The impact of supportive leadership on employee outcomes during organizational mergers: An organizational-level field study.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(4), Apr 2023, 686-697; doi:10.1037/apl0001042Past merger and acquisition research has reported mixed findings on the impact of mergers on workforces. To address these ambiguities and advance merger research at the organizational level of analysis, we present a natural quasi-experiment focusing on mergers in the English National Health Service. Building on organizational support theory and conservation of resources theory, we propose that merger events represent environmental stressors, with negative implications for employees’ subjective (job satisfaction) and objective (absenteeism...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - September 15, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Serving while being energized (strained)? A dual-path model linking servant leadership to leader psychological strain and job performance.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(4), Apr 2023, 660-675; doi:10.1037/apl0001041Drawing on demands–resources theory, we develop and test a dual-path model to unpack the energizing and draining mechanisms, captured by leader need satisfaction and role conflict, through which servant leadership affects leader psychological strain and job performance. We further identify leader–leader exchange (LLX) as a critical resource moderator that can strengthen the energizing benefit and buffer against the draining cost of servant leadership behaviors. Using five-wave, multisource field data from 474 team leaders, 3,712 followe...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - September 15, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
A field experiment on subgoal framing to boost volunteering: The trade-off between goal granularity and flexibility.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(4), Apr 2023, 621-634; doi:10.1037/apl0001040Research suggests that breaking overarching goals into more granular subgoals is beneficial for goal progress. However, making goals more granular often involves reducing the flexibility provided to complete them, and recent work shows that flexibility can also be beneficial for goal pursuit. We examine this trade-off between granularity and flexibility in subgoals in a preregistered, large-scale field experiment (N = 9,108) conducted over several months with volunteers at a national crisis counseling organization. A preregistered vignette ...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - September 15, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Everything is negotiable, but not for everyone: The role of disability in compensation.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(4), Apr 2023, 571-594; doi:10.1037/apl0001039Although research has examined the role of disability in the employment cycle, the compensation stage of this process has remained nascent. Drawing on the bias literature and expectancy violation theory, disability within the context of salary negotiation is examined across three consecutive studies. Study 1, a vignette experiment, found that fictitious job candidates with disabilities received similar initial salary offerings relative to fictitious job candidates without disabilities. Our finding of a pay similarity in the initial salary o...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - September 15, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Multiple, speeded assessments under scrutiny: Underlying theory, design considerations, reliability, and validity.
This article uses the notions of stimulus and response domain sampling to conceptualize multiple, speeded behavioral job simulations as a hybrid of established simulation-based selection methods. Next, we draw upon the thin slices of behavior paradigm to theorize about the quality of ratings made in multiple, speeded behavioral simulations. In two studies, various assessor pools assessed a sample of 96 MBA students in 18 3-min role-plays designed to capture situations in the junior management domain. At the individual speeded role-play level, reliability and validity were not ensured. Yet, aggregated across all assessors...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - September 15, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
A matter of when, not whether: A meta-analysis of modesty bias in East Asian self-ratings of job performance.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(2), Feb 2023, 291-306; doi:10.1037/apl0001046Much attention has been paid to the question of whether there is a modesty bias in East Asian employees’ self-ratings of job performance (i.e., a tendency to self-rate their performance lower than supervisors rate it). However, empirical results are conflicting, with some studies supporting the modesty bias and others not supporting it. We suggest that moderators representing boundary conditions for the modesty bias effect may shed light on these conflicting results. In essence, the question should not be “whether there is a modesty bia...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - September 15, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Toward a better understanding of the causal effects of role demands on work–family conflict: A genetic modeling approach.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(3), Mar 2023, 520-539; doi:10.1037/apl0001032Over the past several decades, there has been considerable interest in the theoretical causes of work–family conflict (WFC). Most studies have focused on situational determinants, often ignoring the role of personal factors such as disposition and heritable elements. We increase understanding of person versus situation influences on WFC through estimation of the relationship between role demands and WFC after controlling for genetic confounding, measured personality traits, family confounds, and other stable dispositions. Based on twin da...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - August 29, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Stopping surface-acting spillover: A transactional theory of stress perspective.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(3), Mar 2023, 466-491; doi:10.1037/apl0001031Faking one’s emotional display to fit situational norms, otherwise known as surface acting, has long been regarded as harmful to employees at work. A nascent body of literature has begun to examine the detriments of surface acting beyond the workplace, particularly as they spill over into the homelife. We articulate how the transactional theory of stress serves as a unifying framework that not only explains why surface acting tends to deplete employees and leads to maladaptive responses at home but also what coping strategies can be utili...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - August 25, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Feeling possessive, performing well? Effects of job-based psychological ownership on territoriality, information exchange, and job performance.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(3), Mar 2023, 403-424; doi:10.1037/apl0001027Job-based psychological ownership arises when workers develop personal feelings of possession over various aspects of a job. Drawing on conservation of resources and regulatory focus theory, the current research adopts a resource-based perspective to suggest a double-edged effect on job performance, mediated by three forms of territoriality (marking, defending, expanding) and information exchange and moderated by individual regulatory focus. With a multistep process in Study 1, the authors develop and validate a territorial expanding scale....
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - August 25, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Makeup calls in organizations: An application of justice to the study of bad calls.
This article contributes to the literature not only by providing insight into the experience of actors who provide unfair treatment to others but also by exploring the behavioral remedies that actors use to restore justice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Journal of Applied Psychology)
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - August 4, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The cost of managing impressions for Black employees: An expectancy violation theory perspective.
This study identifies a unique bias faced by Black employees which makes it challenging for this group to manage their professional image. Integrating research on racial backlash, image management, and expectancy violation theory, we argue that self-promotion by Black employees will result in detrimental outcomes for this group compared to White, Hispanic, and Asian employees. Due to negative racial stereotypes related to their job competence, we hypothesize that self-promotion by Black employees will be viewed by their White managers as a violation of stereotypically appropriate behavior and will result in a backlash in t...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - August 1, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Perceived misalignment of professional prototypes reduces subordinates’ endorsement of sexist supervisors.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(4), Apr 2023, 676-685; doi:10.1037/apl0001038Despite decades of efforts, many organizations still have sexist supervisors—those in supervisory positions who define their profession by primarily stereotypically masculine features. As a result of their “masculine” professional prototypes, sexist supervisors see their work as a “man’s job” in which women cannot succeed. Research suggests that one problem posed by sexist supervisors is that they may pass their biased views on to subordinates who endorse them as leaders. To make this less likely, we test in two experiments (N =...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - July 28, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The benefits of cognitive style versatility for collaborative work.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(4), Apr 2023, 647-659; doi:10.1037/apl0001035A growing body of the literature shows the influence of cognitive styles, which capture the ways individuals share, encode, and process information, and their implications for collaboration. We build on this literature to investigate the special contributions of individuals with cognitive style versatility, or facility in more than one cognitive style, for improving teams’ collaborative performance. In two studies, including a total of 452 participants in 132 teams, we observe that the presence of cognitively versatile individuals has dir...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - July 28, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Cannabis use does not increase actual creativity but biases evaluations of creativity.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(4), Apr 2023, 635-646; doi:10.1037/apl0000599In this research, we examine the effects of cannabis use on creativity and evaluations of creativity. Drawing on both the broaden-and-build theory and the affect-as-information model, we propose that cannabis use would facilitate more creativity as well as more favorable evaluations of creativity via cannabis-induced joviality. We tested this prediction in two experiments, wherein participants were randomly assigned to either a cannabis use or cannabis abstinence condition. We find support for our prediction that cannabis use facilitates jo...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - July 28, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Goal progress velocity as a determinant of shortcut behaviors.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(4), Apr 2023, 553-570; doi:10.1037/apl0001037Employees often have a great deal of work to accomplish within stringent deadlines. Therefore, employees may engage in shortcut behaviors, which involve eschewing standard procedures during goal pursuit to save time. However, shortcuts can lead to negative consequences such as poor-quality work, accidents, and even large-scale disasters. Despite these implications, few studies have investigated the antecedents of shortcut behaviors. In this research, we propose that employees engage in shortcut behaviors to regulate their velocity (i.e., ra...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - July 28, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
