In vitro generation of pancreatic β-cells for diabetes treatment. I. β-like cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells.

In vitro generation of pancreatic β-cells for diabetes treatment. I. β-like cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells. Folia Histochem Cytobiol. 2019 Mar 14;: Authors: Cierpka-Kmiec K, Wronska A, Kmiec Z Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by the lack of pancreatic β-cells that had been destroyed as a result of an autoimmune response. Therefore, in patients with T1D, the replacement therapy with functional β-cells derived from extrinsic sources could be a preferable option as compared to insulin treatment. Unfortunately, successful transplantation of whole pancreata or pancreatic islets into patients with diabetes is available only to a fraction of them due to the scarcity of donors. The rapid development of cell reprogramming methods made it possible to generate large numbers of human β-like cells derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) or human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). This review describes the basis of in vitro differentiaton protocols of β-like cells that mimic changes of the main signaling pathways during the key stages of human and murine pancreas development, which are described first. During the last 15 years it was found that there are no important differences between hESCs and hiPSCs in their differentiation capacities into β-like cells and the expression profiles of the key transcri...
Source: Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica - Category: Cytology Tags: Folia Histochem Cytobiol Source Type: research