The Role of Ultra-Widefield Fundus Imaging and Fluorescein Angiography in Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy
AbstractPurpose of ReviewEarly detection and treatment are important for preventing vision loss from diabetic retinopathy. Historically, the gold standard for grading diabetic retinopathy has been based on 7-field 30-degree color fundus photographs that capture roughly the central third of the retina. Our aim was to review recent literature on the role of ultra-widefield (allowing capture of up to 82% of the retina in one frame) fundus imaging in screening, prognostication, and treatment of diabetic retinopathy.Recent FindingsUltra-widefield fundus imaging can capture peripheral retinal lesions outside the traditional 7-fi...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - August 27, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Molecular Aspects in the Potential of Vitamins and Supplements for Treating Diabetic Neuropathy
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo discuss and provide evidence-based data on dietary supplements as part of treating diabetic neuropathyRecent FindingsFew randomized controlled trials are available, but some have shown beneficial efficacy of various dietary supplements on objective primary endpoints including nerve conduction velocities and axon potentials as well as subjective patient-reported outcomes.SummaryNo medical cure for diabetic neuropathy exists, and prevention is therefore crucial. Tight glucose control slows the progression of nerve damage in diabetes, but an unmet clinical need for effective interventions is warran...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - August 27, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Efficacy of Ketogenic Diets on Type 2 Diabetes: a Systematic Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo assess the pleiotropic effects of ketogenic diets (KD) on glucose control, changes in medication, and weight loss in individuals with type 2 diabetes, and to evaluate its practical feasibilityRecent FindingsKD results in improved HbA1c already after 3 weeks, and the effect seems to persist for at least 1 year. This is associated with a reduction in glucose-lowering medications. The weight loss observed after a short time period seems to be maintained with a long-term diet. Adequate support (supportive psychological counseling, enhancing positive affectivity, reinforcing mindful eating) is necess...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - August 27, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
The Role of Ultra-Widefield Fundus Imaging and Fluorescein Angiography in Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy
AbstractPurpose of ReviewEarly detection and treatment are important for preventing vision loss from diabetic retinopathy. Historically, the gold standard for grading diabetic retinopathy has been based on 7-field 30-degree color fundus photographs that capture roughly the central third of the retina. Our aim was to review recent literature on the role of ultra-widefield (allowing capture of up to 82% of the retina in one frame) fundus imaging in screening, prognostication, and treatment of diabetic retinopathy.Recent FindingsUltra-widefield fundus imaging can capture peripheral retinal lesions outside the traditional 7-fi...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - August 27, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Molecular Aspects in the Potential of Vitamins and Supplements for Treating Diabetic Neuropathy
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo discuss and provide evidence-based data on dietary supplements as part of treating diabetic neuropathyRecent FindingsFew randomized controlled trials are available, but some have shown beneficial efficacy of various dietary supplements on objective primary endpoints including nerve conduction velocities and axon potentials as well as subjective patient-reported outcomes.SummaryNo medical cure for diabetic neuropathy exists, and prevention is therefore crucial. Tight glucose control slows the progression of nerve damage in diabetes, but an unmet clinical need for effective interventions is warran...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - August 27, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Efficacy of Ketogenic Diets on Type 2 Diabetes: a Systematic Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo assess the pleiotropic effects of ketogenic diets (KD) on glucose control, changes in medication, and weight loss in individuals with type 2 diabetes, and to evaluate its practical feasibilityRecent FindingsKD results in improved HbA1c already after 3 weeks, and the effect seems to persist for at least 1 year. This is associated with a reduction in glucose-lowering medications. The weight loss observed after a short time period seems to be maintained with a long-term diet. Adequate support (supportive psychological counseling, enhancing positive affectivity, reinforcing mindful eating) is necess...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - August 27, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Toward a New Staging System for Diabetic Retinopathy Using Wide Field Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
AbstractPurpose of ReviewFor over 50 years, diabetic retinopathy (DR) has been classified by pathologic features seen on clinical examination and conventional retinal photographs. However, newer technology such as optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) now enables rapid acquisition of retinal structural and vascular information in a reliable, non-invasive, high-resolution fashion. Here, we highlight recent studies that have explored wide field swept-source OCTA (WF SS-OCTA) for the diagnosis and management of DR.Recent FindingsMultiple studies have demonstrated the utility of WF SS-OCTA for detection of all clinic...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - August 26, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Cardiovascular Risk Management in Type 1 Diabetes
AbstractPurpose of reviewType 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with increased mortality, with premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) a major factor. To date, research has identified multiple risk factors for this excess CVD liability. However, gaps remain in our understanding of the underlying mechanisms.Recent findingsT1DM is generally diagnosed at a young age. Since cardiovascular complications often only manifest at a later stage of life, there is generally less focus in earlier years on reducing CVD risk for affected individuals. This is an area that requires improvement as risk factors might be managed from ea...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - August 26, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Toward a New Staging System for Diabetic Retinopathy Using Wide Field Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
AbstractPurpose of ReviewFor over 50 years, diabetic retinopathy (DR) has been classified by pathologic features seen on clinical examination and conventional retinal photographs. However, newer technology such as optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) now enables rapid acquisition of retinal structural and vascular information in a reliable, non-invasive, high-resolution fashion. Here, we highlight recent studies that have explored wide field swept-source OCTA (WF SS-OCTA) for the diagnosis and management of DR.Recent FindingsMultiple studies have demonstrated the utility of WF SS-OCTA for detection of all clinic...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - August 26, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Cardiovascular Risk Management in Type 1 Diabetes
AbstractPurpose of reviewType 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with increased mortality, with premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) a major factor. To date, research has identified multiple risk factors for this excess CVD liability. However, gaps remain in our understanding of the underlying mechanisms.Recent findingsT1DM is generally diagnosed at a young age. Since cardiovascular complications often only manifest at a later stage of life, there is generally less focus in earlier years on reducing CVD risk for affected individuals. This is an area that requires improvement as risk factors might be managed from ea...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - August 26, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
The Role of Hexokinase Domain Containing Protein-1 in Glucose Regulation During Pregnancy
AbstractPurpose of ReviewGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication conferring an increased risk to the individual of developing type 2 diabetes. As such, a thorough understanding of the pathophysiology of GDM is warranted. Hexokinase domain containing protein-1 (HKDC1) is a recently discovered protein containing hexokinase activity which has been shown to be associated with glucose metabolism during pregnancy. Here, we discuss recent evidence suggesting roles for the novel HKDC1 in gestational glucose homeostasis and the development of GDM and overt diabetes.Recent FindingsGenome-wide associati...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - July 7, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Metagenomics to Identify Pathogens in Diabetic Foot Ulcers and the Potential Impact for Clinical Care
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDiabetes mellitus may affect every third adult American by 2050, and about one-third will develop a diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) during their lifetime. The current standard of care results in healing of less than 50% of all DFUs. Many individuals with DFU develop limb-threatening infection which place them at risk for additional morbidity and mortality. We review research associated with culture-independent next-generation sequencing techniques pertaining to diabetic foot ulcers and their potential for clinical application.Recent FindingsDiabetic foot ulcers are a growing problem and clinicians are li...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - June 21, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
The Value of Measuring Diabetes Burnout
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDiabetes represents a chronic illness with significant physical and psychological morbidities. This review aims to summarize current conceptualizations of diabetes burnout in individuals with diabetes and describe its associated adverse outcomes in this population while proposing possible mechanisms of action and targets of intervention.Recent Findings“Diabetes burnout” may result in adverse long-term outcomes including poor treatment compliance, diabetes complications, and depression. Diabetes burnout may impact not only individuals, but also providers, and caregivers and family members of aff...
Source: Current Diabetes Reports - June 16, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
