Current Treatment Options in Allergy 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Alpha-Gal Syndrome: Clinical Presentation, New Concepts, and Unmet Needs
Opinion statementFor decades, carbohydrate determinants were seen as cross-reactive structures without clinical impact. The discovery of specific IgE to the carbohydrate galactose- α-1,3-galactose, called α-gal, changed our perspective on the allergenic potential of carbohydrate determinants. α-Gal is present in tissues of non-primate mammals and, upon ingestion, can provoke a delayed form of allergic reaction in sensitized patients. We are faced with a new and unique entit y of allergy with high clinical relevance in food allergy and anaphylaxis to drugs derived from mammalian products. Tick bites are assumed to consti...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Allergy - June 2, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Wheat-Dependent Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis
Opinion statementWheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA) is presently gaining attention. Patients with WDEIA experience allergic symptoms when they exercise following wheat consumption. Some patients may be advised to restrict wheat consumption or exercise because of repeated allergic symptoms without adequate diagnosis or examination. Japanese guidelines recommend that WDEIA should be diagnosed using provocation tests with wheat and exercise. After wheat consumption, patients exercise using a treadmill or an ergometer during provocation tests. Once WDEIA is diagnosed, patients should not consume wheat before ...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Allergy - June 1, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
How to Manage Drug-Induced Exanthema in Children
Opinion statementExanthemas are frequently encountered in the pediatric population and often occur while patients concomitantly receive a drug, leading to a high prevalence of suspicion of drug allergy in children. Although the vast majority of these exanthemas are due to the underlying infection, most of those patients are falsely labeled as “drug allergic” without appropriate testing, mostly due to fear of life-threatening reactions. Overdiagnosis of drug allergy constitutes a major public health problem by increasing health costs and by contributing to overall antibiotic resistance. Thus, an accurate diagnosis is co...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Allergy - May 30, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Mast Cell Diseases and Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions
Opinion statementMastocytosis is a clonal disorder characterized by the proliferation and accumulation of mast cells (MCs) in different tissues, with a preferential localization in skin and bone marrow (BM). Patients with cutaneous and systemic mastocytosis could present symptoms, including immediate and severe hypersensitivity reactions, related to the increase of MC releasability and to the excess of mast cell in the tissues. Mastocytosis in adults is associated with a history of anaphylaxis in 22 –49%. Hymenoptera stings represent the more frequent elicitor of anaphylaxis, sometimes fatal, in mastocytosis patients. Mo...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Allergy - May 30, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Approach to Severe Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions
Opinion StatementSevere cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCARs) can occur at any age and can be life threatening, although some drugs have been more frequently reported than others. The spectrum of SCARs includes acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome, also known as drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DiHS) or hypersensitivity syndrome (HSS), Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). Immediate withdrawal of the offending drug is the mainstay treatment in SCARs, and rechallenge often leads to recurrent reactio...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Allergy - May 13, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Current Standards and Improvements in the Use of SLIT Tablets for Allergen Immunotherapy
Opinion statementThe clinical use of sublingual allergen immunotherapy (SLIT) can be traced back several decades. Ever since that first use, scientists have sought to develop new ways of application for immunotherapy. SLIT with aqueous formulations was mainly used but has a number of practical limitations, such as the need for refrigeration, poor dosing accuracy, and allergen spreading from the sublingual zone to other enoral and pharyngeal regions. Solid pharmaceutical formulations of allergen extracts in the form of freeze-dried sublingual tablets have been first clinically studied in the 1990s and were followed by DBPC ...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Allergy - May 13, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Usefulness of Biomarkers in Work-Related Airway Disease
Opinion statementDetermination of biomarkers may be useful in the surveillance of occupational exposure and workers ’ health. The possibility of predicting development/clinical course of specific disorders or current disease, diagnosing in early steps, and health condition monitoring is a real necessity. Various agents present in the workplace environment (or their metabolites) can be measured in samples posses sed from human body (blood and urine, saliva, etc.). On the other hand, inhalant exposure may induce specific or non-specific, local or systemic, acute or chronic biological response expressed by synthesis or rele...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Allergy - May 11, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Epidemiology and Risk Factors in Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions
This article will discuss general limitations of the available epidemiological data on DHR and will present an in-depth review of the main identified risk factors for drug reactions with special focus on genetic findings. (Source: Current Treatment Options in Allergy)
Source: Current Treatment Options in Allergy - May 9, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) in the Screening and Diagnosis Work-Up of Occupational Asthma
Opinion StatementFeNO is a simple non-invasive tool used as a surrogate marker of airway inflammation in the management of asthma. FeNO has been assessed in several populations of workers exposed to high- and low-molecular weight agents. However, there are many confounding factors to consider in the interpretation of FeNO. As such, its use in the investigation of occupational asthma (OA) has yielded inconsistent results. In screening studies of OA to high molecular weight (HMW) agents, an increase of FeNO over time has been associated with the development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR). When used in the investigati...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Allergy - May 8, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
United Airway Disease in Occupational Allergy
Opinion StatementThe term “united airway disease” has been used since 2000 to describe the strong association between asthma and rhinitis. Although this term is not extensively used, it refers to the fact that asthma and rhinitis are frequently associated and share common risk factors, causal agents and mechanisms. Simil arly, since 2010 the term occupational united airway disease has been used to describe the strong association between occupational asthma and rhinitis. Rhinitis and occupational rhinitis are less severe diseases but more frequent than asthma and occupational asthma, respectively. Every year several cas...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Allergy - May 8, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Management of Respiratory Symptoms Induced by Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Opinion StatementNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)-exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD) is defined by the combination of chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps, bronchial asthma, and hypersensitivity reactions involving upper and/or lower airways after the exposure to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and other NSAIDs. However, airway inflammation occurs even in the absence of exposure to these drugs, leading to disease progression with aggressive polyp formation and non-optimal controlled asthma and rhinosinusitis. In this review, we discuss current and potential management strategies of NERD. This management should...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Allergy - May 6, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
New Eliciting Agents of Occupational Asthma
Opinion statementOccupational asthma is a type of asthma that arises from exposures in the workplace. There are more than 400 known causes of occupational asthma and the list is growing. New causes of allergic occupational asthma involving high and low molecular weight agents are continuously being reported. Their knowledge is important for physicians and occupational health and safety professionals to maintain a high level of suspicion in exposed workers to these substances. The majority of new causes of allergic occupational asthma between 2011 and mid-2016 were seen with high-molecular-weight agents. Most new cases are ...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Allergy - May 6, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Component-Resolved and Complementary Tests in the Diagnosis of Occupational Allergy: Advantages and Limitations
Opinion StatementEnhancing the repertoire of in vitro methods together with the development of recombinant technology in the field of allergy diagnosis brought tremendous advances in understanding allergens, allergic reactions, and patients ’ care. This review is focusing not only on component-resolved diagnosis with occupational allergens, complementary methods, their advantages to improve the in vitro diagnosis for occupational allergy but also their limitations. Up to now, the number of occupational asthma sensitizers characterize d on the molecular level and their availability for routine diagnosis is very low. One e...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Allergy - May 6, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Infrequent Treatments for Occupational Asthma: Immunotherapy and Biological Therapy
Opinion StatementOccupational asthma is an important social, health, and economic burden in our society, but its treatment options have not been yet sufficiently explored. Drug therapies do not differ much from ordinary asthma treatments, and avoidance is the main managing option for this condition. However, other therapeutic options like immunotherapy and biological therapies have not been used as in other asthma and rhinitis etiologies. Occupational asthma has different pathomechanisms depending of its triggers, but in immunological IgE-dependent asthma, these therapies can be fairly efficient. Not many immunotherapy stu...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Allergy - May 6, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Occupational Asthma in the Food Industry
Opinion statementInhalation of food-derived allergens during food processing at the workplace represents a risk for developing occupational asthma (OA) in exposed workers. Cereal flours and seafood are the causal agents most frequently involved. The management of food-derived OA includes timely pharmacologic therapy and environmental interventions aimed to avoid or reduce exposure to the offending agent to increase the probability of recovery. Cessation of exposure is the best option, but when the causative agent cannot be completely avoided reduction of exposure, through modification of food processing, improving ventilat...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Allergy - May 3, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
