Clinical and Experimental Metastasis This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Role of the tumor microenvironment in regulating the anti-metastatic effect of KISS1
AbstractKISS1, a metastasis suppressor gene, has been shown to block metastasis without affecting primary tumor formation. Loss ofKISS1 leads to invasion and metastasis in multiple cancers, which is the leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. The discovery ofKISS1 has provided a ray of hope for early clinical diagnosis and for designing effective treatments targeting metastatic cancer. However, this goal requires greater holistic understanding of its mechanism of action. In this review, we go back into history and highlight some key developments, from the discovery ofKISS1 to its role in regulating multiple physio...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis - February 21, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Sentinel node tumor burden in prediction of prognosis in melanoma patients
AbstractRecent data have demonstrated no survival benefit to immediate completion lymph node dissection (CLND) for positive sentinel node (SN) disease in melanoma. It is important to identify parameters in positive SNs, which predict prognosis in melanoma patients. These might provide prognostic value in staging systems and risk models by guiding high-risk patients ’ adjuvant therapy in clinical practice. In this retrospective study of university hospital melanoma database we analyzed tumor burden and prognosis in patients with positive SNs. Patients were stratified by the diameter of tumor deposit, distribution of metas...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis - February 18, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Exploratory cost-effectiveness analysis of 68 Gallium-PSMA PET/MRI-based imaging in patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer
AbstractMen treated for prostate cancer with curative intent face a recurrence rate of up to 53% at 10  years.68Ga-PSMA imaging is a new technique that can more accurately stage cancer recurrences and facilitate personalised treatment. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of68Ga-PSMA PET/MRI for staging men with prostate cancer biochemical recurrence. A cost-effectiveness analysis using a decision-analytic model with Markov chains was constructed.68Ga-PSMA PET/MRI was compared with usual care in staging of men with suspected prostate cancer recurrence. Men with biochemical recurrence from a study in Brisbane, Australia (n ...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis - February 16, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Development of a novel murine model of lymphatic metastasis
AbstractCurrent laboratory models of lymphatic metastasis generally require either genetically modified animals or are technically challenging. Herein, we have developed a robust protocol for the induction of intralymphatic metastasis in wild-type mice with reproducible outcomes. To determine an optimal injection quantity and timeline for tumorigenesis, C57Bl/6 mice were injected directly into the mesenteric lymph duct (MLD) with varying numbers of syngeneic murine colon cancer cells (MC38) or gastric cancer cells (YTN16) expressing GFP/luciferase and monitored over 2 –4 weeks. Tumor growth was tracked via whole-animal i...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis - February 11, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Suppression of migration, invasion, and metastasis of cisplatin-resistant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma through IKK β inhibition
AbstractWe explored the role of the transcription factor, NF- κB, and its upstream kinase IKKβ in regulation of migration, invasion, and metastasis of cisplatin-resistant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We showed that cisplatin-resistant HNSCC cells have a stronger ability to migrate and invade, as well as display higher IKKβ/NF-κB activity compared to their parental partners. Importantly, we found that knockdown of IKKβ, but not NF-κB, dramatically impaired cell migration and invasion in these cells. Consistent with this, the IKKβ inhibitor, CmpdA, also inhibited cell migration and invasion. Previous...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis - February 3, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Poor perfusion of the microvasculature in peritoneal metastases of ovarian cancer
AbstractMost women with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) suffer from peritoneal carcinomatosis upon first clinical presentation. Extensive peritoneal carcinomatosis has a poor prognosis and its pathophysiology is not well understood. Although treatment with systemic intravenous chemotherapy is often initially successful, peritoneal recurrences occur regularly. We hypothesized that insufficient or poorly-perfused microvasculature may impair the therapeutic efficacy of systemic intravenous chemotherapy but may also limit expansive and invasive growth characteristic of peritoneal EOC metastases. In 23 patients with advanced EO...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis - January 31, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Upfront radiosurgery plus targeted agents followed by active brain control using radiosurgery delays neurological death in non-small cell lung cancer with brain metastasis
AbstractThe role of radiosurgery has become further accentuated in the era of targeted agents (TA). Thus, the neurologic outcome of radiosurgery in brain metastasis (BM) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was reviewed. We analyzed 135 patients with BM of NSCLC who were administered Cyberknife radiosurgery (CKRS) as either initial or salvage therapy. We evaluated local failure (LF), intracranial failure (IF), and neurological death (ND) due to BM. Primary outcome was neurological death-free survival (NDFS). Median follow-up was 16.2  months. Median CKRS dose of 22 Gy was administered to median 2 targets per patient. Am...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis - January 31, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) of peritoneal metastasis from gastric cancer: a descriptive cohort study
We report our experience with PIPAC in patients with peritoneal metastasis (PM) from gastric cancer (GC). Data from GC patients (n  = 20) included in the prospective PIPAC-OPC1 and PIPAC-OPC2 studies are reported. All patients had received prior systemic chemotherapy. The mean peritoneal cancer index (PCI) was 10.5 (range 0–39) and nine patients had diffuse GC. PIPAC with cisplatin 7.5 mg/m2 and doxorubicin 1.5  mg/m2 were administered at 4 –6-week intervals. Outcome criteria were objective tumour response, survival and adverse events. Twenty patients had 52 PIPAC procedures with a median follow-up of 10.4 month...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis - January 29, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Toll-like receptors: exploring their potential connection with post-operative infectious complications and cancer recurrence
AbstractCancer is the leading cause of death in North America. Despite modern advances in cancer therapy, many patients will ultimately develop cancer metastasis resulting in mortality. Surgery to resect early stage solid malignancies remains the cornerstone of cancer treatment. However, surgery places patients at risk of developing post-operative infectious complications that are linked to earlier cancer metastatic recurrence and cancer mortality. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are evolutionarily-conserved sentinel receptors of the innate immune system that are activated by microbial products present during infection, leading...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis - January 22, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Impact of decompressive laminectomy on the functional outcome of patients with metastatic spinal cord compression and neurological impairment
In conclusion, decompressive laminectomy showed beneficial effects on the functional outcome at discharge. A good neurological status prior to surgery was key predictor for a good functional outcome. (Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis)
Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis - January 19, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Breast brain metastases are associated with increased risk of leptomeningeal disease after stereotactic radiosurgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
AbstractBrain metastases are the most common malignant tumors of the brain. Leptomeningeal dissemination is a late-stage complication of intracranial metastasis and portends an extremely poor prognosis. An increased risk of leptomeningeal disease (LMD) from metastatic breast cancer compared to other cancer types after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been reported. Validation of this observation has significant public health ramifications. The aim of this study was to determine the consistency of this association in the available literature via formal meta-analysis and systematic review of the literature. Searches of se...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis - January 15, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

The utility of the “Glowing Head” mouse for breast cancer metastasis research
AbstractThe expression of cellular reporters to label cancer cells, such as green fluorescent protein (GFP) and luciferase, can stimulate immune responses and effect tumor growth. Recently, a mouse model that expresses GFP and luciferase in the anterior pituitary gland was generated to tolerize mice to these proteins; the “Glowing Head” mouse. Mice were obtained from a commercial vendor, bred, and then used for tumor growth and metastasis studies. The transgene expression of luciferase was assessed within tumor-naïve mice as well as mice with mammary tumors or metastases. Tumor-free mice with white fur, compared to bl...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis - January 13, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-3 has both anti-metastatic and anti-tumourigenic properties
AbstractTIMP-3 is one of four tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases, the endogenous inhibitors of the matrix metalloproteinase enzymes. These enzymes have an important role in metastasis, in the invasion of cancer cells through the basement membrane and extracellular matrix. TIMP-1, -2 and -4 both promote and inhibit tumour development, in a context-dependent manner, however TIMP-3 is consistently anti-tumourigenic. TIMP-3 is also the only insoluble member of the family, being either bound to the extracellular matrix or the low density lipoprotein-related protein-1, through which it can be endocytosed. Levels of T...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis - December 31, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Hepatic artery infusion pump for nasopharyngeal carcinoma with liver metastasis
AbstractTo evaluate the benefits and risks of hepatic artery infusion (HAI) gemcitabine and floxuridine (FUDR) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma liver metastases. HAI catheter systems were implanted under the guide of digital subtract angiography (DSA) in 16 patients with unresectable nasopharyngeal carcinoma liver metastases. HAI gemcitabine and FUDR in combination with radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy were delivered. Disease control rate (DCR) of intrahepatic lesions is 100%, objective response rate (ORR) of intrahepatic lesions is 87.5%, including 4 patients (25%) with complete response (CR), 10 patients (...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis - December 19, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Skeletal impact of 17 β-estradiol in T cell-deficient mice: age-dependent bone effects and osteosarcoma formation
AbstractEstrogen (E2)-dependent ER+  breast cancer, the most common breast cancer subtype, is also the most likely to metastasize to bone and form osteolytic lesions. However, ER+ breast cancer bone metastasis human xenograft models in nude mice are rarely studied due to complexities associated with distinguishing possible tumoral vs. bone microenvironmental effects of E2. To address this knowledge gap, we systematically examined bone effects of E2 in developing young (4-week-old) vs. skeletally mature (15-week-old) femaleFoxn1nu nude mice supplemented with commercial 60-day slow-release E2 pellets and doses commonly u...
Source: Clinical and Experimental Metastasis - December 19, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research