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Anesthetic efficacy of dexmedetomidine-ketamine in eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) is enhanced with the addition of midazolam and when administered in the forelimb versus the hindlimb
Am J Vet Res. 2023 Dec 5:1-9. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.10.0226. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To compare dexmedetomidine-ketamine (DK; 0.1 and 10 mg/kg, respectively) with midazolam (M; 1.0 mg/kg) or 0.9% sodium chloride (S; 0.2 mL/kg) administered IM in the forelimb (F) or hindlimb (H) in eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina).ANIMALS: 20 clinically healthy, captive adult eastern box turtles.METHODS: In a randomized, blinded, complete crossover study with 1-week washout periods, turtles were administered each of 3 treatments: F-DKS, F-DKM, or H-DKM. Palpebral reflex, muscle tone, and withdrawal responses...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - December 1, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Ashlyn C Heniff Olivia A Petritz Rachel G Carpenter Gregory A Lewbart Julie A Balko Source Type: research

Sedation with dexmedetomidine decreases skin perfusion in cats
Am J Vet Res. 2023 Oct 16;84(12):ajvr.23.06.0137. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.06.0137. Print 2023 Dec 1.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To evaluate skin perfusion in cats receiving dexmedetomidine compared to a placebo.ANIMALS: 9 healthy adult research cats.METHODS: A randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled study design was used. Two sites, the dorsal metatarsus (site: limb) and lateral flank (site: flank), were evaluated with laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) at baseline and following administration of dexmedetomidine (1, 3, or 5 mcg/kg, IV) or a placebo (0.9% saline, IV). Mean speckle contrast (MSC), a surrogate for perfusion, was obtai...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - December 1, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Danielle L Hollenbeck Bradley T Simon Elizabeth M Scallan Kelley M Thieman-Mankin David R Miller Andrew K Dunn Vanna M Dickerson Source Type: research

Photobiomodulation therapy in dogs undergoing TPLO after cranial cruciate ligament rupture shows promise but no statistically significant difference in a randomized trial
Am J Vet Res. 2023 Dec 5:1-8. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.06.0138. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: Effect of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in patients with CCLR after TPLO surgery by measuring C-reactive protein (CRP), percentage weight bearing, lameness using a short form of a composite measure pain scale, evaluated by the clinician and owners, and surgical site infection.SAMPLE: 54 client-owned dogs with CCLR undergoing unilateral TPLO surgery were enrolled in this study between April 5, 2021, through April 10, 2022.METHODS: The study population was randomly assigned to either a treatment group receiving PMBT (24 d...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - December 1, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Oscar A Chavez Walter Renberg Natalia Cernicchiaro Source Type: research

A proposed rescue transesophageal echocardiographic protocol for anesthetized dogs
Am J Vet Res. 2023 Dec 4:1-8. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.07.0176. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To describe the acquisition and pitfalls of a 3-view transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) protocol in anesthetized, dorsally recumbent dogs.ANIMALS: 8 beagles, 1 to 2 years old, 7.4 to 11.2 kg.METHODS: Dogs were anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, and placed in dorsal recumbency. A TEE probe was advanced, and 3 views were performed: midesophageal 4-chamber and long axis (ME 4C and ME LAX) and caudal esophageal short axis (CE SAX) at the level of the papillary muscles. Probe insertion depth, flexion, omniplane angle, an...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - November 30, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Manuel Martin-Flores Cheyenne J Cannarozzo Joaquin D Araos Andrew P Notarianni Felipe Teran Mark Rishniw Luis Campoy Robin D Gleed Source Type: research

Calculation of body surface area of corn snakes (Pantherophis guttatus) utilizing computed tomography
Am J Vet Res. 2023 Dec 4:1-4. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.09.0217. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To determine the K-constant for body surface area calculation from body weight in corn snakes (Pantherophis guttatus) through the use of computed tomography (CT) measurements.ANIMALS: 12 adult corn snakes held by North Carolina State University for research purposes underwent CT between November 2022 and January 2023.METHODS: Each snake had a CT scan, physical examination, and body weight measurement. CT images were uploaded into software able to perform 3-D reconstruction and measure body surface area. The species-specific...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - November 30, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Daria G Hinkle Nathan C Nelson Elizabeth G Duke Tara M Harrison Source Type: research

Platinum measurements in Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline are lower than in plasma and can be sampled with ultrafiltration probes in vitro
Am J Vet Res. 2023 Dec 4:1-8. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.09.0205. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To compare the influence of fluid on carboplatin elution, and assess the feasibility of ultrafiltration (UF) probe sampling.SAMPLE: 20 samples of 5 mg carboplatin in 1.0 mL 30% poloxamer 407 eluting in Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS) or canine plasma and 6 samples of UF probe sampling in 0.01 mg/mL carboplatin in DPBS or plasma.METHODS: Carboplatin-gel specimens in dialysis tubing (12- to 14-kDa pores) were placed in 100 mL of DPBS or canine plasma (37 °C and 600 rpm stirring) in a nonlidded and lidded experime...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - November 29, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Marije Risselada Robyn McCain Source Type: research

Comparison of three methods for nucleus pulposus volume measurement in rabbit lumbar spines: a preclinical model for measurement of the effectiveness of prophylactic intervertebral disk fenestration in dogs
Am J Vet Res. 2023 Dec 4:1-7. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.07.0165. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: Compare 3 methods of nucleus pulposus (NP) volume measurement using the rabbit lumbar spines as a preclinical model to determine the effectiveness of prophylactic intervertebral disk fenestration in dogs.ANIMALS: Twelve 9-month-old, skeletally mature female entire New Zealand White rabbits weighing between 3.5 to 4.5 kg.METHODS: NP volume measurements of dissected rabbit lumber spines between L1 and L6 were made and compared using gross measurements, reconstructed MRI images, and water volumetry based on Archimedes' princip...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - November 29, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Jason Hawkins James D Crowley Matthew H Pelletier William R Walsh Source Type: research

Hematological profile of healthy Thoroughbred foals from birth to one month of age in Trinidad, West Indies
This study aimed to develop a sound database for the hematological reference intervals of thoroughbred foals in Trinidad, West Indies from birth to 1 month of age.ANIMALS: 89 foals.METHODS: Whole blood samples were taken from 89 foals throughout Trinidad at approximately 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month of age. These foals were examined to be classified as healthy or free from disease. Complete blood count (CBC), microscopic analysis of blood smears, and conventional PCR for Theileria equi and Babesia caballi were performed.RESULTS: Of the 89 foals, 67 were deemed healthy and suitable for establishing reference intervals. Foals ...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - November 29, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Candice Sant Daniel M Lima Roger d'Abadie Indira Pargass Karla C Georges Source Type: research

Pharmacokinetics of single-dose oral atorvastatin and its metabolites support therapeutic use in orange-winged amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica)
Am J Vet Res. 2023 Dec 4:1-7. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.10.0227. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To evaluate the plasma concentrations and determine pharmacokinetic parameters of atorvastatin and its primary active metabolites (para- and ortho-hydroxyatorvastatin) after administration of a single oral dose in orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica).ANIMALS: 8 adult orange-winged Amazon parrots (4 male, 4 female) of varying ages.METHODS: A compounded oral suspension of atorvastatin 10 mg/mL was administered via oral gavage at 20 mg/kg to each bird. Blood samples were collected at 10 different time points from 0...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - November 29, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Nicole Mikoni David Sanchez-Migallon Guzman Heather Knych Hugues Beaufr ère Source Type: research

Early decrease of ionized calcium and static symmetric dimethylarginine concentration in a model of renal tubular necrosis in corn snakes (Pantherophis guttatus)
Am J Vet Res. 2023 Dec 4:1-10. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.23.09.0204. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To determine if plasma concentrations of symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase (NAG), GGT, ALT, AST, lactate, total calcium, and ionized calcium (iCa) and the calcium:phosphorus ratio are clinically relevant biomarkers to detect early stages of tubular lesions in snakes.ANIMALS: 6 adult corn snakes (Pantherophis guttatus).METHODS: Corn snakes were administered 11 injections of gentamicin at 50 mg/kg, SC, q 24 h in an experimental model of induced tubular necrosis. Plasma biochemistry and blood ...
Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research - November 29, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Claire Vergneau-Grosset Julie Pujol Bastien Rubin Jacobo Romano Noriega Carolyn Gara-Boivin Younes Chorfi Shannon Ferrell St éphane Lair Source Type: research