Who speaks up when harassment is in the air? A within-person investigation of ambient harassment and voice behavior at work.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 109(1), Jan 2024, 39-60; doi:10.1037/apl0001131It is clear that sexual harassment has a profound impact on the victims who are targets of these egregious behaviors. Comparably less is known, however, about how other members of the organization react affectively and behaviorally when these acts transpire, and who has stronger reactions to such events. In the current research, we draw from the sexual harassment and vicarious mistreatment literatures to develop a theoretical model that considers how bystanders react behaviorally to ambient harassment—the experience of overhearing sexist an...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - August 3, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
From a spark to a sweeping fire: An integrative conceptual review of group turnover and a theoretical exploration of its development.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 109(1), Jan 2024, 13-38; doi:10.1037/apl0001118The phenomenon of group turnover has generated substantial yet disconnected scholarly interests. Despite valuable insights gained from the collective turnover literature as well as parallel research concerning related or coordinated quitting, a holistic understanding of the unique group turnover phenomenon is needed, both to synthesize existing research across multiple domains and disciplines and to kindle new inquiries regarding its dynamic nature and developmental process. To this end, we begin by conducting an integrative review of researc...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - August 3, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
From free pastures to penned in: The within-person effects of psychological reactance on side-hustlers’ hostility and initiative in full-time work.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(12), Dec 2023, 1979-1997; doi:10.1037/apl0001115Multiple jobholding is increasingly common, particularly among full-time employees who have adopted side-hustles—income-generating work from the gig economy that is performed alongside full-time work. A distinguishing feature of side-hustles is substantial autonomy in the work’s timing, location, and method. This autonomy has typically been portrayed as beneficial. We shift this consensus by developing a within-person model that suggests elevated side-hustle autonomy—relative to what is typical for that person—sets the employee o...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - July 31, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Reducing gender bias in the evaluation and selection of future leaders: The role of decision-makers’ mindsets about the universality of leadership potential.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(12), Dec 2023, 1924-1951; doi:10.1037/apl0001112Extensive research has documented organizational decision-makers’ preference for men over women when they evaluate and select candidates for leadership positions. We conceptualize a novel construct—mindsets about the universality of leadership potential—that can help reduce this bias. People can believe either that only some individuals have high leadership potential (i.e., a nonuniversal mindset) or that most individuals have high leadership potential (i.e., a universal mindset). Five studies investigated the relationship between ...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - July 31, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
When focus and vision become a nightmare: Bottom-line mentality climate, shared vision, and unit unethical conduct.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(12), Dec 2023, 2053-2069; doi:10.1037/apl0001111Drawing on goal shielding theory (Shah et al., 2002), our study highlights the roles of bottom-line mentality climates and shared vision in encouraging collective unethical conduct in pursuit of financial results. Consistent with the theory, we hypothesize that high bottom-line mentality leaders shape their unit’s bottom-line mentality climate by explicitly clarifying the importance of prioritizing financial results above all else and using motivational resources to encourage a sole focus on bottom-line attainment. We further hypothesi...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - July 27, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The easy addendum effect: When doing more seems less effortful.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(12), Dec 2023, 2040-2052; doi:10.1037/apl0001130Although people often value the challenge and mastery of performing an activity, their satisfaction may suffer when the tasks comprising the activity are perceived as difficult. Thus, it is important to understand the factors that influence subjective judgments of difficulty. In this research, we introduce an easily actionable and effective tactic to reduce perceptions of the overall difficulty of an activity: We find that concluding a sequence of difficult tasks with a few easy tasks can decrease perceived difficulty of the aggregate ac...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - July 27, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Integrating organizational climate theory: A domain-independent explanation for climate formation and function.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(12), Dec 2023, 2018-2039; doi:10.1037/apl0001117Organizational climate is arguably the most studied representation of the social context of organizations, having been examined as an antecedent, outcome, or boundary condition in virtually every domain of inquiry in the organizational sciences. Yet there is no commonly recognized, domain-independent theory that is used to explain why and how climates both form and affect behavior. Rather, there is a set of climate theories (and literatures) housed across a variety of divergent content domains. As a result, researchers who study climate ...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - July 27, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Managing unit human capital resources: Integrating insights from human resource management and unit leadership literatures.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(12), Dec 2023, 1998-2017; doi:10.1037/apl0001119Unit human capital resources (HCR) are vital to performance across organizational levels. Crucially, the benefits of unit HCR often hinge on resource access and effective resource management. Yet, how units manage HCR remains unclear. We first review findings from human resource management (HRM) and unit leadership literatures relating to unit HCR, which have evolved separately despite their shared goals. Using our review as a foundation, we offer an integrative model highlighting the ways unit leaders can leverage HRM practices and thei...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - July 27, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
When “who I am” is under threat: Measures of threat to identity value, meanings, and enactment.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(12), Dec 2023, 1952-1978; doi:10.1037/apl0001114Although scholars across fields have studied threats to individuals’ identities for their impact and ubiquity, the absence of standard scales has hindered the advancement of this research. Due to the lack of identity threat measures, the myriad existing propositions and models remain untested which may generate skepticism of the field. In the comparatively rare instances where deductive models have been tested, studies often suffer from methodological shortcomings related to the absence of a standard measure (e.g., the use of scales th...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - July 27, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Sensemaking through the storm: How postpartum depression shapes personal work–family narratives.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(12), Dec 2023, 1903-1923; doi:10.1037/apl0001125Many women experience psychological and emotional challenges during their transition to becoming a working mother. Postpartum depression (PPD) is one common, salient aspect of motherhood that can serve as a work–life shock event and profoundly shape women’s work and nonwork lives yet has evaded discussion in the organizational sciences. Taking a grounded theory approach, we interviewed 41 women who experienced PPD as well as key informants who provided additional insights about PPD (e.g., an obstetrician, women working for organizati...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - July 27, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Correcting for range restriction in meta-analysis: A reply to Oh et al. (2023).
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(8), Aug 2023, 1311-1315; doi:10.1037/apl0001116Oh et al. (2023) question a number of choices made in our article (Sackett et al., 2022); here we respond. They interpret our article as recommending against correcting for range restriction in general in concurrent validation studies; yet, we emphasize that we endorse correction when one has access to the information needed to do so. Our focus was on making range restriction corrections when conducting meta-analyses, where it is common for primary studies to be silent as to the prior basis for selection of the employees later participati...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - July 27, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Revisiting Sackett et al.’s (2022) rationale behind their recommendation against correcting for range restriction in concurrent validation studies.
In this study, we revisit each of these conditions that constitute the rationale behind their recommendation: (a) whether “rzx” is unlikely to be as high as .90; (b) whether selection ratios of .30 or lower are “extreme”; and (c) whether the degree of RR is “little to no” (i.e., ux ≥ .90) in concurrent validation studies, thus no need for correcting for RR in concurrent validation studies. First, our reanalysis of their Table 1 indicates that it is not implausible that “rzx” is as high as .90. Second, several studies report that selection ratios of .30 or lower are not extreme. Finally, our reanalysis of ...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - July 27, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Who needs nature? The influence of employee speciesism on nature-based need satisfaction and subsequent work behavior.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(11), Nov 2023, 1737-1765; doi:10.1037/apl0001104Scholars have long upheld the notion that exposure to nature benefits individuals. Recently, organizational researchers have theorized that these benefits extend to the workplace, leading to calls for organizations to incorporate contact with nature into employees’ jobs. However, it is unclear whether the effects of nature are strong enough to meaningfully impact employee performance, thereby justifying organizations’ investments in them. In this research, we draw on self-determination theory to develop a theoretical model predicting...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - July 13, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Comparing forced-choice and single-stimulus personality scores on a level playing field: A meta-analysis of psychometric properties and susceptibility to faking.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(11), Nov 2023, 1812-1833; doi:10.1037/apl0001099Forced-choice (FC) personality assessments have shown potential in mitigating the effects of faking. Yet despite increased attention and usage, there exist gaps in understanding the psychometric properties of FC assessments, and particularly when compared to traditional single-stimulus (SS) measures. The present study conducted a series of meta-analyses comparing the psychometric properties of FC and SS assessments after placing them on an equal playing field—by restricting to only studies that examined matched assessments of each form...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - June 15, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The forgotten side of empowering others: How lower social structural empowerment attenuates the effects of empowering leadership on employee psychological empowerment and performance.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(11), Nov 2023, 1856-1880; doi:10.1037/apl0001100Theory and research have widely argued for and documented positive impacts of empowering leadership on employee psychological empowerment, putting empowering leadership on a pedestal depicting it as a panacea for increasing psychological empowerment. However, we argue that this could be due to not considering social structural empowerment (i.e., a construct manifested in employees’ beliefs about their access to resources, access to information, and sociopolitical support) as a so far “forgotten side” of empowerment. Using empowerme...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - June 12, 2023 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
