A large travel-associated outbreak of iatrogenic botulism in four European countries following intragastric botulinum neurotoxin injections for weight reduction, T ürkiye, February to March 2023
In March 2023, 34 associated cases of iatrogenic botulism were detected in Germany (30 cases), Switzerland (two cases), Austria (one case), and France (one case). An alert was rapidly disseminated via European Union networks and communication platforms (Food- and Waterborne Diseases and Zoonoses Network, EpiPulse, Early Warning and Response System) and the International Health Regulation mechanism; the outbreak was investigated in a European collaboration. We traced sources of the botulism outbreak to treatment of weight loss in Türkiye, involving intragastric injections of botulinum neurotoxin. Cases were traced usin...
Source: Eurosurveillance - June 8, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Martin Bernhard Dorner, Hendrik Wilking, Martin Skiba, Laura Wilk, Maximilian Steinberg, Sylvia Worbs, Sabahat Çeken, Sedat Kaygusuz, Stéphanie Simon, François Becher, Agata Mikolajewska, Christian Kornschober, Timo Bütler, Nathalie Jourdan-Da-Silva, Source Type: research
Lessons from a recent multicountry iatrogenic botulism outbreak
(Source: Eurosurveillance)
Source: Eurosurveillance - June 8, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Fabrizio Anniballi Source Type: research
Foodborne botulism and the importance of recognizing the disease in the emergency department: a case report
ConclusionIt is important to rapidly recognize the possible diagnosis of botulism even if the neurological symptoms are not dominant. Rapid neurologic dysfunction and respiratory difficulties starts between 6 and 72 hours after ingestion. The decision to administer antitoxins should, however, be based on the presumptive clinical diagnosis and diagnosis should not delay therapy. (Source: Journal of Medical Case Reports)
Source: Journal of Medical Case Reports - April 15, 2023 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Characterization of a novel tetravalent botulism antitoxin based on receptor-binding domain of BoNTs
This study demonstrated the concept of developing potent novel multivalent antitoxins against all BoNTs or other toxins, using the RBD of these toxins as an alternative antigen to inactivated toxins. KEY POINTS: • Antitoxins based on the receptor-binding domains of botulinum neurotoxins were made. • Novel antitoxin binds RBD; traditional antitoxin mainly binds light chain or HN domain. • A tetravalent antitoxin could prevent and treat the four mixed neurotoxins in vivo.PMID:37058230 | DOI:10.1007/s00253-023-12515-2 (Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology)
Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - April 14, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Dan-Yang Shi Jian-Sheng Lu Yun-Yun Mao Fu-Jia Liu Rong Wang Peng Du Shuo Yu Yun-Zhou Yu Zhi-Xin Yang Source Type: research
Characterization of a novel tetravalent botulism antitoxin based on receptor-binding domain of BoNTs
This study demonstrated the concept of developing potent novel multivalent antitoxins against all BoNTs or other toxins, using the RBD of these toxins as an alternative antigen to inactivated toxins. KEY POINTS: • Antitoxins based on the receptor-binding domains of botulinum neurotoxins were made. • Novel antitoxin binds RBD; traditional antitoxin mainly binds light chain or HN domain. • A tetravalent antitoxin could prevent and treat the four mixed neurotoxins in vivo.PMID:37058230 | DOI:10.1007/s00253-023-12515-2 (Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology)
Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - April 14, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Dan-Yang Shi Jian-Sheng Lu Yun-Yun Mao Fu-Jia Liu Rong Wang Peng Du Shuo Yu Yun-Zhou Yu Zhi-Xin Yang Source Type: research
Inactivation of Group I and Group II Clostridium botulinum spores by ultraviolet irradiation in water
This study examined the lethality of 254 nm UV radiation (UV-C) to spores of Group I and Group II C. botulinum. Spores of C. botulinum were inactivated by UV-C, with doses required for incremental log reduction (D10) values calculated using linear regression ranging from 2.87 to 3.70 mJ/cm2 for Group I strains and 4.46 to 6.15 mJ/cm2 for Group II strains. The measured D10 value for spores of C. sporogenes ATCC 19404 was 8.27 mJ/cm2 indicating it was more resistant than the strains of C. botulinum used in this study. Calculation of dose per log using a Weibull model resulted in higher D10 values of 6.67 to 8.81 mJ/cm2 for G...
Source: International Journal of Food Microbiology - April 5, 2023 Category: Food Science Authors: Nadia Assal Ryan Boone Richard A Harris Michelle Gabriel Michael Sasges Brian Petri Hosahalli Ramaswamy John W Austin Source Type: research
Inactivation of Group I and Group II Clostridium botulinum spores by ultraviolet irradiation in water
This study examined the lethality of 254 nm UV radiation (UV-C) to spores of Group I and Group II C. botulinum. Spores of C. botulinum were inactivated by UV-C, with doses required for incremental log reduction (D10) values calculated using linear regression ranging from 2.87 to 3.70 mJ/cm2 for Group I strains and 4.46 to 6.15 mJ/cm2 for Group II strains. The measured D10 value for spores of C. sporogenes ATCC 19404 was 8.27 mJ/cm2 indicating it was more resistant than the strains of C. botulinum used in this study. Calculation of dose per log using a Weibull model resulted in higher D10 values of 6.67 to 8.81 mJ/cm2 for G...
Source: International Journal of Food Microbiology - April 5, 2023 Category: Food Science Authors: Nadia Assal Ryan Boone Richard A Harris Michelle Gabriel Michael Sasges Brian Petri Hosahalli Ramaswamy John W Austin Source Type: research
Inactivation of Group I and Group II Clostridium botulinum spores by ultraviolet irradiation in water
This study examined the lethality of 254 nm UV radiation (UV-C) to spores of Group I and Group II C. botulinum. Spores of C. botulinum were inactivated by UV-C, with doses required for incremental log reduction (D10) values calculated using linear regression ranging from 2.87 to 3.70 mJ/cm2 for Group I strains and 4.46 to 6.15 mJ/cm2 for Group II strains. The measured D10 value for spores of C. sporogenes ATCC 19404 was 8.27 mJ/cm2 indicating it was more resistant than the strains of C. botulinum used in this study. Calculation of dose per log using a Weibull model resulted in higher D10 values of 6.67 to 8.81 mJ/cm2 for G...
Source: International Journal of Food Microbiology - April 5, 2023 Category: Food Science Authors: Nadia Assal Ryan Boone Richard A Harris Michelle Gabriel Michael Sasges Brian Petri Hosahalli Ramaswamy John W Austin Source Type: research
Duration of Fecal Excretion of Clostridium Botulinum and Botulinum Neurotoxin in Patients Recovering from Infant Botulism
This study sought to determine duration of fecal excretion of Clostridium botulinum organisms and neurotoxin after onset of infant botulism in 66 affected infants. Median excretion was longer for type A than type B patients (organisms: 5.9 vs 3.5 weeks, toxin: 4.8 vs 1.6 weeks, respectively). Toxin excretion always ceased before organism excretion. Antibiotic therapy did not affect duration of excretion. (Source: The Journal of Pediatrics)
Source: The Journal of Pediatrics - March 31, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Haydee A. Dabritz, Jessica R. Payne, Jessica M. Khouri Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research
Duration of Fecal Excretion of Clostridium botulinum and Botulinum Neurotoxin in Children Recovering from Infant Botulism
This study sought to determine duration of fecal excretion of Clostridium botulinum organisms and neurotoxin after onset of infant botulism in 62 affected infants. Median excretion was longer for type A than type B patients (organisms: 5.9 versus 3.5 weeks, toxin: 4.8 versus 1.6 weeks, respectively). Toxin excretion always ceased before organism excretion. Antibiotic therapy did not affect duration of excretion.Methods (Source: The Journal of Pediatrics)
Source: The Journal of Pediatrics - March 31, 2023 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Haydee A. Dabritz, Jessica R. Payne, Jessica M. Khouri Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research
Discovery of novel virulence mechanisms in Clostridium botulinum type A3 using genome-wide analysis
CONCLUSION: The results of our study provide insight into the understanding of new virulence mechanisms to discover new therapeutics for the treatment of human diseases caused by type A3 strains.PMID:36972858 | DOI:10.1016/j.gene.2023.147402 (Source: Gene)
Source: Gene - March 27, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: B Roja S Saranya P Chellapandi Source Type: research
Discovery of novel virulence mechanisms in Clostridium botulinum type A3 using genome-wide analysis
CONCLUSION: The results of our study provide insight into the understanding of new virulence mechanisms to discover new therapeutics for the treatment of human diseases caused by type A3 strains.PMID:36972858 | DOI:10.1016/j.gene.2023.147402 (Source: Gene)
Source: Gene - March 27, 2023 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: B Roja S Saranya P Chellapandi Source Type: research
Recurrent Infant Botulism Complicated by Necrotizing Enterocolitis
We present a case of a term infant with intrauterine growth restriction but an otherwise uneventful pregnancy and delivery. He required 5 days of feeding support and was discharged with full oral premade formula feeds. His motor exam was normal and family history negative for neuromuscular diseases. (Source: Pediatric Neurology)
Source: Pediatric Neurology - March 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Kelly Sherynn Greene Aminian, Pratima Gulati Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
Crystal structures of OrfX1, OrfX2 and the OrfX1 –OrfX3 complex from the orfX gene cluster of botulinum neurotoxin E1
We report the crystal structures of OrfX1, OrfX2, and an OrfX1 –OrfX3 complex, which are encoded in theorfX gene cluster of a BoNT/E1-producingClostridium botulinum strain associated with human foodborne botulism. These structures lay the foundation for future studies of the potential roles of OrfX proteins in oral intoxication and pathogenesis of BoNTs and otherorfX-related bacterial toxins. Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are among the most lethal toxins known to humans, comprising seven established serotypes termed BoNT/A –G encoded in two types of gene clusters (ha andorfX) in BoNT-producing clostridia. Theha cluster...
Source: FEBS Letters - January 28, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Linfeng Gao,
Kwok ‐ho Lam,
Shun Liu,
Adina Przykopanski,
Johanna Lübke,
Ruifeng Qi,
Maren Krüger,
Maria B. Nowakowska,
Katja Selby,
François P. Douillard,
Martin B. Dorner,
Kay Perry,
Miia Lindström,
Brigitte G. Dorner,
Andreas Rummel, Tags: Research Letter Source Type: research
