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Multi-omics reveals the protective effects of curcumin against AFB1-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory damage in duckling intestines
In this study, the duckling model susceptible to AFB1 was selected for toxicity testing, aiming to explore the effect of curcumin on AFB1 enterotoxicity and its possible mechanism of action. The results showed that curcumin promoted the growth and development of ducklings and mitigated the changes in morphology and permeability serological index (DAO and D-LA) after AFB1 exposure. Curcumin also mitigated AFB1-induced oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2 pathway, and ameliorated intestinal inflammation by inhibiting the NF-κB/IκB signaling pathway and boosting intestinal autophagy. In terms of gut flora and their metab...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology and pharmacology : CBP - December 7, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Xuanxuan Jiang Haiyan Liu Yanli You Gaolong Zhong Zhiyan Ruan Jianzhao Liao Hui Zhang Jiaqiang Pan Zhaoxin Tang Lianmei Hu Source Type: research

Excess feeding increases adipogenesis but lowers leptin transcript abundance in zebrafish larvae
The objective here was to identify molecular markers of adipogenesis in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae for use as high throughput screening tools for environmental contaminants, including obesogens in MWWE. Zebrafish larvae were fed a commercial diet at a maintenance level (5 % body mass) or in excess (25 or 50 % body mass) from day 6 to 30 days post-fertilization (dpf) to stimulate adipogenesis. We monitored fat accumulation and markers of lipid metabolism, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (ppar γ), fatty acid synthase (fas), ELOVL fatty acid elongase 2 (elovl2), diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 ...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology and pharmacology : CBP - December 7, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: William Andrew Thompson Jithine Jayakumar Rajeswari Alison C Holloway Mathilakath M Vijayan Source Type: research

Acute and chronic effects of triclosan on the behavior, physiology, and multigenerational characteristics of the water flea Moina macrocopa
In this study, we analyzed the acute (24 h) and chronic (14 days exposure across three generations) effects of different concentrations of triclosan [1/10 of the no observed effect concentration (NOEC), the NOEC, and 1/10 of the LC50] calculated from the 24 h acute toxicity value, on the water flea Moina macrocopa. In the acute exposure experiment, the 1/10 LC50 value of triclosan significantly reduced survival, feeding rate, thoracic limb activity, heart activity, and acetylcholinesterase activity. In response to the 1/10 LC50 value, intracellular reactive oxygen species increased along with elevated levels of malondialde...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology and pharmacology : CBP - December 7, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Seong Duk Do Md Niamul Haque Jaehee Kim Dong-Hoon Im Jae-Sung Rhee Source Type: research

Assessment of metabolic responses following silica nanoparticles in zebrafish models using < sup > 1 < /sup > H NMR analysis
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2023 Dec 5:109808. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109808. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSilica nanoparticles (SNPs) are widely explored as drug carriers, gene delivery vehicles, and as nanoparticles intended for bone and tissue engineering. SNPs are highly evident through various clinical trials for a wide range of biomedical applications. SNPs are biocompatible and promising nanoparticles for next-generation therapeutics. However, despite the well-established importance of SNPs, metabolomics methods for the SNPs remain elusive which renders its maximal clinical translation. We applied 1...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology and pharmacology : CBP - December 7, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Chandramohan Govindasamy Khalid S Al-Numair Mohammed A Alsaif Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan Raja Ganesan Source Type: research

The effects of bisphenol S exposure on the growth, physiological and biochemical indices, and ecdysteroid receptor gene expression in red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2023 Dec 5:109811. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109811. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Bisphenol S (BPS) on growth, physiological and biochemical indices, and the expression of ecdysteroid receptor (ECR) of the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). The gene encoding ECR was isolated from red swamp crayfish by homologous cloning and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The ECR transcripts were 1757 bp long and encoded proteins of 576 amino acids. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that the ECR gene w...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology and pharmacology : CBP - December 7, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Changchang Pu Yuanyi Liu Jianshuang Ma Jiajin Li Ruyi Sun Yang Zhou Bingke Wang Aimin Wang Chunnuan Zhang Source Type: research

Synergistic effects of microplastic and lead trigger physiological and biochemical impairment in a mangrove crab
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2023 Dec 4:109809. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109809. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMicroplastics (MP) are vectors for other environmental contaminants, such as metals, being a considerable problem, especially in the aquatic ecosystem. To investigate the combined effects of MP (high density polyethylene) with lead (Pb), we exposed the mangrove fiddler crab Minuca vocator to Pb (50 mg L-1), and MP (25 mg L-1) alone and in mixture, for 5 days. We aim to determine Pb and MP bioaccumulation, as well as physiological (oxygen consumption and hemolymph osmolality) and biochemical (superoxid...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology and pharmacology : CBP - December 6, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Mariana V Capparelli Ricardo Dzul-Caamal Erick M Rodr íguez-Cab Merle M Borges-Ram írez Jaime Rend ón-von Osten Karen Beltran Brian Pichardo-Casales Alethia I Ram írez-Olivares Jorge Arturo Vargas-Ab úndez Carl L Thurman Gabriel M Moulatlet Carlos Ro Source Type: research

Effects of chronic diazepam exposure on the behaviors and oxidative stress homeostasis in the eyes and brains of female Japanese medaka
In this study, we exposed female Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) to environmentally relevant doses of DZP (800 and 8000 ng/L) for 4 weeks, aimed to investigate their behavioral responses and possible links with ocular and brain oxidative stress homeostasis. As a result, DZP exposure could significantly reduce swimming activity (800 ng/L) and anxiety (800 and 8000 ng/L), indicating a sedative effect on medaka. The DZP exposure also significantly increased the social interaction in medaka at 8000 ng/L. Furthermore, exposure to DZP could alter the ocular and brain oxidative stress homeostasis in medaka. The ocular CAT activ...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology and pharmacology : CBP - December 6, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sijing Wang Jiao Dong Kun Chen Yanhong Shi Xuchun Qiu Source Type: research

Zinc attenuates arsenic overdose-induced brain damage via PERK/ATF6 and TLR/MyD88/NF- κB pathways
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2023 Dec 1;276:109806. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109806. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTExposure to arsenic (As), a widespread non-metallic toxicant in nature, often results in neurotoxicity, although the exact mechanism is unknown. Zinc (Zn) is a powerful nutrient often thought to be beneficial for growth, development and immunity. Whether Zn can rescue brain damage caused by As contamination remains to be demonstrated. Therefore, in this study, a 30-day model of As poisoning (2.83 mg/L) in carp was established and treated with Zn (1 mg/L) to investigate the detoxification mechanism...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology and pharmacology : CBP - December 2, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Weijun Wang Yue Zhang Xiren Geng Hong Li Xuehuan Wang Yingzi Zhang Hongjing Zhao Source Type: research