Naegleria Fowleri: sources of infection, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management; a review.

Naegleria Fowleri: sources of infection, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management; a review. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2019 Oct 14;: Authors: Jahangeer M, Mahmood Z, Munir N, Waraich UE, Tahir IM, Akram M, Ali Shah SM, Zulfqar A, Zainab R Abstract Naegleria fowleri,athermophilic flagellateamoeba known as "brain-eating" amoeba, is the etiologicalagent of perilous and devastating waterborne disease known asPrimary amoebicmeningoencephalitis (PAM) both in human as well as in animals.PAM is a rare but fatal disease affecting young adults all around the world,particularlyin the developed worldbut recentlyreported from developing countries, with 95-99% mortality rate. The swimmers and divers are at high risk of PAM as the warm water is the most propitious environment adapted by N. fowleri to cause this infection. Infectiveamoeba introphozoite phaseenters the victim body throughthenose, crossing the cribriform plate to reach the human brain and cause severe destruction of the central nervous system (CNS). The brain damage leads to brain hemorrhage and eventually, deathoccurs within 3-7 days in undiagnosed cases and maltreated cases. Though the exact pathogenesis of N. fowleri is not known still, however it exhibited two primary mechanisms contact-independent (brain damage through different proteins) and contact-dependent (brain damage through surface structures food cups) that predominantly contribute pathogeninvading into the host CNS....
Source: Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology - Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Tags: Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol Source Type: research