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Radiographic identification of challenging gastrointestinal tract foreign bodies: a descriptive study of how appearance varies in air versus water to aid interpretation
Am J Vet Res. 2024 Apr 16:1-4. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.10.0237. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To provide veterinarians with updated radiographic descriptions of select radiolucent foreign material in a simulated gastrointestinal environment.SAMPLE: 368 veterinarian respondents from the US.METHODS: An online survey was administered between June 18, 2023, and July 2, 2023, through a private veterinarian-based social media group. Representative commonly ingested foreign bodies were radiographed surrounded by air and water to simulate being within the gastrointestinal tract. Two examiners evaluated and qualified the op...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - April 15, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Franco Yuen Sophie Dennison Source Type: research

Blood cardioplegia reduces intraoperative ventricular fibrillation and transfusion requirements compared to crystalloid cardioplegia in canine mitral valve repair
This study aims to evaluate the occurrence of VF in dogs treated with blood cardioplegia (BCP) versus crystalloid cardioplegia (CCP) during MVR.ANIMALS: A total of 251 client-owned dogs who underwent MVR from November 2015 to November 2017 were included.METHODS: We retrospectively assessed the relationship between VF and type of cardioplegia (CCP or BCP) based on surgical records, including VF incidence, transfusion use, crossclamp time, and echocardiographic measurements.RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis showed that the CCP group was associated with the occurrence of VF (OR, 2.378; CI, 1.133-4.992; P = .022). In addit...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - April 12, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Kentaro Kurogochi Masami Uechi Source Type: research

Feeding dogs a high-fat diet induces metabolic changes similar to natural aging, including dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, and peripheral insulin resistance
Am J Vet Res. 2024 Apr 15:1-11. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.11.0253. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to characterize changes induced by a high-fat diet in body composition, insulin levels and sensitivity, blood lipids, and other key biomarkers also associated with the metabolic dysfunction that occurs with natural aging.ANIMALS: 24 male Beagle dogs, 3 to 7 years of age, of mixed castration status.METHODS: Dogs were randomly assigned to continue twice daily feeding of the commercial adult maintenance diet (n = 12, including 2 intact) that they were previously fed or to a high-fat diet (12, inclu...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - April 11, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Brennen McKenzie Matthew Peloquin Ashley Tovar Jessica L Graves Ellen Ratcliff Katya Tucker Kenny Vo Karen Greenwood Celine-Lea Halioua-Haubold Dina Juarez-Salinas Source Type: research

Faster perfusate instillation time results in more systemic leakage of amikacin sulfate when performing intravenous regional limb perfusion in horses
Am J Vet Res. 2024 Apr 13:1-6. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.24.02.0029. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To evaluate if a difference in synovial amikacin concentrations exists in the radiocarpal joint (RCJ) following different durations of instillation of an IV regional limb perfusion (IVRLP) perfusate.ANIMALS: 7 healthy horses.METHODS: Horses received 2 IVRLPs with 2 g amikacin diluted to 60 mL with 0.9% NaCl via the cephalic vein in a crossover study design with a wash-out period between procedures. Instillation of the perfusate was administered over a 1-minute (technique 1) and 5-minute (technique 5) period. Concentrations...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - April 9, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Laurel K Saldinger Isabelle Kilcoyne Jorge Nieto Source Type: research

The virus is out of the barn: the emergence of HPAI as a pathogen of avian and mammalian wildlife around the globe
Am J Vet Res. 2024 Apr 13:1-7. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.24.01.0018. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHighly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) has persisted as a One Health threat whose current circulation and impact are addressed in the companion Currents in One Health by Puryear and Runstadler, JAVMA, May 2024. Highly pathogenic avian influenza emerged as a by-product of agricultural practices and adapted to endemic circulation in wild bird species. Over more than 20 years, continued evolution in a complex ecology involving multiple hosts has produced a lineage that expanded globally over the last 2 years. Understanding the continu...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - April 9, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Jonathan A Runstadler Wendy B Puryear Source Type: research

Hepatic lipid accumulation is associated with multiple metabolic pathway alterations but not dyslipidemia and insulin resistance in central bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps)
Am J Vet Res. 2024 Apr 13:1-10. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.12.0285. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To investigate associations between hepatic fat accumulation, fibrosis, and plasma values of primary metabolites, biochemical measurands, insulin, and lipoproteins in bearded dragons.ANIMALS: 48 adult central bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps).METHODS: Dragons were sedated with alfaxalone, and a blood sample was collected. Plasma was submitted for untargeted primary metabolomics using gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry, a biochemistry panel, and a lipoprotein panel determined by PAGE. Hepatic lipid conten...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - April 9, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Hugues Beaufr ère Lisa Pacumio Leonardo Susta Danielle Tarbert M élanie Ammersbach Kevin Keel Source Type: research

The virus is out of the barn: the emergence of HPAI as a pathogen of avian and mammalian wildlife around the globe
Am J Vet Res. 2024 Apr 13:1-7. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.24.01.0018. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHighly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) has persisted as a One Health threat whose current circulation and impact are addressed in the companion Currents in One Health by Puryear and Runstadler, JAVMA, March 2024. Highly pathogenic avian influenza emerged as a by-product of agricultural practices and adapted to endemic circulation in wild bird species. Over more than 20 years, continued evolution in a complex ecology involving multiple hosts has produced a lineage that expanded globally over the last 2 years. Understanding the conti...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - April 9, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Jonathan A Runstadler Wendy B Puryear Source Type: research

Transmucosal administration of pentobarbital and phenytoin solution induces euthanasia in bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps)
Am J Vet Res. 2024 Apr 8:1-6. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.24.02.0026. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of transmucosal euthanasia solution to induce euthanasia.ANIMALS: 6 bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps).METHODS: An initial dose of euthanasia solution containing pentobarbital and phenytoin sodium was administered transmucosally in conscious lizards (100 mg/kg pentobarbital dose), followed by a second dose 20 minutes later (400 mg/kg pentobarbital dose). The presence of movement, leakage of euthanasia solution, behaviors consistent with oral irritation, respiratory rate, heart rate, palpebral and corn...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - April 3, 2024 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Amanda D Wong Danielle M Lang Jacob P Dalen Denise M Imai Krista A Keller Source Type: research