lncRNA SNHG9 enhances liver cancer stem cell self-renewal and tumorigenicity by negatively regulating PTEN expression via recruiting EZH2
In conclusion, by binding to EZH2, SNHG9 down-regulated PTEN levels, promoting liver CSC self-renewal and tumor formation, and exacerbating HCC progression. (Source: Cell and Tissue Research)
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - October 18, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Low acrosin activity is associated with decreased Spam1/acrosin expression and GSH deficiency-caused premature acrosome release of human sperm cells
In this study, we confirm that 993 semen samples with LAA had a reduced sperm motility and low in vitro fertilization rate in comparison with 1332 normal controls (NC). Proteomic comparison between 11 LAA and 11 NC sperm samples identified 35 upregulated and 99 downregulated proteins in the LAA group. Indeed, proteomic data showed that acrosome enzymes Spam1 and Acrosin were among the downregulated proteins in the LAA group, which was validated by quantitative PCR and immunefluorescent staining of sperm cells. The KEEG pathway analysis revealed a deficiency of GSH and Gln biosynthesis in LAA sperm cells. Immunofluorescent ...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - October 14, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
MicroRNAs in atrial fibrillation target genes in structural remodelling
We present combined miRNA –mRNA sequencing using atrial tissues of patient without AF (n = 22), with paroxysmal AF (n = 22) and with persistent AF (n = 20). mRNA sequencing previously uncovered upregulated epithelial to mesenchymal transition, endothelial cell proliferation and extracellular matrix remodelling involving glycoproteins and proteoglycans in AF. MiRNA co-sequencing discovered miRNAs regulating the mRNA expression changes. Key do wnregulated miRNAs included miR-135b-5p, miR-138-5p, miR-200a-3p, miR-200b-3p and miR-31-5p and key upregulated miRNAs were miR-144-3p, miR-15b-3p, miR-182-5p miR-18b-5p,...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - October 14, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Impact of endogenous and exogenous nitrogen species on macrophage extracellular trap (MET) formation by bone marrow –derived macrophages
We report that BMDMs obtained in this way were morphologically (F4/80+) and functionally (expression of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase and NO production) differentiated and responded to various stimuli of bacterial (lipopolysaccharide, LPS), fungal (zymosan) and chemical (PMA) origin. Importantly, BMDMs were successfully casting METs composed of extracellular DNA (extDNA) serving as their backbone to which proteins such as H2A.X histones and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) were attached. In rendered 3D structure of METs, extDNA and protein components were embedded in each other. Since studies had shown the involve...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - October 4, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Exploration of eMSCs with HA-GEL system in repairing damaged endometrium after endometrial cancer with fertility-sparing treatment
This study explored the potential therapeutic effects of eMSCs with suitable scaffold materials on endometrial damage caused by EC. Here, appropriate engineering scaffold materials were compared to identify the most suitable materials to carry eMSCs. Then, safety and efficacy evaluations of eMSCs with a suitable hyaluronic acid hydrogel (eMSCs/HA-GEL) were investigated in in vivo experiments with subcutaneous xenotransplantation in Balb/C nude mice and a model of endometrial mechanical injury in rats. HA-GEL has minimal cytotoxicity to eMSCs compared to other materials. Then, in vitro experiments demonstrate that eMSCs/HA-...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - September 28, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
In vitro spermatogenesis in artificial testis: current knowledge and clinical implications for male infertility
AbstractMen ’s reproductive health exclusively depends on the appropriate maturation of certain germ cells known as sperm. Certain illnesses, such as Klinefelter syndrome, cryptorchidism, and syndrome of androgen insensitivity or absence of testis maturation in men, resulting in the loss of germ cells and the removal of essential genes on the Y chromosome, can cause non-obstructive azoospermia. According to laboratory research, preserving, proliferating, differentiating, and transplanting spermatogonial stem cells or testicular tissue could be future methods for preserving the fertility of children with cancer and men wi...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - September 18, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Repetitive and zonal expression profiles of absorption-related genes in the gastrointestinal tract of ascidian Ciona intestinalis type A
AbstractIntestinal absorption is essential for heterotrophic bilaterians with a tubular gut. Although the fundamental features of the digestive system were shared among chordates with evolution, the gut morphologies of vertebrates diverged and adapted to different food habitats. The ascidianCiona intestinalis type A, a genome-wide research model of basal chordates, is used to examine the functional morphology of the intestines because of its transparent juvenile body. In the present study, the characteristic gene expression patterns (GEP) ofCiona absorptive proteins, e.g., brush border membrane enzymes for terminal digesti...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - September 6, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Missing pieces of the pituitary puzzle: participation of extra-adenohypophyseal placode-lineage cells in the adult pituitary gland
AbstractThe pituitary gland is a major endocrine tissue composing of two distinct entities, the adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary, cranial placode origin) and the neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary, neural ectoderm origin), and plays important roles in maintaining vital homeostasis. This tissue is maintained by a slow, consistent cell-renewal system of adult stem/progenitor cells. Recent accumulating evidence shows that neural crest-, head mesenchyme-, and endoderm lineage cells invade during pituitary development and contribute to the maintenance of the adult pituitary gland. Based on these novel observations, this ar...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - August 31, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
The three-dimensional conformation and activity of mitochondria in syncytial male germ line-cysts of medicinal leeches
AbstractWe studied the spatial conformation and activity of mitochondria in the developing syncytial male germline cysts during spermatogenesis of the medicinal leeches using light, fluorescent, transmission electron microscopy, and serial block-face scanning electron microscopy. In cysts with spermatogonia and spermatocytes, mitochondria form networks and are in a dynamic hyperfusion state, while in cysts with spermatids, a single huge mitochondrion is observed. As spermiogenesis progresses, this huge mitochondrion is finally located in the future midpiece. The highest activity, in terms of membrane potential, of the mito...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - August 29, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
The fate of adipose tissue and adipose-derived stem cells in allograft
AbstractUtilizing adipose tissue and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) turned into a promising field of allograft in recent years. The therapeutic potential of adipose tissue and ADSCs is governed by their molecular secretions, ability to sustain multi-differentiation and self-renewal which are pivotal in reconstructive, genetic diseases, and cosmetic goals. However, revisiting the existing functional capacity of adipose tissue and ADSCs and their intricate relationship with allograft is crucial to figure out the remarkable question of safety to use in allograft due to the growing evidence of interactions between tumor mi...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - August 25, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Correction to: Guanabenz mitigates the neuropathological alterations and cell death in Alzheimer ’s disease
(Source: Cell and Tissue Research)
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - August 23, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Regeneration of starfish radial nerve cord restores animal mobility and unveils a new coelomocyte population
In this study, we tackle the problem of starfish central nervous system regeneration by examining the external and internal anatomical and behavioral traits, the dynamics of coelomocyte populations, and neuronal tissue architecture after radial nerve cord (RNC) partial ablation. We noticed that the removal of part of RNC generated several anatomic anomalies and induced behavioral modifications (injured arm could not be used anymore to lead the starfish movement). Those alterations seem to be related to defense mechanisms and protection of the wound. In particular, histology showed that tissue patterns during regeneration r...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - August 22, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
The function of exosomes in ovarian granulosa cells
AbstractGranulosa cells (GCs), as the basic components of ovarian tissue, play an indispensable role in maintaining normal ovarian functions such as hormone synthesis and ovulation. The abnormality of GCs often leads to ovarian endocrine disorders, which exert a negative effect on life quality and life expectancy. However, the pathogenesis and treatment of diseases are still poorly understood. Exosomes contain regulatory molecules and can transmit biological information in cell interaction. The role of exosomes in GCs has been studied extensively. This review summarizes the regulatory function of exosomes in GCs, as well a...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - August 21, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Beyond animal models: revolutionizing neurodegenerative disease modeling using 3D in vitro organoids, microfluidic chips, and bioprinting
AbstractNeurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are characterized by uncontrolled loss of neuronal cells leading to a progressive deterioration of brain functions. The transition rate of numerous neuroprotective drugs against Alzheimer ’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington’s disease, leading to FDA approval, is only 8–14% in the last two decades. Thus, in spite of encouraging preclinical results, these drugs have failed in human clinical trials, demonstrating that traditional cell c ultures and animal models cannot accurately replicate human pathophysiology. Hence, in vitro three-...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - August 12, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria patient-derived cardiomyocyte model of carrying LMNA gene variant c.1824 C & gt; T
AbstractCardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, and strokes are the most common causes of death in patients with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS). The LMNA variant c.1824C > T accounts for ~ 90% of HGPS cases. The detailed molecular mechanisms of Lamin A in the heart remain elusive due to the lack of appropriate in vitro models. We hypothesize that HGPS patient’s induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (iCMCs) will provide a model platform t o study the cardio-pathologic mechanisms associated with HGPS. To elucidate the effects of progerin in cardiomyocytes, we first obtained...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - August 12, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
