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The Role and Potential Mechanisms of Rehabilitation Exercise Improving Cardiac Remodeling
This article presents a comprehensive review of recent research progress, summarizing the pivotal role and underlying mechanism of rehabilitation exercise in improving cardiac remodeling and providing valuable insights for devising effective rehabilitation treatment programs.Graphical Abstract (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research - April 1, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Pentraxin 3 in Myocarditis: Proof-of-Principle Assessment as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker
AbstractPentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an acute phase protein produced in various tissues in response to microbial and sterile stimuli, which regulates the inflammation outcomes. PTX3 has not been investigated in myocarditis. Our aim was to assess circulating and cardiac tissue expression of PTX3 in 55 patients with myocarditis proven by magnetic resonance and/or endomyocardial biopsy. A major proportion of patients with myocarditis displayed significantly increased plasma PTX3 levels as compared with controls (26/30 vs. 0/10), with higher diagnostic yield than conventional biomarkers in the study group. Cardiac tissue analysis rev...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research - March 28, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Efficient Edge-AI Models for Robust ECG Abnormality Detection on Resource-Constrained Hardware
This study introduces two models, ConvLSTM2D-liquid time-constant network (CLTC) and ConvLSTM2D-closed-form continuous-time neural network (CCfC), designed for abnormality identification using electrocardiogram (ECG) data. Trained on the Telehealth Network of Minas Gerais (TNMG) subset dataset, both models were evaluated for their performance, generalizability capacity, and resilience. They demonstrated comparable results in terms of F1 scores and AUROC values. The CCfC model achieved slightly higher accuracy, while the CLTC model showed better handling of empty channels. Remarkably, the models were successfully deployed o...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research - March 12, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Association Between Automated 3D Measurement of Coronary Luminal Narrowing and Risk of Future Myocardial Infarction
This study focuses on identifying anatomical markers with predictive capacity for long-term myocardial infarction (MI) in focal coronary artery disease (CAD). Eighty future culprit lesions (FCL) and 108 non-culprit lesions (NCL) from 80 patients underwent 3D quantitative coronary angiography. The minimum lumen area (MLA), minimum lumen ratio (MLR), and vessel fractional flow reserve (vFFR) were evaluated. MLR was defined as the ratio between MLA and the cross-sectional area at the proximal lesion edge, with lower values indicating more abrupt luminal narrowing. Significant differences were observed between FCL and NCL in M...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research - March 1, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

PPAR γ Agonist Rosiglitazone and Antagonist GW9662: Antihypertensive Effects on Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Hypertension in Rats
AbstractThe increased incidence of hypertension associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) presents significant physical, psychological, and economic challenges. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR γ) plays a role in both OSA and hypertension, yet the therapeutic potential of PPARγ agonists and antagonists for OSA-related hypertension remains unexplored. Therefore, we constructed a chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH)-induced hypertension rat model that mimics the pathogenesis of OSA-related h ypertension in humans. The model involved administering PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone (RSG), PPARγ antagonist...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research - February 27, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Impact of Perivascular Adipose Tissue on Neointimal Formation Following Endovascular Placement
AbstractFollowing the placement of endovascular implants, perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) becomes an early sensor of vascular injury to which it responds by undergoing phenotypic changes characterized by reduction in the secretion of adipocyte-derived relaxing factors and a shift to a proinflammatory and pro-contractile state. Thus, activated PVAT loses its anti-inflammatory function, secretes proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and generates reactive oxygen species, which are accompanied by differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and proliferation of smooth muscle cells. These subsequently migrate into...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research - February 26, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Allograft Model of Aortic Arch Segment Grafting to Abdominal Aorta Through End-to-Side Anastomosis in Mice
AbstractThe mouse aortic transplantation model is a valuable tool for investigating the mechanisms of atherosclerosis regression, but few laboratories can generate it due to the operation difficulty, especially for the style of end-to-side anastomosis, which facilitates syngeneic heterotopic transplanting a plaque-rich aortic arch into the abdominal aorta. Here we provide a modified protocol for generating this allograft model, which is capable of overcoming several critical surgical challenges such as separating a longer abdominal aorta segment, reducing bleeding and thrombosis, optimizing aortotomy, and improving end-to-...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research - February 26, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Circulating Proteome Analysis Identifies Reduced Inflammation After Initiation of Hemodynamic Support with Either Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation or Impella in Patients with Cardiogenic Shock
AbstractIn-hospital mortality associated with cardiogenic shock (CS) remains high despite the use of percutaneous assist devices. We sought to determine whether support with VA-ECMO or Impella in patients with CS alters specific components of the plasma proteome. Plasma samples were collected before device implantation and 72  h after initiation of support in 11 CS patients receiving ECMO or Impella. SOMAscan was used to detect 1305 circulating proteins. Sixty-seven proteins were changed after ECMO (18 upregulated and 49 downregulated,p <  0.05), 38 after Impella (10 upregulated and 28 downregulated,p <  0.0...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research - February 26, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Impact of Perivascular Adipose Tissue on Neointimal Formation Following Endovascular Placement
AbstractFollowing the placement of endovascular implants, perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) becomes an early sensor of vascular injury to which it responds by undergoing phenotypic changes characterized by reduction in the secretion of adipocyte-derived relaxing factors and a shift to a proinflammatory and pro-contractile state. Thus, activated PVAT loses its anti-inflammatory function, secretes proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and generates reactive oxygen species, which are accompanied by differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and proliferation of smooth muscle cells. These subsequently migrate into...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research - February 26, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Allograft Model of Aortic Arch Segment Grafting to Abdominal Aorta Through End-to-Side Anastomosis in Mice
AbstractThe mouse aortic transplantation model is a valuable tool for investigating the mechanisms of atherosclerosis regression, but few laboratories can generate it due to the operation difficulty, especially for the style of end-to-side anastomosis, which facilitates syngeneic heterotopic transplanting a plaque-rich aortic arch into the abdominal aorta. Here we provide a modified protocol for generating this allograft model, which is capable of overcoming several critical surgical challenges such as separating a longer abdominal aorta segment, reducing bleeding and thrombosis, optimizing aortotomy, and improving end-to-...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research - February 26, 2024 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research