Carbon based nanomaterials for tissue engineering of bone: building new bone on small black scaffolds: A review

Publication date: Available online 28 March 2019Source: Journal of Advanced ResearchAuthor(s): Reza Eivazzadeh-Keihan, Ali Maleki, Miguel de la Guardia, Milad Salimi Bani, Karim Khanmohammadi Chenab, Paria Pashazadeh-Panahi, Behzad Baradaran, Ahad Mokhtarzadeh, Michael R. HamblinAbstractTissue engineering is a rapidly-growing approach to replace and repair damaged and defective tissues in the human body. Every year, a large number of people require bone replacements for skeletal defects caused by accident or disease that cannot heal on their own. In the last decades, tissue engineering of bone has attracted much attention from biomedical scientists in academic and commercial laboratories. A vast range of biocompatible advanced materials has been used to form scaffolds upon which new bone can form. Carbon nanomaterial-based scaffolds are a key example, with the advantages of being biologically compatible, mechanically stable, and commercially available. They show remarkable ability to affect bone tissue regeneration, efficient cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Basically, scaffolds are templates for growth, proliferation, regeneration, adhesion, and differentiation processes of bone stem cells that play a truly critical role in bone tissue engineering. The appropriate scaffold should supply a microenvironment for bone cells that is most similar to natural bone in the human body. A variety of carbon nanomaterials, such as graphene oxide (GO), carbon nanotubes (C...
Source: Journal of Advanced Research - Category: Research Source Type: research