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Intranasal booster vaccination of beef steers reduces clinical signs following experimental coinfection with BRSV and BHV-1 without reducing shedding of BRD-associated bacteria
Am J Vet Res. 2024 Mar 4:1-11. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.11.0266. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of primary or booster intranasal vaccination of beef steers on clinical protection and pathogen detection following simultaneous challenge with bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine herpes virus 1.METHODS: 30 beef steers were randomly allocated to 3 different treatment groups starting at 2 months of age. Group A (n = 10) was administered a single dose of a parenteral modified-live vaccine and was moved to a separate pasture. Groups B (n = 10) and C (10) remained unvaccinated. At 6 months o...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - February 29, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: David A Mart ínez Manuel F Chamorro Thomas Passler Laura Huber Shollie Falkenberg Paul H Walz Merrilee Thoresen Gage Raithel Scott Silvis Kiril M Dimitrov Ricardo Stockler Amelia R Woolums Source Type: research

Oral bacteria may affect conjunctival microorganisms in brachycephalic dogs: a preliminary study
This study provided evidence that brachycephalic dogs may require dental prophylaxis to reduce their oral bacterial load and that the association of oral bacteria in ocular diseases should be considered.PMID:38422613 | DOI:10.2460/ajvr.23.11.0260 (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - February 29, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Sehan Shin Kangmoon Seo Gi Yong Lee Soo-Jin Yang Se Eun Kim Source Type: research

Splenic gene expression of cytokines at multiple time points following lipopolysaccharide challenge in layers
Am J Vet Res. 2024 Mar 4:1-7. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.10.0246. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To investigate inflammatory responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection in layers.ANIMALS: 33 40-week-old laying hens were used.METHODS: 30 laying hens were divided into 2 groups: the first group was injected with 8 mg/kg LPS, while the second group was injected with sterile saline. At the start of the study, 3 birds served as a baseline and were used as the time 0 controls for both the saline and LPS-treated groups. Blood and spleen tissues were collected at 0 (before) and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 hours after injection.RESULT...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - February 29, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Mingyan Jing Shengnan Li Shusheng Zhao James D House Source Type: research

Ciprofloxacin enhances therapeutic levels of voriconazole through CYP450 inhibition in the common raven (Corvus corax), possibly improving efficacy against aspergillosis: a pilot study
Am J Vet Res. 2024 Mar 4:1-10. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.12.0288. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To determine if a cytochrome (CYP) P450 enzyme inhibitor can maintain therapeutic plasma levels of voriconazole when administered orally.ANIMALS: 11 healthy, common ravens (Corvus corax).METHODS: Birds were randomly assigned to pilot study groups to receive voriconazole orally alone or combined with a CYP inhibitor. Pilot studies with 3 CYP inhibitors launched the main study using ciprofloxacin (20 mg/kg) followed 1 hour later by voriconazole (6 mg/kg) every 12 hours for 14 days. Plasma voriconazole concentrations were mea...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - February 29, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Sharmie D Johnson Andreas Lehner Levent Dirikolu John Buchweitz Source Type: research

Pulse-wave analysis during routine blood pressure measurement shows potential to distinguish between sinus and nonsinus rhythm
Am J Vet Res. 2024 Mar 4:1-8. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.10.0233. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To investigate whether pulse-wave analysis (PWA) performed by trained evaluators facilitates detection of nonsinus rhythm.ANIMALS: Same-day, high-definition oscillometry pulse-wave data and ECG results of 155 animals (144 dogs and 11 cats) were analyzed.METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 18 participants from various backgrounds, all of whom received PWA training. The ability to distinguish between sinus and nonsinus rhythms was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The pulse-wave ...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - February 29, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Chung-Chun Yang I-Ping Chan Tung Hsueh Shiun-Long Lin Source Type: research

Subcutaneous administration of ceftazidime at 20 and 40 mg/kg produces theoretically therapeutic plasma concentrations for at least 120 hours in red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans)
Am J Vet Res. 2024 Mar 2:1-7. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.11.0265. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the pharmacokinetic parameters of SC ceftazidime administered at 20 and 40 mg/kg to red-eared sliders.ANIMALS: 8 adult red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans).METHODS: In a sequential, 2-period study with a 3-week washout period between treatments, ceftazidime was administered SC to turtles at 20 and 40 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected from the subcarapacial sinus at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours after ceftazidime administration. Plasma ceftazidime concentrations were quantified using rev...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - February 27, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Kara Hiebert Sherry Cox Shawna Hawkins Source Type: research

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Am J Vet Res. 2024 Feb 26:1. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.24.02.0033. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38412625 | DOI:10.2460/ajvr.24.02.0033 (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - February 27, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Jessica Knight Alonso G P Guedes Laura K Molgaard Source Type: research

Modeling daily veterinary anesthetist patient care hours and probabilities of exceeding critical thresholds
Am J Vet Res. 2024 Feb 27:1-10. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.09.0196. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: Use a referral dental clinic model to study how to calculate accurate 95% upper confidence limits for probabilities of workloads (total case duration, including turnover time) exceeding allocated times.ANIMALS: Dogs and cats undergoing dental treatments.METHODS: Managerial data (procedure date and duration) collected over 44 consecutive operative workdays were used to calculate the daily anesthetist workload. Workloads were compared with a normal distribution using the Shapiro-Wilk test, serial correlation was examined by...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - February 26, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Franklin Dexter Renata H Pinho Daniel S J Pang Source Type: research

Inhibitor of P-glycoprotein-mediated drug transport by curcumin in broiler chickens
Am J Vet Res. 2024 Feb 27:1-8. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.09.0210. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of curcumin in the regulation of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and its influence on the pharmacokinetics of P-gp substrates.SAMPLE: 39 broiler chicken and chicken embryonic primary hepatocytes.METHODS: Chicken embryonic primary hepatocytes were treated with curcumin, after which cell viability, P-gp expression, and transport were assessed. Broiler chickens were pretreated with curcumin, after which P-gp expression and the pharmacokinetic behavior of orally administered sulfadiazine (a substrate of P-gp) wer...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - February 26, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Mei Li Maynur Abdurexit Ziyong Xu Yanhong Gao Yujuan Zhang Source Type: research

Neurofilament light chain concentration does not correlate with disease status in Labrador Retrievers affected with idiopathic laryngeal paralysis
Am J Vet Res. 2024 Feb 23:1-8. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.12.0292. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate whether plasma neurofilament light chain (pNfL) concentration was altered in Labrador Retrievers with idiopathic laryngeal paralysis (ILP) compared to a control population. A secondary aim was to investigate relationships between age, height, weight, and body mass index in the populations studied.ANIMALS: 123 dogs: 62 purebred Labrador Retrievers with ILP (ILP Cases) and 61 age-matched healthy medium- to large-breed dogs (Controls).METHODS: Dogs, recruited from August 1, 2016, to Ma...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - February 21, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Jacquelyn H Perino Margaret Patterson Mehdi Momen Mina Borisova Amanda Heslegrave Henrik Zetterberg Jordan Gruel Emily E Binversie Ryan S Anderson Helena Rylander Starr Cameron Benjamin Miranda Gabi Conidi John Svaren Susannah J Sample Source Type: research