CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology RSS feedThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Leukodystrophies
This article reviews the most common leukodystrophies and is focused on diagnosis, clinical features, and emerging therapeutic options. RECENT FINDINGS In the past decade, the recognition of leukodystrophies has exponentially increased, and now this class includes more than 30 distinct disorders. Classically recognized as progressive and fatal disorders affecting young children, it is now understood that leukodystrophies are associated with an increasing spectrum of neurologic trajectories and can affect all ages. Next-generation sequencing and newborn screening allow the opportunity for the recognition of presympto...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - August 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein–Associated Disorders
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Anti–myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) autoantibodies have become a recognized cause of a pathophysiologically distinct group of central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune diseases. MOG-associated disorders can easily be confused with other CNS diseases such as multiple sclerosis or neuromyelitis optica, but they have a distinct clinical phenotype and prognosis. RECENT FINDINGS Most patients with MOG-associated disorders exhibit optic neuritis, myelitis, or acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) alone, sequentially, or in combination; the disease may be either monophasic or relapsin...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - August 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders
This article reviews the cardinal clinical features, distinct immunopathology, current diagnostic criteria, relapse-related risk factors, emerging biomarkers, and evolving treatment strategies pertaining to neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). RECENT FINDINGS The discovery of the pathogenic aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-IgG autoantibody and characterization of NMOSD as an autoimmune astrocytopathy have spearheaded the identification of key immunologic therapeutic targets in this disease, including but not limited to the complement system, the interleukin 6 (IL-6) receptor, and B cells. Accordingly, four recent rand...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - August 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Pediatric Acquired Demyelinating Disorders
This article reviews the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, treatment, and prognosis of the most common monophasic and relapsing acquired demyelinating disorders presenting in childhood. RECENT FINDINGS Our understanding of neuroimmune disorders of the central nervous system is rapidly expanding. Several clinical and paraclinical factors help to inform the diagnosis and ultimately the suspicion for a monophasic versus relapsing course, including the age of the patient (prepubertal versus postpubertal), presence or absence of clinical encephalopathy, identification of serum autoantibodies (eg, myelin oligo...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - August 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
This article provides an update on progressive forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) commonly referred to as primary progressive MS and secondary progressive MS. It discusses the importance of diagnosing and detecting progression early, the similarities between progressive forms, challenges in detecting progression, factors that could augment progression, and the importance of disease-modifying therapies in patients with evidence of active progressive MS. It also discusses the overall care of progressive MS. RECENT FINDINGS The pathogenesis of primary progressive MS and secondary progressive MS is overlapping, and in bot...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - August 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Approach to Symptom Management in Multiple Sclerosis With a Focus on Wellness
This article describes an approach to symptom management in people with multiple sclerosis (MS), emphasizing healthy lifestyles and evidence-based treatments. RECENT FINDINGS Growing evidence supports healthy nutrition, exercise, and emotional well-being (wellness) as foundational for MS symptom management. A stepped approach starts with healthy lifestyle practices and adds nonpharmacologic, pharmacologic, and procedural-based therapies balancing levels of evidence, risks, and potential benefits. The growing availability of cannabis and widespread use of dietary supplements in self-management of MS symptoms raise bo...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - August 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Given the expansion of options for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis, this review outlines the framework for developing a treatment strategy, with consideration of when to switch or discontinue therapies, and a comprehensive elaboration of the mechanisms of action, efficacy, and safety considerations for each of the therapeutic classes. RECENT FINDINGS The armamentarium of immunotherapies has grown rapidly, to encompass 19 US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved immunotherapies available in 2021, which are addressed in the review. The coronavirus pandemic that began in 2020 u...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - August 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis
This article summarizes the current diagnostic criteria for MS, typical and atypical presentations of MS, and when diagnostic criteria should be applied with caution. RECENT FINDINGS The most recent version of the MS diagnostic criteria has the benefits of simplicity and greater sensitivity in comparison to previous iterations. However, misdiagnosis remains a significant issue in MS clinical care, even at MS specialty centers. It is, therefore, evident that careful clinical application of the current version of the diagnostic criteria is necessary and that tools improving the diagnostic accuracy of MS would be of su...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - August 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of Multiple Sclerosis
This article provides an overview of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle risk factors affecting the disease course of multiple sclerosis (MS) and reviews the pathophysiologic characteristics of both relapsing and progressive MS. RECENT FINDINGS The prevalence of MS has increased in recent decades, and costs of care for patients with MS have risen dramatically. Black, Asian, and Hispanic individuals may be at risk for more severe MS-related disability. Multiple genetic MS risk factors have been identified. Factors such as low vitamin D levels and a history of Epstein-Barr virus, smoking, and obesity, especially dur...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - August 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

True, True, and Unrelated
No abstract available (Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology)
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - August 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: EDITOR’S PREFACE Source Type: research

Contributors
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Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - August 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: CONTRIBUTORS Source Type: research

Table of Contents
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Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - August 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Table of Contents Source Type: research

Issue Overview
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Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - June 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: ISSUE OVERVIEW Source Type: research

Key Points for Issue
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Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - June 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: KEY POINTS FOR ISSUE Source Type: research

List of Abbreviations
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Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - June 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Source Type: research