A new organisational design in skeletal muscle fibres
AbstractIn vertebrate skeletal muscles, the architecture of myofibrils is particularly well conserved throughout the taxa. It is composed of suites of repeating functional units called sarcomeres which give the muscle its striated structure. Here, we show that the skeletal sound producing muscles of the cusk eelParophidion vassali have a different organisation, distinct from the classical type found in textbooks. Within sarcomeres, filaments are not straight lines but have a Y-shaped structure. This looks like chicken wire, with one branch connecting to a branch from the myofibril above and the other connecting to a branch...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - May 2, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Peroxisomes during postnatal development of mouse endocrine and exocrine pancreas display cell-type- and stage-specific protein composition
AbstractPeroxisomal dysfunction unhinges cellular metabolism by causing the accumulation of toxic metabolic intermediates (e.g. reactive oxygen species, very -chain fatty acids, phytanic acid or eicosanoids) and the depletion of important lipid products (e.g. plasmalogens, polyunsaturated fatty acids), leading to various proinflammatory and devastating pathophysiological conditions like metabolic syndrome and age-related diseases including diabetes. Because the peroxisomal antioxidative marker enzyme catalase is low abundant in Langerhans islet cells, peroxisomes were considered scarcely present in the endocrine pancreas. ...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - May 1, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Correction to: Modulation of matrix metalloproteases by ciliary neurotrophic factor in human placental development
(Source: Cell and Tissue Research)
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - April 22, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Cryostress induces fragmentation and alters the abundance of sperm transcripts associated with fertilizing competence and reproductive processes in buffalo
AbstractThe study aimed to assess the influence of cryostress on RNA integrity and functional significance in sperm fertilizing ability. The fresh and post-thawed buffalo sperm (n = 6 each) samples were evaluated for their functional attributes, and sperm total RNA was subjected to transcriptome sequencing followed by validation using real-time PCR and dot blot. Overall, 6911 genes had an expression of FPKM > 1, and among these 431 genes were abundantly expressed (FPKM > 20) in buffalo sperm. These abundantly expressed genes regulate reproductive functions such as sperm motility (TEKT2,SPEM1, andPRM3, F...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - April 20, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Ultrastructure of dorsal root ganglia
AbstractDorsal root ganglia (DRG) contains thousands of sensory neurons that transmit information about our external and internal environment to the central nervous system. This includes signals related to proprioception, temperature, and nociception. Our understanding of DRG has increased tremendously over the last 50 years and has established the DRG as an active participant in peripheral processes. This includes interactions between neurons and non-neuronal cells such as satellite glia cells and macrophages that contribute to an increasingly complex cellular environment that modulates neuronal function. Early ultrastr...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - April 20, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
The long non-coding RNA KLF3-AS1/miR-10a-3p/ZBTB20 axis improves the degenerative changes in human nucleus pulposus cells
In conclusion, KLF3-AS1 overexpression may ameliorate degenerative NP cell alterations through the miR-10a-3p/ZBTB20 axis. (Source: Cell and Tissue Research)
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - April 13, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Immortalized cell lines derived from dental/odontogenic tissue
AbstractStem cells derived from dental/odontogenic tissue have the property of multiple differentiation and are prospective in tooth regenerative medicine and cellular and molecular studies. However, in the face of cellular senescence soon in vitro, the proliferation ability of the cells is limited, so studies are hindered to some extent. Fortunately, immortalization strategies are expected to solve the above issues. Cellular immortalization is that cells are immortalized by introducing oncogenes, human telomerase reverse transcriptase genes (hTERT), or miscellaneous immortalization genes to get unlimited proliferation. At...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - April 11, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Yearning for machine learning: applications for the classification and characterisation of senescence
AbstractSenescence is a widely appreciated tumour suppressive mechanism, which acts as a barrier to cancer development by arresting cell cycle progression in response to harmful stimuli. However, senescent cell accumulation becomes deleterious in aging and contributes to a wide range of age-related pathologies. Furthermore, senescence has beneficial roles and is associated with a growing list of normal physiological processes including wound healing and embryonic development. Therefore, the biological role of senescent cells has become increasingly nuanced and complex. The emergence of sophisticated, next-generation profil...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - April 5, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Analysis of the spinal and vagal afferent innervation of the mouse colon using neuronal retrograde tracers
In conclusion, vagal afferent innervation of the distal colon is less extensive than the proximal colon, whereas a similar gradient was not observed for the spinal afferent innervation. Furthermore, overlap appears to exist between the receptive fields of vagal and spinal afferent neurons that innervate the proximal and distal colon. (Source: Cell and Tissue Research)
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - April 1, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Src inhibition induces mitotic arrest associated with chromosomal passenger complex
AbstractThe non-receptor tyrosine kinase Src plays a key role in cell division, migration, adhesion, and survival. Src is overactivated in several cancers, where it transmits signals that promote cell survival, mitosis, and other important cancer hallmarks. Src is therefore a promising target in cancer therapy, but the underlying mechanisms are still uncertain. Here we show that Src is highly conserved across different species. Src expression increases during mitosis and is localized to the chromosomal passenger complex. Knockdown or inhibition of Src induces multipolar spindle formation, resulting in abnormal expression o...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - March 29, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Comparative expression analysis of the Atoh7 gene regulatory network in the mouse and chicken auditory hindbrain
AbstractThe mammalian and avian auditory brainstem likely arose by independent evolution. To compare the underlying molecular mechanisms, we focused onAtoh7, as its expression pattern in the mammalian hindbrain is restricted to bushy cells in the ventral cochlear nucleus. We thereby took advantage of anAtoh7 centered gene regulatory network (GRN) in the retina including upstream regulators,Hes1 andPax6, and downstream targets,Ebf3 andEya2. In situ hybridization demonstrated for the latter four genes broad expression in all three murine cochlear nuclei at postnatal days (P) 4 and P30, contrasting the restricted expression o...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - March 24, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
New developments in prion disease research using genetically modified mouse models
AbstractWhile much of what we know about the general principles of protein-based information transfer derives from studies of experimentally adapted rodent prions, these laboratory strains are limited in their ability to recapitulate features of human and animal prions and the diseases they produce. Here, we review how recent approaches using genetically modified mice have informed our understanding of naturally occurring prion diseases, their strain properties, and the factors controlling their transmission and evolution. In light of the increasing importance of chronic wasting disease, the application of mouse transgenes...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - March 17, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
Ontogenetic development of the water channel protein AQP5 in mouse salivary gland tissue
AbstractAquaporins (AQP) are a family of channel proteins expressed in the cell membranes of many tissue types. As water channels, they enable the selective permeation of water molecules and thus play an important role in water transport through the plasma membrane. There are numerous AQP sub-types, among which AQP5 is expressed in the salivary glands. The expression and localization of AQP5 in different salivary gland cells of animal models during fetal development and after birth have enabled the physiological functions of AQP5 to be elucidated, but subsequent changes in the adult phase are unknown. It is known that sali...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - March 15, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
New developments in prion disease research
(Source: Cell and Tissue Research)
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - March 15, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
NECL2 regulates blood –testis barrier dynamics in mouse testes
AbstractThe adhesion protein nectin-like molecule 2 (NECL2) is involved in spermatogenesis and participates in the connections between Sertoli cells and germ cells.Necl2 deficiency leads to infertility in male mice. We found that NECL2 is relatively highly expressed on the cell membranes of preleptotene spermatocytes. It is known that preleptotene spermatocytes pass through the blood-testis barrier (BTB) from the base of the seminiferous tubules to the lumen to complete meiosis. We hypothesized that the NECL2 protein on the surfaces of preleptotene spermatocytes has an effect on the BTB when crossing the barrier. Our resul...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - March 6, 2023 Category: Cytology Source Type: research
