Issue Overview
No abstract available (Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology)
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - February 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: ISSUE OVERVIEW Source Type: research

Key Points for Issue
No abstract available (Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology)
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - February 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: KEY POINTS FOR ISSUE Source Type: research

List of Abbreviations
No abstract available (Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology)
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - February 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Source Type: research

Learning Objectives
No abstract available (Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology)
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - February 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND CORE COMPETENCIES Source Type: research

Erratum
No abstract available (Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology)
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - February 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: ERRATUM Source Type: research

Postreading Self-Assessment and CME Test—Preferred Responses
No abstract available (Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology)
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - February 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: SELF-ASSESSMENT AND CME Source Type: research

Postreading Self-Assessment and CME Test
No abstract available (Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology)
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - February 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: SELF-ASSESSMENT AND CME Source Type: research

Instructions for Completing CME and Tally Sheet
No abstract available (Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology)
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - February 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: SELF-ASSESSMENT AND CME Source Type: research

Neuroimaging of Spinal Cord and Cauda Equina Disorders
This article reviews the neuroimaging of disorders of the spinal cord and cauda equina, with a focus on MRI. An anatomic approach is used; diseases of the extradural, intradural-extramedullary, and intramedullary (parenchymal) compartments are considered, and both neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions are covered. Differentiating imaging features are highlighted. RECENT FINDINGS Although T2-hyperintense signal abnormality of the spinal cord can have myriad etiologies, neuroimaging can provide specific diagnoses or considerably narrow the differential diagnosis in many cases. Intradural-extramedullary lesions comp...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - February 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Disorders of the Cauda Equina
This article describes cauda equina anatomy and the clinical features, differential diagnosis, and management of cauda equina disorders. RECENT FINDINGS The diagnosis of disorders of the cauda equina continues to be a challenge. If a compressive etiology is seen, urgent neurosurgical intervention is recommended. However, many people with clinical features of cauda equina dysfunction will have negative diagnostic studies. If the MRI is negative, it is important to understand the diagnostic evaluation and differential diagnosis so that less common etiologies are not missed. SUMMARY Cauda equina dysfunction most...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - February 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Hereditary Myelopathies
This article guides clinicians in the clinical recognition and differential diagnosis of hereditary myelopathies. RECENT FINDINGS Rather than a disease, a disease process, or relating to specific cellular vulnerability, the term hereditary myelopathy refers to diverse inherited disorders in which major aspects of the clinical syndrome reflect disturbance of elements within the spinal cord (specifically, the dorsal columns and dorsal root ganglia, corticospinal tracts, and anterior horn cells). It is important to note that the clinical features of almost all hereditary myelopathies reflect not only disturbance of ele...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - February 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Spondylotic and Other Structural Myelopathies
This article highlights both common structural causes of myelopathy, such as spondylotic disease, and infrequent but treatable causes, such as syringomyelia, spinal cord herniation, arachnoid cyst, arachnoid band and web, epidural lipomatosis, Hirayama disease, and arachnoiditis. RECENT FINDINGS Neuroimaging improvements and availability have uncovered many structural abnormalities in the spines and spinal cords of patients who were asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic. Recent published clinical series have improved our knowledge of the natural history of structural abnormalities and the risks of intervention versu...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - February 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Metabolic and Toxic Myelopathies
This article describes the clinical presentation, relevant diagnostic investigations, and treatment of metabolic and toxic myelopathies. RECENT FINDINGS Metabolic myelopathies, including those due to deficiency of vitamin B12, folate, copper, or vitamin E, are preventable and typically respond to supplementation. In metabolic myelopathy, early recognition and treatment are important to reduce morbidity, particularly due to subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord. Toxic myelopathies, including those due to medical interventions (eg, methotrexate, radiation), dietary toxins (eg, lathyrism, konzo), and drugs ...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - February 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Neoplastic Myelopathies
This article reviews the current classification system of primary spinal cord tumors and explores evolving diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for both primary tumors and metastatic tumors to various compartments of the spinal cord. RECENT FINDINGS The 2016 World Health Organization classification system allows for more precise prognostication of and therapy for spinal cord tumors and has identified new entities, such as the diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27M mutant. Whole-exome sequencing reveals that the genetic background of primary glial spinal cord neoplasms differs from that of their intracranial histologic cou...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - February 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research

Infectious Myelopathies
This article reviews infectious etiologies of spinal cord dysfunction, emphasizing the importance of recognizing common clinicoradiographic syndromes and interpreting them in the context of exposure risk and individual host susceptibilities. RECENT FINDINGS This article discusses the shifting spectrum of neurologic infectious diseases, the growing population of patients who are immunocompromised, and the emergence of effective antiretroviral therapies. In addition, it discusses new molecular and serologic tests that have the potential to enhance our ability to rapidly and accurately diagnose infectious diseases of t...
Source: CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology - February 1, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: REVIEW ARTICLES Source Type: research