Cardiovascular Disease is Perhaps Less Well Understood than is Widely Perceived to be the Case
In conclusion, in less common and visible cardiovascular diseases, it is crucial to recognize substantial progress and achievement, given that penetration of such information into clinical practice and the patient community can be inconsistent. Diseases such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and ATTR cardiac amyloidosis, once linked to a uniformly adverse prognosis, are now associated with the opportunity for patients to experience satisfactory quality of life and extended longevity. (Source: Fight Aging!)
Source: Fight Aging! - November 4, 2021 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Paradoxical Low flow-Low gradient- Aortic stenosis: What is the paradox & why does it happen?
Aortic stenosis evaluation was so simple in our early days. Gradients across the valve were the key. Now, we have more parameters to bother about. Dynamic AVOs, flow state, resting LV function, contractile reserves, GLS, dobutamine response, etc. MRI assessment will soon overtake echocardiography.
Hemodynamics of flow across LVOT. MRI 4D volumetric model of normal Aortic stenotic flow in the bicuspid valve (On the left). The more we know, the more we tend to miss! Image courtesy: Northwestern Medicine
The current AS algorithms, though scientific, I am afraid, appear much complicated with some frightening terminol...
Source: Dr.S.Venkatesan MD - October 17, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: dr s venkatesan Tags: Aortic diseases aortic stenosis amyloidosis in aortic stenosis ASE ACC AHA ESC guidelines for aortic stenosis dobutamine stress in aortic stenosis doppler error in aortic stenosis grading severity of aortic stenosis hypertension and aortic s Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, August 23rd 2021
In this study, we used the UK Biobank (n = 440,185) to resolve previous ambiguities in the relationship between serum IGF-1 levels and clinical disease. We examined prospective associations of serum IGF-1 with mortality, dementia, vascular disease, diabetes, osteoporosis, and cancer, finding two generalized patterns.
First, IGF-1 interacts with age to modify risk in a manner consistent with antagonistic pleiotropy; younger individuals with high IGF-1 are protected from disease, while older individuals with high IGF-1 are at increased risk for incident disease or death. Second, the association between IGF-1 and risk ...
Source: Fight Aging! - August 22, 2021 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
The Harms Done By Transthyretin Amyloid in the Aging Body
It is becoming clear that transthyretin amyloid accumulation makes a meaningful contribution to cardiovascular disease and a range of other conditions over the course of normal aging. It remains poorly explored, but that will likely change in the years ahead now that there are treatments capable of reducing the amount of transthyretin amyloid in the body. Clinical development of these therapies is initially focused on the rare cases of transthyretin amyloidosis in which inherited mutations greatly speed the process of amyloid formation, but some of them appear to also work for the amyloids that form in normally aged indivi...
Source: Fight Aging! - August 18, 2021 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, July 19th 2021
In this study, we developed the first epigenetic clock for domesticated sheep (Ovis aries), which can predict chronological age with a median absolute error of 5.1 months. We have discovered that castrated male sheep have a decelerated aging rate compared to intact males, mediated at least in part by the removal of androgens.
Furthermore, we identified several androgen-sensitive CpG dinucleotides that become progressively hypomethylated with age in intact males, but remain stable in castrated males and females. Comparable sex-specific methylation differences in MKLN1 also exist in bat skin and a range of mouse tissu...
Source: Fight Aging! - July 18, 2021 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Is Depletion of Soluble Amyloid- β the Reason Why Amyloid is Important in Alzheimer's Disease?
The long years of failure to improve outcomes in Alzheimer's disease patients via the development of immunotherapies targeting amyloid-β has provoked a great deal of alternative theorizing and new exploration regarding the causes of the condition. The amyloid cascade hypothesis of the progression of Alzheimer's disease is being modified in numerous ways. In its original form, the formation of deposits of misfolded amyloid-β causes inflammation and other forms of disarray that sets the stage for later aggregation of tau into neurofibrillary tangles, which leads to the widespread death of neurons.
Some researchers b...
Source: Fight Aging! - July 12, 2021 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, June 21st 2021
This study showed that the leakage of this mitochondrial nucleic material may occur as a result of mitochondrial dysfunction, which may involve genetic mutations in genes encoding mitochondrial proteins or incomplete degradation of mitochondrial dsDNA in the lysosome - which is a 'degradation factory' of the cell. Upon the leakage into the cytoplasm, this undegraded dsDNA is detected by a 'foreign' DNA sensor of the cytoplasm (IFI16) which then triggers the upregulation of mRNAs encoding for inflammatory proteins."
Using a PD zebrafish model (gba mutant), the researchers demonstrated that a combination of PD-like ph...
Source: Fight Aging! - June 20, 2021 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Replicative Senescence of Microglia as an Important Contributing Cause of Alzheimer's Disease
Somatic cells become senescent after reaching the Hayflick limit on replication. In the case of immune cells, that occurs more often in scenarios of infection or tissue damage that provoke an immune response and hence faster pace of replication. The central nervous system immune cells known as microglia are known to exhibit senescence in later life and neurodegenerative conditions, and the targeted elimination of these cells via senolytic therapies has been shown to reverse symptoms in animal models of these conditions.
Senescent cells secrete a mix of signals that produces chronic inflammation and disrupts tissue fu...
Source: Fight Aging! - June 16, 2021 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in Cardiology
Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is useful in assessment of myocardial perfusion and viability, atherosclerotic plaque activity as well as cardiac innervation in heart failure. PET is also useful in prosthetic valve endocarditis, endocarditis associated with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED), infiltrative cardiomyopathy, aortic stenosis and cardio oncology [1].
PET imaging has superior diagnostic accuracy compared to SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography). It has improved spatial and temporal resolution and can measure regional blood flow and has less radiation. In PET, high energy gamma...
Source: Cardiophile MD - April 20, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: Positron emission tomography Source Type: blogs
Phenocopies of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by hypertrophy of the left ventricle, not related to load. It is a genetically transmitted condition. There are several mimickers of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy which can be called phenocopies of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Conventional form of HCM has been called sarcomeric HCM as it is due to mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins [1].
Here is a small list of phenocopies of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy which is not truly exhaustive:
Fabry disease
Danon disease
PRKAG2 Cardiomyopathy
Pompe disease
Cardiac amyloidosis
Athlete’s heart
Hypertensive heart disease
...
Source: Cardiophile MD - February 24, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: Prof. Dr. Johnson Francis Tags: Cardiology Mimickers of HCM Mimickers of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Mimics of HCM Mimics of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, February 15th 2021
This study assessed cancer risk associations for 3 recently developed methylation-based biomarkers of aging: PhenoAge, GrimAge, and predicted telomere length.
We observed relatively strong associations of age-adjusted PhenoAge with risk of colorectal, kidney, lung, mature B-cell, and urothelial cancers. Similar findings were obtained for age-adjusted GrimAge, but the association with lung cancer risk was much larger, after adjustment for smoking status, pack-years, starting age, time since quitting, and other cancer risk factors. Most associations appeared linear, larger than for the first-generation measures, and w...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 14, 2021 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Towards Therapies Targeting the Mechanisms of Transthyretin Amyloidosis
There are twenty or so different proteins in the human body that can form amyloids, a misfolding of the protein that can encourage other molecules of the same protein to misfold in the same way. These misfolded proteins join together to form solid deposits - amyloids - that are associated with a complex, problematic biochemistry that disrupts cell and tissue function. Once underway in earnest, this formation of amyloids and the resulting pathology is known as amyloidosis.
Transthyretin is one of the proteins capable of forming amyloid, and transthyretin amyloidosis is found to some degree in every older individual. ...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 9, 2021 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, February 8th 2021
This study was divided in two phases: CALERIE-1 and CALERIE-2. CALERIE-1 study was performed to assess the possible effects induced by a reduction of 10-30% of caloric intake on body composition parameters and lipid profile after 6 and 12 months in a population of middle-aged non-obese subjects. CALERIE-1 results showed an improvement in lipid and glycemic profile and a reduction in body weight (BW) and fat mass.
CALERIE-2 was the largest multi-center study on CRD. A total of 220 subjects were enrolled randomly with a 2:1 allocation into two subgroups: 145 in the CRD group and 75 in the ad libitum group. The CRD gro...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 7, 2021 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Amyloidosis Contributes to Muscle Aging, and NAD+ Upregulation Reduces Amyloid Burden
In this study, improved mitochondrial function reduced the burden of amyloid in muscle tissue. Separately, the researchers also removed amyloid from tissues in a targeted way, and found that this improved mitochondrial function. Thus the relationship appears bidirectional. Amyloid degrades mitochondrial function, while forcing an improvement in mitochondrial function gives cells a greater ability to clear amyloid.
NAD+ can restore age-related muscle deterioration
The older we grow, the weaker our muscles get, riddling old age with frailty and physical disability. Researchers have now looked at the issue thr...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 1, 2021 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, January 4th 2021
The objective of this study is to quantify the overall and cancer type-specific risks of subsequent primary cancers (SPCs) among adult-onset cancer survivors by first primary cancer (FPC) types and sex. Among 1,537,101 survivors (mean age, 60.4 years; 48.8% women), 156,442 SPC cases and 88,818 SPC deaths occurred during 11,197,890 person-years of follow-up (mean, 7.3 years). Among men, the overall risk of developing any SPCs was statistically significantly higher for 18 of the 30 FPC types, and risk of dying from any SPCs was statistically significantly higher for 27 of 30 FPC types as compared with risks in the general po...
Source: Fight Aging! - January 3, 2021 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
