PMCA for ultrasensitive detection of prions and to study disease biology
AbstractThe emergence of a novel class of infectious agent composed exclusively of a misfolded protein (termed prions) has been a challenge in modern biomedicine. Despite similarities on the behavior of prions with respect to conventional pathogens, the many uncertainties regarding the biology and virulence of prions make them a worrisome paradigm. Since prions do not contain nucleic acids and rely on a very different way of replication and spreading, it was necessary to invent a novel technology to study them. In this article, we provide an overview of such a technology, termed protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMC...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - December 26, 2022 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
The dermal papilla dilemma and potential breakthroughs in bioengineering hair follicles
AbstractThe generation and growing of de novo hair follicles is the most daring hair replacement approach to treat alopecia. This approach has been explored at least since the 1960s without major success. Latest in the 1980s, the realization that the mesenchymal compartment of hair follicles, the dermal papilla (DP), is the crucial signaling center and element required for fulfilling this vision of hair follicle engineering, propelled research into the fibroblasts that occupy the DP. However, working with DP fibroblasts has been stubbornly frustrating. Decades of work in understanding the nature of DP fibroblasts in vitro ...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - December 23, 2022 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Biological nerve conduit model with de-epithelialized human amniotic membrane and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell sheet for repair of peripheral nerve defects
In conclusion, the biological conduit prepared from the AdMSCs sheet and AM is regarded as a new biological conduit that can be used as an alternative treatment method to nerve autograft in clinical applications.Graphical Abstract (Source: Cell and Tissue Research)
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - December 23, 2022 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
The cellular 3D printer of a marine bristle worm —chaetogenesis in Platynereis dumerilii (Audouin & amp; Milne Edwards, 1834) (Annelida)
This study describes this process in detail in the model organismPlatynereis dumerilii and clarifies some aspects of chaetogenesis in its close relativeNereis vexillosa, the first annelid in which the ultrastructure of chaetogenesis had been described. Nereid species possess compound chaetae characteristic for numerous subgroups of errant annelids. The distal most section of these chaetae is movable; a hinge connects this part of the chaeta to the shaft. Modulation of the microvilli and differences in their structure, diameter and number of microvilli, and their withdrawal and reappearance determine the shape of these comp...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - December 23, 2022 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury via let-7b-5p
AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinically common kidney disease. Age is an important factor that contributes to the susceptibility to AKI. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising therapy for AKI, and miRNAs in exosomes (Exos) derived from MSCs are an important aspect of MSC treatment. However, the therapeutic effect of miRNA from MSC-derived Exos on AKI and the related mechanism have not been fully clarified. Whether there is a relationship between the mechanisms of senescence for AKI susceptibility and the therapeutic effect of MSCs has not been studied. We compared the degree of cisplatin-induced AKI injury...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - December 22, 2022 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Tumour necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1 beta and interferon gamma have detrimental effects on equine tenocytes that cannot be rescued by IL-1RA or mesenchymal stromal cell –derived factors
AbstractTendon injuries occur commonly in both human and equine athletes, and poor tendon regeneration leads to functionally deficient scar tissue and an increased frequency of re-injury. Despite evidence suggesting inadequate resolution of inflammation leads to fibrotic healing, our understanding of the inflammatory pathways implicated in tendinopathy remains poorly understood, meaning successful targeted treatments are lacking. Here, we demonstrate IL-1 β, TNFα and IFN-γ work synergistically to induce greater detrimental consequences for equine tenocytes than when used individually. This includes altering tendon assoc...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - December 22, 2022 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Role of different recombinant PrP substrates in the diagnostic accuracy of the CSF RT-QuIC assay in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
AbstractThe development of the real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC), an in vitro protein misfolding amplification assay, was an innovation in the scientific field of protein misfolding diseases. In prion diseases, these types of assays imitate the pathological conversion of the cellular prion protein (PrPC) into a protease-resistant and/or amyloid form of PrP, called PrP resistant (PrPRes). The RT-QuIC is an automatic assay system based on real-time measuring of thioflavin-T (Th-T) incorporation into amyloid fibrils using shaking for disaggregation. It has already been applied in diagnostics, drug pre-screening...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - December 20, 2022 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Role of the bovine PRAMEY protein in sperm function during in vitro fertilization (IVF)
This study thus provides the initial evidence for the involvement of the PRAME protein family in sperm function and fertilization. (Source: Cell and Tissue Research)
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - December 17, 2022 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Recent advances in bioengineered scaffold for in vitro meat production
AbstractIn vitro meat production via stem cell technology and tissue engineering provides hypothetically elevated resource efficiency which involves the differentiation of muscle cells from pluripotent stem cells. By applying the tissue engineering technique, muscle cells are cultivated and grown onto a scaffold, resulting in the development of muscle tissue. The studies related to in vitro meat production are advancing with a seamless pace, and scientists are trying to develop various approaches to mimic the natural meat. The formulation and fabrication of biodegradable and cost-effective edible scaffold is the key to the...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - December 17, 2022 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
CPNE1 regulates myogenesis through the PERK-eIF2 α pathway mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress
AbstractSarcopenia is characterized by a progressive reduction in muscle mass or muscle physiological function associated with aging, but the relevant molecular mechanisms are not clear. Here, we identify the role of the myogenesis modifier CPNE1 in sarcopenia. CPNE1 is upregulated in aged skeletal muscles and young skeletal muscle satellite cells with palmitate-induced atrophy. The overexpression of CPNE1 hinders proliferation and differentiation and increases muscle atrophy characteristics in young skeletal muscle-derived satellite cells. In addition, CPNE1 overexpression disrupts the balance of mitochondrial fusion and ...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - December 16, 2022 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Acknowledgement to reviewers
(Source: Cell and Tissue Research)
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - December 16, 2022 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Simvastatin promotes rat Achilles tendon-bone interface healing by promoting osteogenesis and chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells
In conclusion, local administration of simvastatin can promote the tendon-bone healing by enhancing neovascularization, chondrogenesis, and osteogenesis in different stages of the t endon-bone healing process. (Source: Cell and Tissue Research)
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - December 14, 2022 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Immunohistochemical characterization of transient receptor potential vanilloid types 2 and 1 in a trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced rat colitis model with visceral hypersensitivity
AbstractTransient receptor potential vanilloid type 2 (TRPV2) and type 1 (TRPV1) are originally identified as heat-sensitive TRP channels. We compared the expression patterns of TRPV2 and TRPV1 in the rat distal colon and extrinsic primary afferent neurons, and investigated their roles in visceral hypersensitivity in 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis rats. Both TRPV2 and TRPV1 expressions in the colon, dorsal root ganglion (DRG), and nodose ganglion (NG) were significantly upregulated in the TNBS-induced colitis model. TRPV2 cell bodies co-localized with the intrinsic primary afferent marker NeuN an...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - December 14, 2022 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Specification of the Drosophila Orcokinin A neurons by combinatorial coding
AbstractThe central nervous system contains a daunting number of different cell types. Understanding how each cell acquires its fate remains a major challenge for neurobiology. The developing embryonic ventral nerve cord (VNC) ofDrosophila melanogaster has been a powerful model system for unraveling the basic principles of cell fate specification. This pertains specifically to neuropeptide neurons, which typically are stereotypically generated in discrete subsets, allowing for unambiguous single-cell resolution in different genetic contexts. Here, we study the specification of the OrcoA-LA neurons, characterized by the exp...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - December 13, 2022 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Dual SMAD inhibition enhances the longevity of human epididymis epithelial cells
AbstractPrimary human epididymis epithelial (HEE) cells are valuable reagents for functional studies on the human epididymis. We used them previously to determine the transcriptional networks that establish cell identity along the length of the epididymis from caput, corpus, and cauda. These studies on HEE cells and organoids derived from them revealed important cellular properties. However, similar to other primary cells, HEE cells undergo replicative senescence and de-differentiation in culture. A cocktail of small molecules was shown elsewhere to extend longevity of epithelial basal cells. The components included transf...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - December 1, 2022 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
