Causes of False-Positive Radioactive Iodine Uptake in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
We report a patient with differentiated thyroid cancer who was found to have Mycobacterium avium complex infection as the cause of false-positive RAI uptake in the lungs. Using this case example, we discuss and summarize findings from the literature on etiologies of false-positive RAI uptake. We also supplement additional original images illustrating other examples of false RAI uptake.SummaryFalse-positive RAI uptake may arise from different causes and RAI scans need to be interpreted in the context of the patient ’s history and corresponding cross-sectional imaging findings on workup. Understanding the potential pitfall...
Source: Current Radiology Reports - May 19, 2021 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Periprocedural Anticoagulation and Antiplatelet Medications Management for Interventional Radiology Procedures
AbstractPurpose of ReviewA large subset of patients undergoing Interventional Radiology procedures are on anticoagulation and/or antiplatelet therapy. Therefore, careful assessment of the coagulation status should be part of every patient's preprocedural evaluation to minimize the risk of bleeding. Every Interventional radiologist should be aware of the different medications that can affect coagulation parameters and how to properly manage them.Recent FindingsAfter a thorough literature search, the most recent and relevant articles on periprocedural management of anticoagulation and antiplatelet medications for patients un...
Source: Current Radiology Reports - April 15, 2021 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Endovascular Thrombectomy of COVID-19-Related Large Vessel Occlusion: A Systematic Review and Summary of the Literature
ConclusionDespite angiographically successful EVT of LVOs in the majority of patients, this literature analysis demonstrates overall poor outcomes and high mortality in COVID-19 patients post EVT. An unusual incidence of early intracerebral proximal arterial re-occlusion was notable. (Source: Current Radiology Reports)
Source: Current Radiology Reports - March 8, 2021 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Prostate Multiparametric MRI: Common Pitfalls in Primary Diagnosis and How to Avoid Them
AbstractPurpose of Review
To provide the radiologist with basic knowledge about normal and abnormal findings in the prostatic mp-MRI, taking a look at the possible diagnostic pitfalls commonly seen in daily clinical practice, allowing him to recognize and consequently avoid them.Recent FindingsProstate mp-MRI has now become commonly used in most diagnostic imaging centers, as a precise, accurate and above all non-invasive tool, useful in the diagnosis, staging and follow-up of prostate diseases, first of all prostatic carcinoma. For this reason, it is important to take into account the existence of numerous possible ana...
Source: Current Radiology Reports - January 28, 2021 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Clinical Applications for Doppler Ultrasonography in Obstetrics
This article provides background, clinical context, and updated practical guidance for the use of targeted Doppler ultrasonography in pregnancy. Specific Doppler indices used in the screening, diagnosis, and management of maternal and fetal complications are reviewed. (Source: Current Radiology Reports)
Source: Current Radiology Reports - January 21, 2021 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Fluoroscopy and MRI Induced Skin Injuries: A Review of Diagnostic, Management, and Preventative Principles
This article reviews the risk factors, clinical characteristics, and management strategies for imaging related skin injury relevant to radiologists.Recent FindingsSkin injuries resulting from diagnostic imaging or radiologic interventions are rare complications that receive relatively little attention in the medical literature, but confer significant morbidity. The clinical signs of radiation skin reactions may not present for several weeks to months following exposure, beyond the time frame of typical follow-up for most interventional procedures. Increased vigilance and enhanced follow-up protocols are needed to detect cl...
Source: Current Radiology Reports - January 12, 2021 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Fibroepithelial Lesions of the Breast: A Spectrum
AbstractPurposeFibroepithelial breast lesions are a spectrum of entities ranging from common and benign to uncommon and malignant. Here we review the frequency, demographics, imaging, pathology, and behavior of these different lesions, to make the diagnosis and management of fibroepithelial lesions somewhat less challenging.MethodCurrent literature on fibroepithelial lesions was reviewed. This information was combined with our experience at a single academic institution.FindingsAlthough evaluation with newer technologies such as MRI or immunohistochemistry markers such as Ki67 and VEGF can be used to sort the spectrum of f...
Source: Current Radiology Reports - November 13, 2020 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Imaging of Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors
AbstractPurpose of ReviewGastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a diverse group of neoplasms that arise from cells of the diffuse neuroendocrine system. Neuroendocrine tumors occur throughout the gastrointestinal tract. These tumors can produce a variety of hormones resulting in specific symptoms that may aid in their detection and classification. While all NETs have malignant potential, these tumors vary in their biologic characteristics and potential for metastatic disease. Although several classification schemes for neuroendocrine tumors have been proposed, the World Health Organization classification is curr...
Source: Current Radiology Reports - November 11, 2020 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Scrotal Ultrasound: Updates on Testicular Microlithiasis, Incidental Non-Palpable Lesions, Varicoceles and Testicular Infarction
AbstractPurpose of ReviewUltrasound (US) is the first-line imaging modality when evaluating scrotal pathology. This review will examine some common pathologies that can present diagnostic and clinical ambiguity, including testicular microlithiasis, incidental non-palpable lesions, varicoceles, and testicular infarctions. This review aims to summarize the current literature and evidence-based guidelines for these entities and to describe the important sonographic features for diagnosis as well as discuss associated clinical implications.Recent FindingsCurrent guidelines suggest that management for testicular microlithiasis ...
Source: Current Radiology Reports - November 4, 2020 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Diversity in Radiology
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe proportion of women and under-represented minorities in radiology is not only lower than most specialty fields, but also the rate of change towards the proportions of representation noted in the medical community remains abysmally low. This review was performed to seek the trends in diversity in radiology during recent years.Recent FindingsWhile female medical students account for half of all medical students in the USA during recent years, female radiology residents still make up only about a quarter of all radiology residents, radiology faculty members, and practicing radiologists. Blacks, Hi...
Source: Current Radiology Reports - November 4, 2020 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Multiparametric MRI: Local Staging of Prostate Cancer
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo highlight the recent evidence about the use of mp-MRI in the local staging of prostate cancer, enhancing the potential benefits compared to the known and more invasive canonical staging methods.Recent FindingsMultiparametric magnetic resonance (mp-MRI) plays a key role not only in diagnosis, but also in local staging of prostate cancer, as it can assess with high accuracy the extracapsular extension of the tumor, invasion of seminal vesicles, the involvement of lymph nodes and the presence of possible bone metastases.SummaryProstate cancer is currently the most common male cancer in Europe and i...
Source: Current Radiology Reports - November 4, 2020 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
State of the Art Imaging in Meni ère’s Disease. Tips and Tricks for Protocol and Interpretation
AbstractPurpose of ReviewMeni ère’s disease (MD) is a burdensome and not well understood inner ear disorder that has received increasing attention of scientists over the past decade. Until 2007, a certain diagnosis of endolymphatic hydrops (EH) required post-mortem histology. Today, dedicated high-resolution magnetic resonanc e imaging (MRI) protocols enable detection of disease-related changes in the membranous labyrinth in vivo. In this review, we summarize the current status of MR imaging for MD.Recent FindingsThe mainstays of hydrops imaging are inversion recovery sequences using delayed acquisition after intravenou...
Source: Current Radiology Reports - September 26, 2020 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Functional Imaging of Immunotherapy: Response Criteria, Imaging Characteristics, and Novel Immunoimaging of Advanced Malignancies
This article will provide a review of the mechanism of action of immunotherapy, response criteria used for diagnostic evaluation, imaging features of common irAEs, and novel immunoimaging. (Source: Current Radiology Reports)
Source: Current Radiology Reports - September 17, 2020 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Imaging of Postoperative Biliary Complications
This article provides a review of the broad spectrum of biliary injuries following hepatobiliary surgery, with an emphasis on postcholecystectomy imaging findings. (Source: Current Radiology Reports)
Source: Current Radiology Reports - September 14, 2020 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Acute Findings on FDG PET/CT: Key Imaging Features and How to Differentiate Them from Malignancy
This article will review examples of common acute findings encountered during routine FDG PET/CT scans, compare them against examples of FDG-avid malignancy that can mimic these findings and emphasize key imaging findings to differentiate acute findings from their malignant mimics. (Source: Current Radiology Reports)
Source: Current Radiology Reports - September 11, 2020 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
