Porphyromonas gingivalis outside the oral cavity

AbstractPorphyromonas gingivalis, a Gram-negative anaerobic bacillus present in periodontal disease, is considered one of the major pathogens in periodontitis. A literature search for English original studies, case series and review articles published up to December 2019 was performed using the MEDLINE, PubMed and GoogleScholar databases, with the search terms “Porphyromonas gingivalis” AND the potentially associated condition or systemic disease Abstracts and full text articles were used to make a review of published research literature onP. gingivalis outside the oral cavity. The main points of interest of this narrative review were: (i) a potential direct action of the bacterium and not the systemic effects of the inflammatory acute-phase response induced by the periodontitis, (ii) the presence of the bacterium (viable or not) in the organ, or (iii) the presence of its virulence factors. Virulence factors (gingipains, capsule, fimbriae, hemagglutinins, lipopolysaccharide, hemolysin, iron uptake transporters, toxic outer membrane blebs/vesicles, and DNA) associated withP. gingivalis can deregulate certain functions in humans, particularly host immune systems, and cause various local and systemic pathologies. The most recent studies linkingP. gingivalis to systemic diseases were discussed, remembering particularly the molecular mechanisms involved in different infections, including cerebral, cardiovascular, pulmonary, bone, digestive and peri-natal infections. Recent inv...
Source: Odontology - Category: Dentistry Source Type: research