile, quality of life and functional outcomes: a TRACK-TBI Study
Conclusions Obesity is associated with higher symptomatology at 6 and 12 months and higher concentrations of blood inflammatory markers throughout recovery following mTBI. (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 15, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Eagle, S. R., Puccio, A. M., Nelson, L. D., McCrea, M., Giacino, J., Diaz-Arrastia, R., Conkright, W., Jain, S., Sun, X., Manley, G., Okonkwo, D. O., TRACK-TBI Investigators, Ferguson, Gopinath, Grandhi, Dirk Keene, Merchant, Robertson, Schnyer, Temkin, Y Tags: JNNP Patients' choice Neuro-inflammation Source Type: research

Effectiveness of multiple disease-modifying therapies in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: causal inference to emulate a multiarm randomised trial
Conclusions The effectiveness of natalizumab and fingolimod in active RRMS is superior to dimethyl fumarate, teriflunomide, glatiramer acetate and interferon beta. This study demonstrates the utility of MSM in emulating trials to compare clinical effectiveness among multiple interventions simultaneously. (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 15, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Diouf, I., Malpas, C. B., Sharmin, S., Roos, I., Horakova, D., Kubala Havrdova, E., Patti, F., Shaygannejad, V., Ozakbas, S., Eichau, S., Onofrj, M., Lugaresi, A., Alroughani, R., Prat, A., Duquette, P., Terzi, M., Boz, C., Grand'Maison, F., Sola, P., Fer Tags: Editor's choice Multiple sclerosis Source Type: research

Networks of microstructural damage predict disability in multiple sclerosis
Conclusions GM and WM networks of microstructural changes predict disability and cognitive worsening in MS. Our approach may be used to identify patients at greater risk of disability worsening and stratify cohorts in treatment trials. (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 15, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Colato, E., Prados, F., Stutters, J., Bianchi, A., Narayanan, S., Arnold, D. L., Wheeler-Kingshott, C., Barkhof, F., Ciccarelli, O., Chard, D. T., Eshaghi, A. Tags: Multiple sclerosis Source Type: research

Risk of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis after early worsening of disability
Conclusions Early disability increase during RRMS is associated with a greater risk of SPMS but not the rate of disability progression during SPMS. The deterioration associated with early relapses represents a potentially treatable risk factor of SPMS. Trial registration number Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12605000455662). (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 15, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Dzau, W., Sharmin, S., Patti, F., Izquierdo, G., Eichau, S., Prat, A., Girard, M., Duquette, P., Onofrj, M., Lugaresi, A., Ozakbas, S., Gerlach, O., Boz, C., Grammond, P., Terzi, M., Amato, M. P., La Spitaleri, D., Ramo-Tello, C., Maimone, D., Cartechini, Tags: Multiple sclerosis Source Type: research

Using qualitative free-text data to investigate the lived experience of the COVID-19 pandemic for a large cohort of Australians with different multiple sclerosis related disability levels
Conclusions We found negative impacts of multitasking and social isolation for PwMS during the pandemic. WFH was identified as beneficial for some. We recommend targeted resourcing decisions for PwMS in future pandemics including child-care relief and interventions to reduce social isolation and suggest that these could be incorporated into some form of advanced care planning. As the nature of work changes postpandemic, we also recommend a detailed investigation of WFH for PwMS including providing tailored employment assistance. (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 15, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Campbell, J. A., van der Mei, I., Taylor, B. V., Palmer, A. J., Henson, G. J., Laslett, L. L., Simpson-Yap, S., Claflin, S. B. Tags: Open access, COVID-19 Multiple sclerosis Source Type: research

Interstitial laser ablation for epilepsy: beauty lies in the eye of the beholder
MRI-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (MRgLITT) is among the most promising approaches for the surgical treatment of medically refractory epilepsy. It differs from other current interventions in its combination of being minimally invasive with an immediate effect, having a good safety profile and allowing precise three-dimensional targeting. To date, however, it is not clear if we can localise an epileptogenic zone well enough to take full advantage of the targeting of MRgLITT. In their JNNP paper, Youngerman et al provide an update on outcomes from a cohort of patients who underwent MRgLITT for mesial temporal lob...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 15, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Issa, N. P., Warnke, P. Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

18 Clinical features in 104 patients investigated for potential autoimmune encephalitis at a London teaching hospital after presenting with psychotic symptoms
Conclusions Impaired consciousness is seen more frequently in AE compared to other causes of psychosis. In combination with other clinical features this may lend support to a potential diagnosis of AE. Limitations include selection bias from patient screening, and observer bias from medical record retrospective review. There is a need for future prospective longitudinal studies to guide development of clinical guidelines for the detection of AE presenting with psychotic symptoms. (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 15, 2023 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Morrin, H., Pollak, T. A., Nasir, M. Tags: The BNPA Members ' Platform Presentations Source Type: research