Variations in the Design and Use of Attention Control Groups in Type 2 Diabetes Randomized Controlled Trials: a Systematic Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn type 2 diabetes (T2D) research, the phrase “attention control group” (ACGs) has been used with varying descriptions. We aimed to systematically review the variations in the design and use of ACGs for T2D studies.Recent FindingsTwenty studies utilizing ACGs were included in the final evaluation. Control group activities had the potential to influence the primary outcome of the study in 13 of the 20 articles. Prevention of contamination across groups was not mentioned in 45% of the articles. Eighty-five percent of articles met or somewhat met the criteria for having comparable activities betwe...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - June 9, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Models Predicting Postpartum Glucose Intolerance Among Women with a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a Systematic Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDespite the crucial role that prediction models play in guiding early risk stratification and timely intervention to prevent type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), their use is not widespread in clinical practice. The purpose of this review is to examine the methodological characteristics and quality of existing prognostic models predicting postpartum glucose intolerance following GDM.Recent Findings.A systematic review was conducted on relevant risk prediction models, resulting in 15 eligible publications from research groups in various countries. Our review found that traditio...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - June 9, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Does COVID-19 Infection Increase the Risk of Diabetes? Current Evidence
AbstractPurpose of ReviewMultiple studies report an increased incidence of diabetes following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Given the potential increased global burden of diabetes, understanding the effect of SARS-CoV-2 in the epidemiology of diabetes is important. Our aim was to review the evidence pertaining to the risk of incident diabetes after COVID-19 infection.Recent FindingsIncident diabetes risk increased by approximately 60% compared to patients without SARS-CoV-2 infection. Risk also increased compared to non-COVID-19 respiratory infections, suggesting SARS-CoV-2-mediated mechanisms rather than general morbidity after r...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - June 7, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Challenges and Opportunities in Diagnosis and Management of Cardiometabolic Risk in Adolescents
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review aims to elucidate the limitations of diagnosing metabolic syndrome in adolescents as well as challenges and opportunities in the identification and reduction of cardiometabolic risk in this population.Recent FindingsThere are multiple criticisms of how we define and approach obesity in clinical practice and scientific research, and weight stigma further complicates the process of making and communicating weight-related diagnoses. While the goal of diagnosing and managing metabolic syndrome in adolescents would be to identify individuals at elevated future cardiometabolic risk and interv...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - June 5, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Surgical Management of Diabetic Macular Edema
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDiabetic macular edema (DME) is the accumulation of fluid in the extracellular space within the macula and is a major cause of visual impairment among patients with diabetes. First-line treatment for DME includes pharmacotherapy with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor medications and intravitreal corticosteroids. Alternative therapeutic strategies include laser photocoagulation for non-center involving DME, and surgical options such as pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with or without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peel in cases with vitreoretinal interface anomalies or DME refractory...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 26, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Comparative Analysis of Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Pharmacological Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Latin America
AbstractPurpose of Review
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the world. The majority of diabetes deaths (> 80%) occur in low- and middle-income countries, which are predominant in Latin America. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to compare the clinical practice guideline (CPG) for the pharmacological management of T2DM in Latin America (LA) with international reference guidelines.Recent FindingsSeveral LA countries have recently developed CPGs. However, the quality of these guidelines is unknown according to the AGREE II tool and taking as reference thre...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 26, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Prevalence of Diabetes in Patients with Hyperuricemia and Gout: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of diabetes in patients with hyperuricemia and gout.Recent FindingsPrevious studies have confirmed that hyperuricemia and gout are associated with an increased risk of diabetes. A previous meta-analysis indicated that the prevalence of diabetes in patients with gout is 16%.SummaryThirty-eight studies (458,256 patients) were included in the meta-analysis. The combined prevalence of diabetes among patients with hyperuricemia and gout were 19.10% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 17.60-20.60; I2 = 99.40%) and 16.70% (95% CI: 15.10-18....
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 26, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Implementation of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Critical Care: A Scoping Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe aim of this review is to identify the implementation approaches, strategies, and outcomes for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in the intensive care unit (ICU). Medline and Web of Science databases were searched to report relevant literature published between September 12, 2016 and September 12, 2021. Implementation outcomes and strategies, defined by the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) project, were extracted.Recent FindingsOf the 324 titles reviewed, 16 articles were included in the review. While no studies were identified as implementation research, 14 of 16 identifi...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 26, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Is Diabetes Mellitus a Predisposing Factor for Helicobacter pylori Infections?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review aims to analyse the consistency of reports suggesting the role of Diabetes Mellitus in the pathogenesis ofHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori).Recent FindingsThere have been numerous controversies citing the prevalence ofH. pylori infections in patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This review investigates the possible crosstalk betweenH. pylori infections and T2DM and also designs a meta-analysis to quantify the association. Subgroup analyses have also been conducted to deduce factors like geography and testing techniques, in playing a role in stratification analysis.Summ...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 22, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
The Impact of New and Renewed Restrictive State Abortion Laws on Pregnancy-Capable People with Diabetes
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWhen the Supreme Court handed down its decision inDobbs v Jackson Women ’s Health Organization in June 2022, the constitutional right to abortion was no longer protected byRoe v Wade. Fifteen states now have total or near-total bans on abortion care or no clinics providing abortion services. We review how these restrictions affect the medical care of people with pregestational diabetes.Recent FindingsOf the ten states with the highest percent of adult women living with diabetes, eight currently have complete or 6-week abortion bans. People with diabetes are at high risk of diabetes-related pregna...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 22, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Is Diabetes Mellitus a Predisposing Factor for Helicobacter pylori Infections?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review aims to analyse the consistency of reports suggesting the role of Diabetes Mellitus in the pathogenesis ofHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori).Recent FindingsThere have been numerous controversies citing the prevalence ofH. pylori infections in patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This review investigates the possible crosstalk betweenH. pylori infections and T2DM and also designs a meta-analysis to quantify the association. Subgroup analyses have also been conducted to deduce factors like geography and testing techniques, in playing a role in stratification analysis.Summ...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 22, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
The Impact of New and Renewed Restrictive State Abortion Laws on Pregnancy-Capable People with Diabetes
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWhen the Supreme Court handed down its decision inDobbs v Jackson Women ’s Health Organization in June 2022, the constitutional right to abortion was no longer protected byRoe v Wade. Fifteen states now have total or near-total bans on abortion care or no clinics providing abortion services. We review how these restrictions affect the medical care of people with pregestational diabetes.Recent FindingsOf the ten states with the highest percent of adult women living with diabetes, eight currently have complete or 6-week abortion bans. People with diabetes are at high risk of diabetes-related pregna...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 22, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Sleep Apnea, Obesity, and Diabetes — an Intertwined Trio
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo synthesize the existing literature regarding the complex interplay between sleep disturbance, obesity, and diabetes. The review emphasizes the three pillars of health being diet, exercise, and sleep, with the notion that if one is ignored, then the other two could suffer.Recent FindingsSleep deprivation is associated with incident obesity, perhaps mediated by dysregulation in leptin and ghrelin — hormones important in regulation of appetite. Sleep apnea is very common particularly among obese people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Treatment of sleep apnea has clear symptomatic benefits although...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 6, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: Burden of Complications and Socioeconomic Cost
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWith the rise in prevalence of youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2DM), it is imperative to understand the clinical burden of the disease and the socioeconomic burden this disease imposes. We review the most recent data on youth-onset T2DM, including its pathophysiology, complications, and treatment. We also review existing data to determine the socioeconomic burden of youth-onset T2DM.Recent FindingsThe incidence of youth-onset T2DM is rising, and significantly accelerated following the COVID-19 pandemic. Youth with T2DM are more frequently from families of racial/ethnic minorities and lower socioecono...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - May 1, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
