KDELR2 promotes bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic differentiation via GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway
In conclusion, KDELR2 promotes the osteogenesis of mBMSCs by regulating the GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. (Source: Cell and Tissue Research)
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - March 12, 2024 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 regulates prostaglandin synthesis and embryo attachment of the bovine endometrium during implantation
AbstractC-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) has been reported to be expressed in the bovine endometrium during pregnancy. However, the details of its functions involved in the implantation mechanism are still not clear. The purpose of this study is to analyze the functional properties of CCL2 in the bovine endometrium and embryos. The expression ofCCR2 was not different between the luteal phase and implantation phase of their endometrial tissues, but was significantly high in IFNa treated bovine endometrial stromal (BES) cells in vitro. The expressions ofPGES1,PGES2,AKR1C4, andAKR1C4 were high at the implantation stage com...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - March 5, 2024 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Dynamic relationship among extracellular matrix and body wall cells in Hirudo verbana morphogenesis
AbstractA great bulk of recent experimental evidence suggests the key role of the complex crosstalk between the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the cellular component of tissues during morphogenesis and embryogenesis. In particular, remodeling of the ECM and of its physical interactions pattern with surrounding cells represent two crucial processes that might be involved in muscle development. However, little information is available on this topic, especially on invertebrate species. To obtain new insights on how tuning the ECM microenvironment might drive cellular fate during embryonic development, we used the invertebrate...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - March 1, 2024 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
The application and development of electron microscopy for three-dimensional reconstruction in life science: a review
AbstractImaging technologies have played a pivotal role in advancing biological research by enabling visualization of biological structures and processes. While traditional electron microscopy (EM) produces two-dimensional images, emerging techniques now allow high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) characterization of specimens in situ, meeting growing needs in molecular and cellular biology. Combining transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with serial sectioning inaugurated 3D imaging, attracting biologists seeking to explore cell ultrastructure and driving advancement of 3D EM reconstruction. By comprehensively and preci...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - February 28, 2024 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Anatomical changes of Tenebrio molitor and Tribolium castaneum during complete metamorphosis
This study demonstrates the use of synchrotron X-ray phase-contrast micro-computed tomography as a powerful, non-destructive tool for in situ morphological observation of anatomical structures at the pupal stage in two Tenebrionid beetles, i.e.Tribolium castaneum andTenebrio molitor, known as important pests, as well as emerging and promising models in experimental biology. Virtual sections and three-dimensional reconstructions were performed on both males and females at early, intermediate, and late pupal stage. The dataset allowed us to observe the remodelling of the gut and nervous system as well as the shaping of the f...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - February 27, 2024 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells activate sebocytes through the PI3K/AKT/SREBP-1 pathway to accelerate wound healing
In this study, the effects of ADSCs-EXO on sebocyte proliferation and migration were evaluated. The levels of phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT), AKT, sterol regulatory-element binding protein (SREBP), and perilipin-1 (PLIN-1) were detected with immunofluorescence, quantitative PCR, and western blot analysis. RNA-Seq was used to analyze the differential gene expression between the ADSCs-EXO group and the control group under anaerobic conditions. Lipogenesis was assessed with Nile red staining. In animal studies, full-thickness skin wounds in BALB/c mice were treated with gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogel-loaded sebocytes alone...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - February 27, 2024 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Tissue distribution of cysteine string protein/DNAJC5 in C. elegans analysed by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated tagging of endogenous DNJ-14
AbstractCysteine string protein (CSP) is a member of the DnaJ/Hsp40 family of molecular chaperones. CSP is enriched in neurons, where it mainly localises to synaptic vesicles. Mutations in CSP-encoding genes in flies, worms, mice and humans result in neuronal dysfunction, neurodegeneration and reduced lifespan. Most attention has therefore focused on CSP ’s neuronal functions, although CSP is also expressed in non-neuronal cells. Here, we used genome editing to fluorescently tag theCaenorhabditis elegans CSP orthologue,dnj-14, to identify which tissues preferentially express CSP and hence may contribute to the observed m...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - February 26, 2024 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) antagonises experimental proliferative vitreoretinopathy established by TGF- β2 stimulation in retinal pigment epithelial cells through modulation of the p38 and JNK MAPK pathways
AbstractThe formation of the epiretinal fibrotic membrane by retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells is a primary pathological change for proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) is an antifibrogenic factor in various cells. To date, it is still unknown whether BMP6 can interfere with the fibrogenesis of RPE cells during the progression of PVR. This work aimed to address the relationship between BMP6 and transforming growth factor- β2 (TGF-β2)-elicited fibrogenesis of RPE cells, an experimental model for studying PVR in vitro. The BMP6 level was down-regulated, while the TGF-β2 level was...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - February 26, 2024 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Nescient helix-loop-helix 1 (Nhlh1) is a novel activating transcription factor 5 (ATF5) target gene in olfactory and vomeronasal sensory neurons in mice
AbstractActivating transcription factor 5 (ATF5) is a transcription factor that belongs to the cAMP-response element-binding protein/ATF family and is essential for the differentiation and survival of sensory neurons in mouse olfactory organs. However, transcriptional target genes for ATF5 have yet to be identified. In the present study, chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-qPCR) experiments were performed to verify ATF5 target genes in the main olfactory epithelium and vomeronasal organ in the postnatal pups. ChIP-qPCR was conducted using hemagglutinin (HA)-tagged ATF5 knock-in olfact...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - February 23, 2024 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Identification of vagal afferent nerve endings in the mouse colon and their spatial relationship with enterochromaffin cells
AbstractUnderstanding how the gut communicates with the brain, via sensory nerves, is of significant interest to medical science. Enteroendocrine cells (EEC) that line the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract release neurochemicals, including the largest quantity of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). How the release of substances, like 5-HT, from enterochromaffin (EC) cells activates vagal afferent nerve endings is unresolved. We performed anterograde labelling from nodose ganglia in vivo and identified vagal afferent axons and nerve endings in the mucosa of whole-mount full-length preparations of mouse colon. We then determined ...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - February 22, 2024 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Paracrine and endocrine pathways of natriuretic peptides assessed by ligand-receptor mapping in the Japanese eel brain
AbstractThe natriuretic peptide (NP) family consists of cardiac NPs (ANP, BNP, and VNP) and brain NPs (CNPs) in teleosts. In addition to CNP1-4, a paralogue of CNP4 (named CNP4b) was recently discovered in basal teleosts including Japanese eel. Mammals have lost mostCnps during the evolution, but teleostcnps were conserved and diversified, suggesting that CNPs are important hormones for maintaining brain functions in teleost. The present study evaluated the potency of each Japanese eel CNP to their NP receptors (NPR-A, NPR-B, NPR-C, and NPR-D) overexpressed in CHO cells. A comprehensive brain map ofcnps- andnprs-expressing...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - February 19, 2024 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Comparative transcriptomic and phenotypic analysis of induced pluripotent stem cell hepatocyte-like cells and primary human hepatocytes
AbstractPrimary human hepatocytes (PHHs) are used extensively for in vitro liver cultures to study hepatic functions. However, limited availability and invasive retrieval prevent their widespread use. Induced pluripotent stem cells exhibit significant potential since they can be obtained non-invasively and differentiated into hepatic lineages, such as hepatocyte-like cells (iHLCs). However, there are concerns about their fetal phenotypic characteristics and their hepatic functions compared to PHHs in culture. Therefore, we performed an RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis to understand pathways that are either up- or downregu...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - February 19, 2024 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Entry of cannabidiol into the fetal, postnatal and adult rat brain
AbstractCannabidiol is a major component of cannabis but without known psychoactive properties. A wide range of properties have been attributed to it, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-cancer, anti-seizure and anxiolytic. However, being a fairly new compound in its purified form, little is known about cannabidiol brain entry, especially during development. Sprague Dawley rats at four developmental ages: embryonic day E19, postnatal day P4 and P12 and non-pregnant adult females were administered intraperitoneal cannabidiol at 10 mg/kg with [3H] labelled cannabidiol. To investigate the extent of placental transfer...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - February 17, 2024 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Long noncoding RNA XIST inhibition promotes Leydig cell apoptosis by acting as a competing endogenous RNA for microRNA-145a-5p that targets SIRT1 in late-onset hypogonadism
AbstractLeydig cell (LCs) apoptosis is responsible for decreased serum testosterone levels during late-onset hypogonadism (LOH). Our study was designed to illustrate the regulatory effect of lncRNA XIST on LCs and to clarify its molecular mechanism of action in LOH. The Leydig cells (TM3) was treated by 300 μM H2O2 for 8 h to establish Leydig cell oxidative stress model in vitro. The expression levels of lncRNA XIST in the testicular tissues of patients with LOH were measured using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The interaction between lncRNA XIST/SIRT1 and miR-145a-5p was assessed using starBase and d ual...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - February 14, 2024 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Calcium imaging of adult olfactory epithelium reveals amines as important odor class in fish
We report that amines elicit strong responses in olfactory sensory neurons, with a time course characteristically different from that of ATP-responsive (basal) cells. A quantitative analysis of the laminar height distribution shows amine-responsive cells undistinguishable from ciliated neurons positive for olfactory marker protein. This distribution is significantly different from those measured for microvillous neurons positive for transient receptor potential channel 2 and basal cells positive for proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Our results suggest amines as an important odor class for teleost fish. (Source: Cell and Tissue Research)
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - February 13, 2024 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
