Justice change matters: Approach and avoidance mechanisms underlying the regulation of justice over time.
The experience of justice is a dynamic phenomenon that changes over time, yet few studies have directly examined justice change. In this article, we integrate theories of self-regulation and group engagement to derive predictions about the consequences of justice change. We posit that justice change is an important factor because, as suggested by self-regulation theory, people are particularly sensitive to change. Also consistent with self-regulation, we posit that experiencing justice change will influence behavior via separate approach and avoidance systems. Across three multiwave and multisource field studies, we found ...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - December 23, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
How and when service beneficiaries’ gratitude enriches employees’ daily lives.
Conventional research on gratitude has focused on the benefits of expressing or experiencing gratitude for the individual. However, recent theory and research have highlighted that there may too be benefits associated with receiving others’ gratitude. Grounded in the Work–Home Resources model, we develop a conceptual model to understand whether, how, and for whom service providers (i.e., healthcare professionals) benefit from receiving service beneficiaries’ (i.e., patients) gratitude in their daily work. We hypothesize that perceived gratitude from service beneficiaries enhances service providers’ relational energ...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - December 23, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
When discretionary boundary spanning relationships cease becoming discretionary: The impact of closed ties on informal leadership perceptions.
In this study, we draw upon Simmelian Tie Theory (STT) to examine the relationship between different types of DBS and formal leaders’ perceptions of a subordinate’s informal leadership and performance. We empirically document that a small number of closed task-oriented and closed friendship-oriented DBSs are instrumental in helping individuals demonstrate informal leadership. However, we also show that DBS places constraints on informal leadership when closed ties become too numerous. This results in an inverted-U relationship between the number of closed DBS ties and perceptions of leadership where the apex (i.e., poi...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - December 23, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Pushing the boundaries: A qualitative study of how stem women adapted to disrupted work–nonwork boundaries during the COVID-19 pandemic.
National reports widely publicized that the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic’s disruption of work–nonwork boundaries impacted women’s careers negatively, as many exited their jobs to manage nonwork demands. We know less about the adaptations made by highly career-invested women to remain in the workforce in occupations where they are extremely under-represented. Based on qualitative data from 763 academic Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics (STEM) women at 202 universities, we examined adaptation to disrupted work–nonwork boundaries and identified workplace contextual features associated with these...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - December 6, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Employees’ reactions toward COVID-19 information exposure: Insights from terror management theory and generativity theory.
As the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has imposed significant risks to our health and affected our social and economic order, information on COVID-19 becomes readily accessible via various mass media and social media. In the current research, we aim to understand the impacts of employees’ exposure to COVID-19 information on their workplace behaviors. Integrating Terror Management Theory (TMT; Becker, 1973; Greenberg et al., 1986) with Generativity Theory (Erikson, 1963, 1982), we proposed and investigated two psychological mechanisms (i.e., death anxiety and generativity-based death reflection) that account for the effec...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - December 6, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Teamwork in the time of COVID-19: Creating, dissolving, and reactivating network ties in response to a crisis.
We present a field study conducted in a multinational industrial manufacturing company in China investigating network churn during the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings show that, during a crisis, job performance is positively related to the volume of inter-team tie creation and inter-team tie reactivation, but not intra-team tie creation and intra-team tie reactivation. Job performance is not related to the volume of intra- and inter-team tie dissolution. The study provides early, yet important insights into the interplay between crisis and organizational social networks. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reser...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - December 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Remote worker communication during COVID-19: The role of quantity, quality, and supervisor expectation-setting.
Given the huge increase in remote work that has accompanied the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, understanding predictors of performance and wellbeing among remote workers has never been more timely. Effective communication is commonly cited as key to remote worker success, yet communication variables are rarely incorporated into remote work research. In the present study, we examined the relationship between communication frequency, communication quality, and supervisor-set communication expectations with daily job performance and burnout in an occupationally-diverse sample of employees. We used an experience samp...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - December 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Working from home during COVID-19: A study of the interruption landscape.
We examine how the shift toward intensive work-from-home during the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted the experience of interruptions during work time. We conducted a two-wave survey of 249 employees working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic. Building on a conceptual framework and typology (Leroy et al., 2020), we examine changes in the prevalence of interruptions since-COVID-19 as a function of interruption type (intrusions, distractions, breaks, multitasking, and surprises), source (work-based vs. nonwork), and timing (pre- vs. since-COVID-19). We find a large increase in interruptions since-COVID...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - December 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Sacrificing heroes or suffering victims? Investigating third parties’ reactions to divergent social accounts of essential employees in the COVID-19 pandemic.
As the COVID-19 pandemic rages on globally, essential employees are widely recognized as heroes working on the frontlines confronting the virus and serving others. At the same time, stories abound whereby these essential employees are not provided adequate support and protection on their jobs. Nevertheless, they have been portrayed predominantly as heroes rather than as victims, which may inadvertently lead third parties (e.g., the general public) to overlook their suffering. The current research sought to understand the implications of these divergent social accounts of essential employees for third parties. We investigat...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - December 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Ethical incidents reported by industrial-organizational psychologists: A ten-year follow-up.
This article reports the results of an ethics survey of professional members of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP/APA-Div. 14) conducted in 2019, and compares its findings with those of a similar survey conducted in 2009. In 2019, but not 2009, international members and associates were included. A total of 680 survey responses were received in 2019, with 157 of them describing a narrative incident of a recently experienced ethical situation. In 2009, 228 of 661 respondents described a total of 292 incidents. Respondents were asked to categorize and rate their incidents on a variety of attribute...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - November 22, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The (in)congruence effect of leaders’ narcissism identity and reputation on performance: A socioanalytic multistakeholder perspective.
Judgments about others’ personal characteristics intertwine with social interactions in the workplace. The personality and social psychology literatures show forming impressions of what others are like is vitally important, in part, because it facilitates the forecasting and acceptance of others’ behavior. Interestingly, very few studies consider others’ (i.e., subordinates) judgments about their leaders’ personality and whether correspondence between leaders’ self-perceptions and these others’ judgments is capable of providing meaningful and unique information. Using a socioanalytic perspective that considers ...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - November 11, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Protecting their turf: When and why supervisors undermine employee boundary spanning.
The benefits boundary spanners offer organizations by bridging information silos are well documented. However, informational boundary spanning also implies crossing organizational territories, as employees seek advice from others outside their supervisors’ control. Applying a territoriality theory lens, we develop new insights about when and why supervisors may view their subordinates’ informational boundary-spanning activities unfavorably and attempt to undermine boundary spanners. We argue that undermining results from supervisors perceiving the boundary spanning of their employees as weakening their control over the...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - November 11, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Resilience in organization-related research: An integrative conceptual review across disciplines and levels of analysis.
Resilience is a topic of growing interest in the literature focused on organizations. There is an extensive research on resilience but it is embedded in a variety of disconnected literatures that have developed in different research fields, involving varying levels of analysis and different subconstructs. This has resulted in a general confusion surrounding the concept of resilience and its relationship to similar constructs. In this paper, we synthesize this fragmented literature to better understand organization-related resilience and set the stage for future work in this area. First, based on a bibliographic coupling an...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - November 11, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Challenging conclusions about predictive bias against Hispanic test takers in personnel selection.
Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 108(2), Feb 2023, 341-349; doi:10.1037/apl0000978Berry et al. (2020) noted that predictive bias is a function of three factors: subgroup mean difference on the predictor (dx), subgroup mean difference on the criterion (dy), and test validity (rxy). They used meta-analytic estimates of each of these three to examine predictive bias against Hispanic test takers when cognitive tests are used in personnel selection. They found that tests underpredict Hispanic job performance by an average of .21 SDs, which would call into question the fairness of cognitive test use in personnel selection. We ...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - November 4, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Is physical activity before the end of the workday a drain or a gain? Daily implications on work focus in regular exercisers.
Although organizations increasingly offer wellness programs that enable employees to work out before or during work, it remains unknown what implications physical activity before or during the workday might have for work outcomes. Whereas a workout might be rewarding, especially for those who enjoy exercise, working out might also be draining, especially for those who are less intrinsically motivated to exercise. Integrating the Work–Home Resources model with self-determination theory, we develop and test theory which identifies how physical activity before the end of the workday might exert countervailing effects by imp...
Source: Journal of Applied Psychology - November 4, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
